Sentences with phrase «containing resistance genes»

A team of French investigators now shows that bacteria that acquire plasmids containing resistance genes rarely lose them.

Integrons capture and disseminate gene - cassettes; short circular pieces of DNA that may contain resistance genes [35], and integrons associated with class 1 integrases are known to transfer many forms of resistance genes [36].

«It's like searching for the proverbial needle in the haystack to find one clone that contained the resistance gene,» Gill said.

Not exact matches

Samples collected from soil contained the most diverse pool of resistance genes, the authors found.

The study also found that both the liquid and solid parts of the sludge contained genes that confer resistance to these antibiotics.

Finally, the researchers found that the vancomycin - resistant enterococci (VRE) bacteria found in the untreated wastewater contains a gene capable of transferring vancomycin resistance to other strains of bacteria.

Three - quarters of them contained the genetic material of one or even two copies of a pesticide resistance gene called ace - lR.

In fields containing refuges of non-modified plants, resistance genes were less likely to be spread through the moth population.

They also say they are concerned about the antibiotic resistance marker gene that the wheat contains, and assert that the researchers «are openly releasing a synthetic version of a compound that... has had no long - term health safety tests whatsoever for human consumption, or for its impacts on non-target species.»

Last summer, agribusiness giant Syngenta, based in Basel, Switzerland, conducted the first field trials of maize (corn) containing engineered mini-chromosomes, and showed that the mini-chromosomes, which carried multiple genes for insect and herbicide resistance, were stable in the field.

It is the wild relatives of crops which contain genes for resistance to disease and pests, stock for use in grafting and characteristics to improve the properties of the crops themselves.

Professor Morten Sommer adds: «The findings from our research demonstrate that wastewater treatment plants contain a huge pool of genes with the capacity to provide bacteria with antimicrobial resistance, but that these genes do not appear in pathogenic bacteria.

Each contained five or six well characterized antimicrobial resistance genes.

In a study, published in Science, they investigated a gene region that contains a particular single nucleotide variant associated with increased risk for developing colorectal and prostate cancers — and found that removing this region caused dramatic resistance to tumor formation.

The sensing gene circuit is contained on a T - DNA providing resistance to Basta whereas the de-greening gene circuit is on a T - DNA providing resistance to kanamycin.

A targeting vector was designed to contain the Enhanced Yellow Fluorescent Protein gene (from the pEYFP - N1 plasmid, Clonetech) downstream of a loxP - flanked stop sequence (neomycin resistance gene and a trimer of the SV40 polyadenylation sequence).

Some transgenic crops contain antibiotic resistance genes as selection markers that were used during the process of transgene construction.

Genetic Roulette implies that untreatable infectious diseases will be promoted because genetically modified crops may contain genes for resistance to antibiotics.

Our gut already contains billions of bacteria carrying resistances to kanamycin and ampicillin, the two most commonly used antibiotic marker genes in GM crops.

Bacteria will frequently contain small chromosomes called plasmids that commonly carry genes for antibiotic resistance.

Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid β - peptide; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Ambra1, activating molecule in Beclin -1-regulated autophagy; AMPK, AMP - activated protein kinase; APP, amyloid precursor protein; AR, androgen receptor; Atg, autophagy - related; AV, autophagic vacuole; Bcl, B - cell lymphoma; BH3, Bcl - 2 homology 3; CaMKKβ, Ca2 + - dependent protein kinase kinase β; CHMP2B, charged multivesicular body protein 2B; CMA, chaperone - mediated autophagy; 2 ′ 5 ′ ddA, 2 ′, 5 ′ - dideoxyadenosine; deptor, DEP - domain containing mTOR - interacting protein; DRPLA, dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy; 4E - BP1, translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein - 1; Epac, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ERK1 / 2, extracellular - signal - regulated kinase 1/2; ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FAD, familial AD; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FIP200, focal adhesion kinase family - interacting protein of 200 kDa; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; FTD3, FTD linked to chromosome 3; GAP, GTPase - activating protein; GR, guanidine retinoid; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HD, Huntington's disease; hiPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell; hVps, mammalian vacuolar protein sorting homologue; IKK, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase; IMPase, inositol monophosphatase; IP3R, Ins (1,4,5) P3 receptor; I1R, imidazoline - 1 receptor; JNK1, c - Jun N - terminal kinase 1; LC3, light chain 3; LD, Lafora disease; L - NAME, NG - nitro - L - arginine methyl ester; LRRK2, leucine - rich repeat kinase 2; MIPS, myo - inositol -1-phosphate synthase; mLST8, mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8; MND, motor neuron disease; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; mTORC, mTOR complex; MVB, multivesicular body; NAC, N - acetylcysteine; NBR1, neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; p70S6K, ribosomal protein S6 kinase - 1; PD, Parkinson's disease; PDK1, phosphoinositide - dependent kinase 1; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3 - kinase; PI3KC1a, class Ia PI3K; PI3KC3, class III PI3K; PI3KK, PI3K - related protein kinase; PINK1, PTEN - induced kinase 1; PKA, protein kinase A; PLC, phospholipase C; polyQ, polyglutamine; PS, presenilin; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10; Rag, Ras - related GTP - binding protein; raptor, regulatory - associated protein of mTOR; Rheb, Ras homologue enriched in brain; rictor, rapamycin - insensitive companion of mTOR; SBMA, spinobulbar muscular atrophy; SCA, spinocerebellar ataxia; SLC, solute carrier; SMER, small - molecule enhancer of rapamycin; SMIR, small - molecule inhibitor of rapamycin; SNARE, N - ethylmaleimide - sensitive factor - attachment protein receptor; SOD1, copper / zinc superoxide dismutase 1; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TOR, target of rapamycin; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex; ULK1, UNC -51-like kinase 1; UVRAG, UV irradiation resistance - associated gene; VAMP, vesicle - associated membrane protein; v - ATPase, vacuolar H + - ATPase; Vps, vacuolar protein sorting

Several chromosomal regions had elevated integrated haplotype scores (iHS) indicating recent selection, including those containing drug resistance genes.

Functional analysis showed significant differences between the metagenomes and the downstream bacterial communities contained a high abundance of genes associated with antibiotic resistance (COG0294, 3570, 3231, 1357), replication and mobilization of DNA (COG3668, TIGR01629, TIGR02768) and membrane transporters (COG0488, TIGR02294)(Tables S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11).

Their importance is further emphasized by their ability to move larger regions of genetic material containing arrays of resistance genes.

This plasmid contained the recently reported fluoroquinolone resistance gene qnrD, which to our best knowledge has up to now only been found in a different plasmid from Salmonella enterica isolated in China [28].

They use natural plant centromeres (a key part of chromosomes needed for their inheritance), promoters (gene activation sites), and gene - termination sequences to assemble linear or circular minichromosomes that contain at least a dozen genes that can improve crops by promoting traits like pest and disease resistance.