Sentences with phrase «cone photoreceptor»

Because of the similarities in ocular anatomy, including the presence of a cone photoreceptor - rich central retinal region [10], [11], and the frequently similar genotype - phenotype correlation [1], canine retinal disease models contribute significantly to our understanding of retinal disease mechanisms and the development of new therapies for human patients [12]--[20].

Because of the similarities in ocular anatomy, including the presence of a cone photoreceptor - rich central retinal region, and the close genotype - phenotype correlation, canine models contribute significantly to the understanding of retinal disease mechanisms and the development of new therapies.

Electroretinography revealed a gradual loss of both rod and cone photoreceptor - mediated function in Stages 2 and 3 of the disease.

Evaluation of retinal function in 15 Swedish vallhund dogs (nine dogs at Stage 2, two dogs at Stage 3, and four normal control dogs) by electroretinography revealed a decrease of both rod and cone photoreceptor - mediated function in Stages 2 and 3 (Fig. 3).

A subsequent electroretinography study identified an initial reduction of the cone photoreceptor function which led to the condition being re-classified as a cone - rod dystrophy (CRD), rather than a rod - led PRA, and the disease was termed CORD1 for cone - rod degeneration 1 [36].

This condition, also known as Achromatopsia, or color blindness, is characterized by cone photoreceptor dysfunction, severely reduced visual acuity or complete vision loss during daylight hours, and photophobia.

(D) Confocal image of non-dystrophic, control retina stained with cone arrestin antibody (red) showing a normal cone photoreceptor profile (IS: inner segments; ax: axon; arrows point to cone pedicles).

Rim formation is not a prerequisite for distribution of cone photoreceptor outer segment proteins.

Molecular markers for retinal ganglion, amacrine, bipolar, horizontal, Müller glia, and rod and cone photoreceptor cells (Table S3) identified these cell types (Figures 5B, 5D — 5N, and S2, S3, S4, S5, S6).

rPR, rod; cPR, cone photoreceptor; BP, bipolar cell.

Z - series movie of the cone photoreceptor derived from EFTF - expressing pluripotent cells in Figure 5D.

(G) Cells expressing YFP (green) co-express the cone photoreceptor (cPR) marker Calbindin (yellow).

The therapy employs a virus to insert a gene for a common ion channel into normally blind cells of the retina that survive after the light - responsive rod and cone photoreceptor cells die as a result of diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa.

Cryptochrome 1a is located in the blue - to UV - sensitive cone photoreceptors and only reacts to the magnetic field if it is simultaneously excited by light.

B: Rod and cone photoreceptors function under the dim and normal light condition, respectively.

The mutant — called gold rush (gosh)-- presents a genetic mutation in the Aipl1b DNA sequence, losing Aipl1 activity in cone photoreceptors.

This image shows cone photoreceptors (green) in a slice from a mouse retina.

Horizontal cells process visual information by integrating and regulating input from rod and cone photoreceptors, which allow eyes to adjust to see well in both bright and dim light conditions.

In wild - type, retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), and nuclear layers of rod and cone photoreceptors are distinct, and rod outer segment (OS) is observed at the outer-most layer of the retina.

The mutant - called gold rush (gosh)- presents a genetic mutation in the Aipl1b DNA sequence, losing Aipl1 activity in cone photoreceptors.

Rod and cone photoreceptors in the outer retina transduce light into electrical signals.

Inhibitory effect of somatostatin - 14 on L - type voltage-gated calcium channels in cultured cone photoreceptors requires intracellular calcium.

(E) P150 dystrophic retina transplanted with hNPCctx — GDNF and stained with cone arrestin antibody showing morphology of rescued cone photoreceptors (arrows point to cone pedicles).

A concomitant preservation of host cone photoreceptors was also observed.

To examine host cone photoreceptors, we performed antibody staining for cone arrestin antigen.

Cone photoreceptors are the cells in the retina responsible for color vision.

