In Phase II of AeroCom, a large - scale model intercomparison was performed to document the current state of OA modeling in the global troposphere, evaluate the OA simulations
by comparison with observations, identify weaknesses that still exist in models, explain the agreements and disagreements between models and observations, and attempt to identify and analyze potential systematic biases in the models.
Not only must the whole system model perform reasonably well
in comparison with observation (both spatial and temporal), but so too must the component models and the processes that are involved in the models.
Comparisons with observations in these regions show good agreement between the model and the observations.
The July 2010 Sea Ice Outlook Report is based on a synthesis of 17 individual pan-Arctic estimates using a wide range of methods: statistical, numerical models,
comparison with observations and rates of ice loss, composites of several approaches.
Personally, I'm doubtful that emergent constraint approaches generally tell one much about the relationship to the real world of aspects of model behaviour other than those which are closely related to
the comparison with observations.
Here is the comparison of the backcasts of global temperature from the Canadian model in
comparison with the observations.
Part I:
Comparison with observations and previous studies.
Mercury in the Arctic atmosphere: An analysis of eight years of measurements of GEM at Alert (Canada) and
a comparison with observations at Amderma (Russia) and Kuujjuarapik (Canada)