STAT1 and STAT2 represent two of the seven mammalian STAT proteins that share several structurally and functionally conserved domains, including an NH2 - terminal coiled - coil region for interactions with other transcription factors and chaperone proteins, a phosphotyrosine - binding Src homology 2 domain required for receptor binding and STAT dimerization, and a COOH - terminal transcription activation domain (TAD) within which a highly
conserved tyrosine residue is present.