Although the administration is
constrained by the parameters of the law, the education department should continue to allow for as much flexibility for states as possible.
Given that Lui's cultural celebrations have been reduced to sausage sizzles, face painting, perving and activities
constrained by the parameters of federal funding guidelines, I can well imagine there might be little to celebrate.
Not exact matches
According to him, the
parameters imposed
by philosophy's formal and structural presuppositions
constrains attempts to «stray» beyond their established limits (AI 228 - 229).
We compare Kepler - 93b to other dense planets with well -
constrained parameters and find that between 1 - 6 Earth masses, all dense planets including the Earth and Venus are well - described
by the same fixed ratio of iron to magnesium silicate.
You could even say that at Tintype, the given physical
parameters of the work, of a window projection with a 16 -
by - 9 format, almost soundless, and the reference to Essex Road were actually very
constraining factors which shaped my development of the work in its initial phase.
J.B. Wilson is a post-media contemporary artist whose practice is distinguished
by the use of non-traditional materials and processes in his efforts to challenge their
constraining parameters.
I contacted you last summer about the failure
by Dr Chris Forest to provide requested data and computer code used in Forest 2006, an observationally
constrained study of key climate
parameters.
The most popular observationally -
constrained method of estimating climate sensitivity involves comparing data whose relation to S is too complex to permit direct estimation, such as temperatures over a spatio - temporal grid, with simulations thereof
by a simplified climate model that has adjustable
parameters for setting S and other key climate properties.
Even when the representation of all included processes is decided the models include many
parameters that are only weakly
constrained by other data, meaning there is parametric uncertainty (2)(McWilliams, 2007; Betz, 2009a; Parker, 2010; Katzav, 2013).
I would be interested to see a range of results based on a plausible range of the free
parameters,
constrained where possible
by physical models of the underlying phenomena.
Earlier we had carried out simulations of Jupiter with the same model (Schneider and Liu 2009), but with slightly different choices of dissipation
parameters (which are poorly
constrained by data).
These
parameters are
constrained by «observational constraints», including the meteorite data.
The contingency created
by running a model of some physical system whose
parameters are under -
constrained is illustrated beautifully
by the model output - plots in this article.
Either the model is perfectly
constrained and thus the outcome certain before the operator hits the run button or under -
constrained in which case the outcome is determined completely
by the
parameter values guessed at
by the programmer.
As we have come to expect, Ken Rice fails to discuss the specifics for example that Nic Lewis has in his writeup concerning tropical convection, clouds, etc. and also how
parameters that can not be well
constrained by data can be used to tune ECS within a broad range.
«The assessment is supported additionally
by a complementary analysis in which the
parameters of an Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity (EMIC) were
constrained using observations of near - surface temperature and ocean heat content, as well as prior information on the magnitudes of forcings, and which concluded that GHGs have caused 0.6 °C to 1.1 °C (5 to 95 % uncertainty) warming since the mid-20th century (Huber and Knutti, 2011); an analysis
by Wigley and Santer (2013), who used an energy balance model and RF and climate sensitivity estimates from AR4, and they concluded that there was about a 93 % chance that GHGs caused a warming greater than observed over the 1950 — 2005 period; and earlier detection and attribution studies assessed in the AR4 (Hegerl et al., 2007b).»
You need a level of modeling complexity where the
parameters can be well
constrained by data.
(ii) those using simpler climate models whose key
parameters are intended to be
constrained as tightly as possible
by observations, to