«Now we can
compare precipitation changes in various parts of Europe, Asia, and North America for the past twelve centuries.
The Americans — who published their findings on Sunday in Nature Climate Change — ran two different climate models, CAM3.5 and HadCM3L — the one devised by the US National Center for Atmospheric Research and the other by the UK Met Office's Hadley Centre and simulated a doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations, temperature - compensating stratospheric solar radiation management (SRM) geoengineering — and
compared precipitation changes.
Not exact matches
Boersma and Rebstock looked at the cause of every recorded chick mortality in an Argentinian colony of Magellanic penguins, over a nearly 30 - year period, and
compared these with
changes in temperature and
precipitation over the same time.
The
changes shown in these maps
compare an average of the model projections to the average temperature and
precipitation benchmarks observed from 1971 - 2000.
Acknowledging the effects of decreasing
precipitation requires
changes in how resource specialists approach climate
change adaptation for water resources and forest management
compared to preparing for increased temperature alone,» he said.
For example, westerly wind and air temperature can cause a 7 - ounce
change in average chick weights, as
compared to 3.5 - ounce
change caused by wind speed and
precipitation.
The CO2 physiological response has a dominant role in evapotranspiration and has a major effect on long - term runoff and soil moisture
compared to radiative or
precipitation changes due to increased atmospheric CO2.
As the effects of temperature anomalies on the PDSI are small
compared to
precipitation anomalies (Guttman, 1991), the PDSI is largely controlled by
precipitation changes.
By looking at the signatures of climate
change in
precipitation intensity and
comparing that to the internal variability and the observation, the researchers conclude that the probability of intense
precipitation on any given day has increased by 7 percent over the last 50 years — well outside the bounds of natural variability.
Maps show projected percent
change in
precipitation in each season for 2071 - 2099 (
compared to the period 1970 - 1999) under an emissions scenario that assumes continued increases in emissions (A2).
It's interesting to see that the «great European climate step
change» which seems to have occurred around 1987 - 1989 isn't very visible in Norwegian temperatures (at least
compared to some of your records above, where it is easily visible), but it's clearly visible in the
precipitation record.
Projected
change in seasonal
precipitation for 2071 - 2099 (
compared to 1970 - 1999) under an emissions scenario that assumes continued increases in emissions.
Precipitation amounts can
change quite substantially from month to month in many parts of the world, and graphs of multi-decadal time series of monthly values from different datasets can be difficult to
compare.
As the climate of the Pacific Northwest warms, more winter
precipitation is falling as rain,
compared with historical averages.2 With declining snowpack in Oregon's Cascade Mountains, peak stream flows are occurring earlier, and summer flows are declining.2 These
changes are expected to continue as heat - trapping emissions grow, putting more stress on already endangered salmon that return to the Columbia and other rivers in the region to spawn.2
With this tool, you can
compare changes in monthly, seasonal, and annual variability of parameters such as temperature,
precipitation, and a variety of drought indices.
Model simulations of the Asian monsoon project that the sulphate aerosols» direct effect reduces the magnitude of
precipitation change compared with the case of only greenhouse gas increases (Emori et al., 1999; Roeckner et al., 1999; Lal and Singh, 2001).
I have
compared it to water vapor levels, OLR,
precipitation, rotation of the Earth, SOI, Pacific subsurface temperatures, Trade Winds, cloud patterns,
precipitation, atmospheric angular momentum, the AMO, tropical / global temperatures, and the spatial distribution of those temperature
changes.
But you start running those scenarios through the climate models and what you realize very quickly when you look at the output is that those modest
changes in
precipitation really pale in significance
compared to the impact of temperature.
Back in 2007, Xuebin Zhang and colleagues
compared large - scale observations of
precipitation changes with climate model emulations.
The results are
compared to observations of things like
changing global temperatures, local temperatures, and
precipitation patterns.
Gavin said upfront: «By looking at the signatures of climate
change in
precipitation intensity and
comparing that to the internal variability and the observation, the researchers conclude that the probability of intense
precipitation on any given day has increased by 7 percent over the last 50 years — well outside the bounds of natural variability».
Changes in temperature and
precipitation averaged over five sub-continental regions at 2100 were
compared to those in a baseline scenario based on 1 % / yr increase in CO2 concentrations from 1990.
Figure 1 shows the 2007 IPCC Report model projections of
changes in
precipitation for the decade from 2090 — 2099
compared to the pattern for 1980 — 1999.