Perhaps the English chose to depend more on taxes that were thought at the time to be more fair, like income taxes or
consumption taxes.
Thus, Torto Wheaton studies national
consumption taxes in those markets.
The effects of changes to
consumption taxes need to be looked at in a broader context, both that of other tax changes and that of government policy generally.
Because if we take the latter approach, we are in fact achieving an economic outcome that governments have long tried to achieve: to shift taxation away from income taxes towards other forms of revenue such as
consumption taxes.
It's true that
consumption taxes, a category including carbon taxes, are «regressive» — they take a larger share of income from low - income households — but that's true only when the use of the tax revenues is ignored.
As the authors suggest, their finding runs counter to conventional economic thinking that
consumption taxes (including carbon taxes) are necessarily regressive when revenue treatment is ignored.
The NDP is working hard to staunch the loss of votes to the greens; a canvasser had me on the phone for half an hour explaining how the NDP could win this riding, how the Greens are not so green with economic policies that are almost libertarian, with, heaven forbid, a bias towards
consumption taxes instead of income taxes!
It gives conservatives a market - based tool to replace regulations and relieves them of a need to sign on to the climate change thesis by providing a true, conservative rationale —
consumption taxes that ease the burden of taxation on work are pro-growth.
That's just a weasel excuse for continuing the highly inflationary economic cycles under the IMF and World Bank recommended / endorsed highly inflationary tax regimes of income and
consumption taxes to enable the continued capture of the world's wealth.
Cap and trade is not to be confused with a tax, «sin» taxes and / or
consumption taxes do not put a finite limit on how much can be consumed (dumped in this case) and are therefore useless for modiying behaviour in a meanigfull way.
If Canadians start to feel better about their financial situation and spend more money (which they will have through their TFSAs) then the government will see an increase in
consumption taxes such as GST, HST etc..
Another would be to completely replace income taxes with
consumption taxes effectively doing the same thing as an outright repeal.
He said
consumption taxes, like sales taxes, also have been growing at a very slow rate, another sign the economy is not strong.
Finally, similar results may be achieved through a simpler means -
consumption taxes, inheritance taxes and excise taxes on luxury goods.
It's worth pointing out that a substantial minority of Lib Dems are very keen on ideas such as Land Value Tax which would directly address many of the problems arising from asset inequality, in particular the fact that land owners can often make substantial gains in wealth as a result of public works funded out of the income and
consumption taxes paid by those of substantially less wealth than themselves.
As Vince Cable points out in his report «tackling the fiscal crisis», corporate taxes are the most harmful for growth, followed by personal income taxes, then
consumption taxes with recurrent taxes on immovable property having the least impact.
Consumption taxes OTOH are a daily thing and must be simple for that reason.
Additionally,
consumption taxes are fair because they are optional - you can choose to spend more or less money.
Does Mr. Brownback not factor in the fact that most people still need to spend a minimum amount of money to live in modern society (food, shelter, etc.), and it is those people who can not afford to spend more than a minimum that
consumption taxes affect the most (which, as you noted, has often been an argument for income tax)?
Consumption taxes have their own problems.
Congress can carve out classes of products from
consumption taxes just as they carve out exemptions from the income tax.
Cutting
consumption taxes is regressive, many warned, because it rewards the rich with proportionately greater discounts (two per cent off the price of a BMW, they reasoned, is worth a lot more than two per cent off a Chevy Cavalier).
How do
consumption taxes affect, say, low or middle - income earners?
Now, without warning,
consumption taxes are back in the news.
«This report discusses how tax structures can best be designed to support GDP per capita growth.The analysis suggests a tax and economic growth ranking order according to which corporate taxes are the most harmful type of tax for economic growth, followed by personal income taxes and then
consumption taxes, with recurrent taxes on immovable residential property being the least harmful tax.
In the United States, most
consumption taxes are levied by states and local governments (as retail sales taxes), although the federal government does levy some selective
consumption taxes, called «excise taxes,» on items such as alcohol, tobacco products, and gasoline.
- From progressive income taxes to regressive
consumption taxes, MSP premiums, and user fees for public programs and services.
A reduction in income or
consumption taxes, financed by an increase in carbon taxes, would be a clear gain for the higher income, lower carbon demographic.
It said the synergies would exceed additional costs to the business as a result of new point of
consumption taxes on bets being introduced across most states in Australia.
The Section on Taxation provides evidence that the government should be relying more on
consumption taxes than on personal and corporate income taxes, but the recommendations are silent on this.
Such a tax system would place the greater burden of tax rising on
consumption taxes such as the HST, and reduce the burden on income taxes.
Virtually every other industrialized country deploys
consumption taxes to support their welfare states.
On the other side of the aisle, the Democrats will push for a big revenue - raiser in exchange for lower rates, possibly including a new
consumption tax or VAT.
A bigger test for Mr Oohara looms with Japan set to raise
its consumption tax to 10 per cent from 8 per cent in April 2017, something that could spark a shakeup in the retail industry.
Economists agreed almost unanimously at a recent provincial economic summit that
a consumption tax would help level out the peaks and valleys of provincial revenue tied to energy prices.
While it's hard to know if
the consumption tax could ever get mainstream traction, Johnson and Weld appeal to entrepreneurs because they seem to be a saner alternative to Trump, says Philip Wallach, a senior fellow in governance studies at Brookings Institution, a centrist think tank.
Eliminating income tax and corporate tax and abolishing the IRS, replacing them with one federal
consumption tax
The most common
consumption tax overall is the value - added tax (VAT), used by virtually all developed countries but not by the US.
Value - added tax (VAT): A form of
consumption tax collected from businesses based on the value each firm adds to a product (rather than, say, gross sales).
The other two arrows: — fiscal and structural Abe may well have pledged to prioritise growth over fiscal consolidation near - term, but he has wisely stuck by the once - delayed
consumption tax hike in latter 2017.
As Tokyo's policy authorities recognized the risks, they have delayed the proposed
consumption tax hike, adopted new structural reforms and a negative interest policy.
This would be exacerbated if Prime Minister Abe decides to go ahead with a second increase in
the consumption tax in April, even after the dismal results of raising the tax in April 2014 from 5 % to 8 %.
While border adjustment would be a new feature for the US tax system, most other countries already have it in the form of a value added tax (VAT),
a consumption tax that has a border adjustability component.
On the potential delay of
the consumption tax hike in Japan: «It's one very easy show of supporting consumption and also it's a way of flexing political muscle,» Naomi Fink, CEO of Europacifica Consulting, told CNBC.»
The Enforcement Order of
the Consumption Tax Act will be established in the months ahead, around the enactment of the proposal coming in March.
Japan's Cabinet has approved proposals for the 2017 fiscal year tax reform which include an exemption from
consumption tax (the Japanese value added tax) for the transfer of virtual currency (VC - cash exchange).
The exemption will be embodied in an amendment to the Enforcement Order of
the Consumption Tax Act, which is being prepared by the Ministry of Finance, and it is highly likely that it will apply to VC - cash exchanges executed on or after July 1, 2017.
A transfer (including a lease) of assets or provision of services undertaken in Japan (domestic transactions) for business purposes is subject to
consumption tax.
«Even though
the consumption tax is scheduled to be raised by 2 percentage points, a number of measures to mitigate the burden, such as a reduced tax rate and an increase in welfare benefits for pensioners, and the provision of free education are planned to be implanted,» the report said.
In Germany, real GDP rose strongly in the March quarter, as consumers brought forward expenditure ahead of the April
consumption tax increase, and equipment investment rose strongly.