To further examine the morphology of cells and the localization of protein expression within the retina, immunohistochemical staining of both paraffin and OCT retinal sections was performed with the following antibodies (Table S1): human cone arrestin (for cone photoreceptors), rhodopsin (for rod photoreceptors), RPE65 (for the retinal pigment epithelium, RPE), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, for astrocytes and Müller cells), glutamine synthetase (for Müller cells) and G0alpha (for ON bipolar cells).

Most valuable was the tissue sample from a 15 - year old Stage - 3 retina with distinct regions of varying disease severity (Fig. 4B): Small islands of relatively normal appearing retina (Fig. 4B1) were surrounded by large areas of advanced retinal degeneration with loss of both rod and cone photoreceptors (Fig. 4B2).

Not exact matches

PRA is caused by the degeneration of the photoreceptor cells, rods and cones, which are needed for dark and day light vision, respectively.

Missing from the eye was the layer of rods and cones, the photoreceptors that catch light.

Mutations in at least 60 genes are known to cause the disease, and many people are not diagnosed until after a a substantial proportion of photoreceptor cells, the eye's rods and cones, have already degenerated and died.

At the top of the image are the retina's photoreceptor cells (in gray)-- the familiar rods and cones — that capture photons of light and translates them into electrical currents.

The first layer contains the photoreceptors — the rods and cones that detect light.

«We know that other animals use polarisation patterns in the sky, and we have at least some idea how they do it: bees have specially - adapted photoreceptors in their eyes, and birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles all have cone cell structures in their eyes which may help them to detect polarisation,» says Dr Richard Holland of Queen's University Belfast, co-author of the study.

Rods and cones [photoreceptors in the eye] could not account for this differential regulation of melatonin production, so we postulated another type of photoreceptor was responsible for mediating such physiological responses.

The vertebrates» photoreceptor cells, typified by rods and cones, are quite distinctive from the invertebrates».

Bypassing damaged retinal cells The light - sensitive photoreceptors made by the rod and cone cells in the retina also belong to the GPCR class.

The pigment is needed by photoreceptor cells — the retina's light - sending rods and cones — and when RPE65 is mutated, the photoreceptor cells gradually die.

A healthy retina usually features light - sensitive cells — photoreceptors — called cones and rods.

The neural retina consists of six major classes of neurons including two types of photoreceptors, rods and cones.

Genetic defects cause photoreceptor degeneration, which are majorly classified into rod - cone dystrophy called retinitis pigmentosa (rods initially degenerate, followed by cone degeneration), cone - rod dystrophy (cone degeneration, followed by rod degeneration), and Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA).

The researchers were surprised to find that the removal of Onecut1 also had an impact on photoreceptor cells, the rods and cones that absorb light in the retina and convert that energy to an electrical impulse eventually conveyed to the brain.

The illness occurs when a DNA mutation within one of the genes affects the normal ocular development or induces photoreceptor — the cones and rods - degeneration.

(A) Rosettes (arrowheads) and pseudo outer nuclear layers (arrow) are detected in explants triple stained for nuclei (blue; DAPI), cone (green; Calbindin), and rod photoreceptors (red; XAP2).

Effect of Rds abundance on cone outer segment morphogenesis, photoreceptor gene expression, and outer limiting membrane integrity.

The way the eye works is that light must pass through the RGCs to reach the photoreceptors, ie, the rod and cone cells that sense light.

Confocal images of P150 dystrophic retina transplanted with hNPCctx — GDNF and double stained with antibodies against human nuclear antigen (red) and either (A) recoverin, a photoreceptor and cone bipolar cell marker (green), or (B) protein kinase Cα (PKCα), a bipolar cell marker (green).

While preservation of the ONL is evidence for a neuroprotective role for hNPCctx and GDNF within the retina, maintenance of visual function at the level observed in this study suggests at least partial retention of photoreceptor structure necessary for visual processing, particularly that associated with cones.

Behind the photoreceptors is another layer of cells called retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which support the rods and cones by delivering nutrients from the bloodstream and removing waste that the rods and cones generate.

The macula is densely packed with photoreceptor cells called rods and cones that react to light and send electrical nerve impulses to the optic nerve and into the brain.