«18 It is partly in response to that void of an Italian Reformation that we may understand Gramsci's fascination, and not Gramsci's alone but that of almost every major modern Italian intellectual with Niccolo Machiavelli, the Italian
contemporary of Luther and Calvin.19 Gramsci treats Machiavelli as a Reformer in
secular guise, a «precocious Jacobin,» with a vision of a
people armed, a national Italy, and Gramsci used the figure of Machiavelli's Prince to express the unifying and leading function of the modern Communist party.