Sentences with phrase «comparing gene sequences»

Comparing their gene sequences established that they likely diverged from a single common ancestor between 1902 and 1921, suggesting HIV has been in human populations for at least that long.

Michael Metzker, at the time a graduate student in the laboratory of Richard Gibbs at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, compared the gene sequences of the strains to see how closely related they were, using a technique called phylogenetic analysis.

The court ruled that companies can obtain patents on the genes but can not patent methods to compare those gene sequences.

Not exact matches

NIST's reference DNA will enable gene sequencing labs to compare and calibrate their results to the same standard.

The scientists compared the genetic sequence of five related strains of the species, looking for orphan genes and examining the life cycles of the various genes in the fly genome.

Night after night Rienhoff tediously compared his daughter's DNA sequence with reference sequences stored in several major genomic databases — Ensembl, Heidelberg, and the UCSC Genome Bioinformatics gene bank, among others.

When the researchers compared the mRNA to a library of DNA sequences taken from the dendrites of neurons by James Eberwine of the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, they found that it came from a single gene on chromosome X — the human version of which, when mutated, leads to fragile - X syndrome.

To derive an evolutionary tree of the TRIM5 gene, they analyzed and compared its complete protein - coding DNA sequences from 22 African primate species.

Erwin compares the endeavor to the Human Genome Project, in which scientists mapped the sequence of our genes.

The team sequenced the gene that codes for the NaV1.7 channel in mole rats, and compared it with SCN9A — a key gene in the human version of the channel.

The researchers compared the differences between the two sets of sequences to reconstruct how the H7N9 virus evolved through various species of birds and to determine the origin of genes.

They downloaded sequences of more than 700 genes from organisms ranging from fruit flies to humans and compared genes from closely related species.

Using metabolic function analyses of identified genes, we compared our human genome with the average content of previously sequenced microbial genomes.

The wheat genome's data can be searched via the gene identifier in the text search box, or via the bioinformatics BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) to compare sequence matches.

There were about 40 genomes of bacteria sequenced at that time, and what you could do was compare your gene of interest to other genomes to see if they contained something similar.

She and her colleagues sequenced genomic DNA in the tumor samples but did not find any new driver gene mutations in the metastatic samples compared to the primary tumor samples, said McDonald, who completed clinical training under Iacobuzio - Donahue at Johns Hopkins.

By comparing the genetic sequences of the mutant and normal flies, the researchers found that the forgetful flies had an inactive copy of a gene that he and his Chilean collaborators dubbed Volado (Vol)-- South American slang for absentminded.

The researchers then compared the expression of all genes in six parts of the brain of the two bird species using state - of - the - art molecular techniques, including next - generation sequencing — the first time these tools have been used to find brain properties related to innovation and problem - solving in wild birds.

The researchers compared the HSV - 1 and HSV - 2 gene sequences to the family tree of simplex viruses from eight monkey and ape host species.

By comparing proteomic and RNA - sequencing data from people on different exercise programs, the researchers found evidence that exercise encourages the cell to make more RNA copies of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins and proteins responsible for muscle growth.

The team integrated three, complementary gene sequencing approaches to look for mutations in tumor cells from SS patients: whole - genome sequencing in six subjects, sequencing of all protein - coding regions (exomes) in 66 subjects, and comparing variation in the number of copies of all genes across the genome in 80 subjects.

The researchers analyzed and compared the evolutionary patterns of over 3500 toxin sequences from 85 gene families.

Suspecting that the other four carried a new Ehrlichia species, the researchers sequenced the bacterial gene in their blood and compared it to a database containing the sequences of known infectious bacteria.

By comparing their genes, biologists hope to identify and map defective sequences.

Like Wray, the scientists estimated the genes» rate of evolution by comparing their DNA sequences in two different species, a technique calibrated to the date when the two species are known to have diverged.

To determine how similar a person's fingertip bacteria are to bacteria left on computer keys, the team took swabs from three computer keyboards and compared bacterial gene sequences with those from the fingertips of the keyboard owners.

