Sentences with phrase «consumption of cigarettes»

In late 2014, for example, a group at the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot, Israel reported in The Journal of Neuroscience that smokers conditioned during sleep to associate the smell of cigarettes with a profoundly unpleasant feeling reduced their consumption of cigarettes more than those conditioned to the same behavior when awake.

Marie Ng, Ph.D., of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, and colleagues conducted a study to estimate levels and trends in the prevalence of smoking by age and sex and consumption of cigarettes for 187 countries from 1980 to 2012.

Not exact matches

They range from loss of weight to increased cigarette and alcohol consumption, lower immune function and a higher risk of dying.

Nutrition During Lactation also studies the effects of maternal cigarette smoking, drug use, and alcohol consumption.

Nicotine and cotinine concentrations in the milk of smoking mothers: influence of cigarette consumption and diurnal variation.

Also, at this time, the developing embryo is at most risk from external toxins, making it important that pregnant women avoid the consumption of alcohol, caffeine, cigarette smoke, and certain medications to avoid harming the developing child at this crucial time.

The study, «Electronic Cigarette Use Among College Students: Links to Gender, Race / Ethnicity, Smoking, and Heavy Drinking» found in the Journal of American College Health connects e-cigarette use in colleges to high rates of alcohol consumption and other factors such as: gender, race / ethnicity and traditional cigarettes.

Meanwhile cigarette consumption is on the rise in much of the developing world, thanks in no small part to strong marketing from tobacco companies.

In the case of Hispanics in the U.S., low cigarette consumption seems powerful enough to counteract a slew of socioeconomic disadvantages that often result in poor health and early death.

The rise of the e-cigarette has seen no increase in tobacco consumption, rather the reverse, as cigarette sales continue to drop.

Although the study failed to find any association between sperm morphology and other common lifestyle factors, such as cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption, it remains possible that they could correlate with other aspects of sperm that were not measured, such as the quality of the DNA contained in the sperm head.

Since the fall of communism, cigarette consumption been rising, except during brief periods when some countries ran short of tobacco to make cigarettes.

The criteria included asymptomatic adults 55 to 80 years of age, having a 30 pack - year (a measure of cigarette consumption equivalent to smoking one pack a day for a year) smoking history, and currently smoking or having quit within the past 15 years.

We have also confirmed that low cigarette consumption is associated with a high risk of stroke.

We did a systematic literature review of English language articles published between 1946 and May 2015 in Medline (MOOSE guidelines13) that reported the association between cigarette consumption and coronary heart disease and stroke.

4/4/2007 Smoking Cessation Rates Are Up, Cigarette Consumption Is Down, Says UCSD Study of California's Tobacco Control Program Since the advent of the California Tobacco Control Program, in 1989, the state's young adult smokers are quitting the habit in record numbers and older smokers are consuming far fewer cigarettes, according to a new series of studies from the Moores C...

Three recent experimental studies focused on low consumption / exposure.949596 In one study, 29 smokers each consumed a single cigarette, immediately after which they had a significant decrease in blood vessel output power and significant increase in blood vessel ageing level and remaining blood volume 25 minutes later, as markers of atherosclerosis.94 In another study, human coronary artery endothelial cells were exposed to the smoke equivalent to one cigarette, which led to activation of oxidant stress sensing transcription factor NFR2 and up - regulation of cytochrome p450, considered to have a role in the development of heart disease.95 These effects were not seen when heart cells were exposed to the vapour from one e - cigarette.95 A study exposed adult mice to low intensity tobacco smoke (two cigarettes) for one to two months and found adverse histopathological effects on brain cells.96

For consumption, we used the midpoint of the reported number of cigarettes per day — for example, three cigarettes per day if the category was one to five cigarettes per day — which we then adjusted for carboxyhaemoglobin and cotinine because this allows for lower inhalation with increasing cigarette consumption as previously established.14 For studies that reported relative risks adjusted for age (or for additional factors), the model contained the logarithm of the relative risk (dependent variable) and consumption (independent variable) using only the midpoint of the cigarettes per day categories.

This compared with 49 % sperm motility in the men who viewed the images of women only — a difference that was statistically significant after taking into account lifestyle factors such as cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption.

Consumption was usually about 20 daily cigarettes during much of the early cigarette smoking history.

Caffeine consumption has the advantage of having relatively weak (compared to alcohol or cigarettes) social reinforcement, in the sense that one can easily choose a noncaffeinated or decaffeinated beverage in a restaurant or at a party without attracting comment.

The second tier of causes that lead to those big problems include elevated insulin levels, insufficient antioxidants, high consumption of inflammatory substances, nutritional deficiencies, and high consumption of free radicals due to lifestyle habits like smoking cigarettes.

Although the Greenland Inuit are the world's heaviest cigarette smokers and although their consumption of fruits and vegetables has been virtually zero until recently and although they add lots of salt when they eat their fish, seal meat / blubber, and whale meat / blubber, the Greenland Inuit have only half the age - adjusted total cancer death rate of Americans and cardiovascular disease is virtually nonexistent among the Greenland Inuit: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9447397

Takes a clichéd - seeming premise and carefully proceeds to turn it on its head through logic, absurd humor and the consumption of vast quantities of cigarettes.

Coffee and Cigarettes is a black and white anthology film consisting of eleven shorts that involve the consumption of the two titular vices.

Many scenes feature cigarette and tobacco use (accurate for the periods portrayed in this film) along with alcohol consumption, sometimes to the point of intoxication.

This means that for example, a 10 % increase in the price of cigarettes does not cause a 10 % drop in consumption.

His small gouaches, for instance, are painted from photographed arrangements of items that often refer to petty vices (a pack of cigarettes) or cultural consumption (VHS or cassette tapes).

Their intricate realistic trays of cracked eggs, half - drunk espresso cups, cigarette butts, and soiled newspapers suggest the aftermath of modern human consumption.

in the uk it is likely black market cigarette consumption is in excess of 50 % in some areas, people will only take so much taxation before they do something about it, in the uk that time passed a long time ago for cigarettes and to some extent energy costs.

A tightening up of rules against inducements making clear that only refreshments or cigarettes for immediate consumption may be given to clients.

Bad habits such as smoking cigarettes and consumption of alcohol have an adverse effect on the premium amount.

The experience of interpersonal distress during childhood is also correlated with depression, aggression, and drug misuse (e.g., cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and illegal drug use) later in life (DeFronzo and Pawlak, 1993; Anda et al., 1999; Nation and Heflinger, 2006; Leeb et al., 2011; Shonkoff et al., 2012).

Mother's age at birth of first child, level of education, cigarette and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and postpartum depression were obtained during the interview when the child was 5 months of age.

The consumption of psychotropic substances among children with externalized disorders: Consumption portrait and characteristics associated with early initiation to cigarettes, alcohol aconsumption of psychotropic substances among children with externalized disorders: Consumption portrait and characteristics associated with early initiation to cigarettes, alcohol aConsumption portrait and characteristics associated with early initiation to cigarettes, alcohol and cannabis

In addition to snacks and beverages, companies have been adding more lucrative prepared food, which also provides a cushion against long - term threats such as the rise of fuel - efficient cars and falling cigarette consumption.