The main
treatment is through growth hormone, which is contraindicated in children suffering of
diabetes, because the drug increases levels of blood glucose and
complicates the health of diabetic patients.
The implications of these data are that maternal
treatment with antioxidants may provide possible therapy against the programming effects on vascular dysfunction in pregnancy
complicated by fetal hypoxia, such as during placental insufficiency, preeclampsia, gestational
diabetes or high altitude pregnancy.
A potential explanation for the secular trend may be that while improved
treatment for cardiovascular risk factors or
complicating diseases has reduced mortality in all weight classes, the effects may have been greater at higher BMI levels than at lower BMI levels.12 Because obesity is a causal risk factor for hypertension,
diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and dyslipidemia,15,19 - 22 obese individuals may have had a higher selective decrease in mortality.18 Indirect evidence of this effect is seen in the findings as the deaths occur at similar time periods in the 3 cohorts, but cohorts recruited at later periods have an increase in the BMI associated with the lowest mortality, possibly suggesting a period effect related to changes in clinical practice, such as improved
treatments, or general public health status, such as decreased smoking or increased physical activity.