To identify genetic changes likely to be responsible for the giraffe's unique characteristics, including sprints that can reach 37 miles per hour (60 km / h), Cavener and Agaba compared the gene - coding sequences of the giraffe and the okapi to more than forty other mammals including the cow, sheep, goat, camel, and human.

Finally, they ran the results through a software program that combed through many gene sequences simultaneously, comparing each one with the sequences of known viruses stored in online databases.

To reconstruct the ancient version of the F promoter — a DNA sequence of 200 base - pairs — the group compared 30 F type sequences found in mouse L1 genes.

By comparing worm and human sequence, scientists can identify the related genes, and then use the worm to examine their function.

In some cases, the missing pieces can be picked up by comparing the new sequences with known sequences of genes from other species.

They compare DNA sequences of affected family members with those from healthy relatives, looking for unusual sequences in affected people that might turn out to be the defective genes.

Those few studies that have systematically compared individual gene sequences have shown that genes and the human genome may be much more variable than previously thought.

Significant differences were also discovered between the centenarians and the two control groups when their genotype frequencies were compared, in other words, the proportion of individuals with a specific gene sequence.

DNA sequencing of the ladybird's protein - coding genes revealed roughly 50 that help manufacture antimicrobial peptides, compared with 16 such genes identified in the red flour beetle, which the researchers examined for comparison.

Recent studies have found elevated levels of this protein in post-mortem brain samples of patients with MS.. In this latest work, investigators compared the frequencies of «more active» and «less active» variants of the DNA sequences that control expression of the galanin gene between healthy controls and MS patients.

And scientists have yet to agree on the best genes to use and how many sequences to compare.

Dillman explained that his research team also learned more about gene regulation and the evolution of genomes in general as it compared the five sequences with other nematodes.

Because genes on the Y chromosome often vary slightly in sequence — and even function — from the corresponding genes on the X, males could have slightly different patterns of gene expression throughout the body compared with females, due to not only their hormone levels, but also their entire Y chromosome.

Sogin began collecting and sifting through marine organisms — algae, fungi, sponges, jellyfish, anemones, mollusks — cutting them up and extracting DNA, adding enzymes, concentrating the DNA and sequencing the genes, reducing them to strips of code, comparing their ribosomal RNA, and applying algorithms to measure their relationship with one another and with insects, worms, fish, birds, and mammals.

This work yielded the draft sequence of a waterfowl - duck for the first time, and the data indicated that the duck, like the chicken and zebra finch, possessed a contractive immune gene repertoire comparing to those in mammals, and it also comprises novel genes that are not present in the other three birds (chicken, zebra finch and turkey).

The team also compared the 7442 genes found as single copies in both the cobra and the python with the same genes in all other land vertebrates sequenced so far.

The evidence that the SWEET4c gene was selected during domestication was discovered by the team of Jeff Ross - Ibarra at UC Davis, while comparing SWEET4 sequences from modern maize against its wild ancestor Teosinte.

Svante Pääbo Last year Pääbo announced a plan to sequence the entire Neanderthal genome by 2008 and compare our extinct relative's genes with the genes of chimpanzees and humans.

One is to identify disease genes — particularly those involved in conditions with complex origins, such as asthma and heart disease — by comparing genetic sequences within a group of patients with a given disease.

By comparing the sequences of these genes in healthy versus anorexic people, the team found that anorexic women consistently had particular sequence variations in two of these three genes.

Now, geneticist Bing Su of the Kunming Institute of Zoology in China and colleagues believe they have found another candidate by comparing the evolution of gene sequences across a menagerie of animals.

Use existing GenBank sequences to compare cladograms of the same plants with different gene inputs.

The researchers also hope to use gene sequencing technology to compare the brains of those who have died of Alzheimer's with those of people who died without neurological diseases, in the hope of finding DNA sequences of particular microbes in the diseased brains.

«This work compares the complete genome sequences of all known species of Leptospira to discover which genes make this bacterium a pathogen.