Sentences with phrase «continental ice sheet»

Scientists from several nations are working together to launch a flagship program to explore a major mountain range buried by a large continental ice sheet and bounded by numerous subglacial lakes.

For example, the initial development of a continental ice sheet increases albedo over a portion of Earth, reducing surface absorption of sunlight and leading to further cooling.

the time during the building of the continental ice sheet was another period of an extremely warm Arctic, about one hundred thousand years ago.

260 Photograph of Greenland mountain peaks exposed by the thinning continental ice sheet: Rock protruding through an ice sheet is called a nunatak.

The climatic glacial mode may develop rapidly, but there is a lag of the order of 10,000 years in the subsequent buildup of a continental ice sheet... The recent climatic fluctuations in the area are on too short a timescale to be viewed with alarm.

Continental ice sheet melting and water redistribution to the oceans resulting in a volumetric change in sea - level at the equator is virtually instantaneous compared to the process of land level rise due to plastic rebound of the mantle following unloading.

Just in a few years the reaction to the geology appears to have come from «Pay no never mind, nothing here», that we have come to expect from the rigid, group think crowd, to perhaps a willingness to keep an open mind and find out what possible relationships exist to the ice shelves and the continental ice sheet.

Brysse et al. (2012) also found that the IPCC has tended to underestimate or failed to account for CO2 emissions, increased rainfall in already rainy areas, continental ice sheet melting, Arctic sea ice decline, and permafrost melting.

Together with the University of Alaska, PIK develops the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM), an innovative computer model of continental ice sheet dynamics.

Consider how a continental ice sheet it built up and maintained: snow falls on top — i.e., a couple km above sea level, where it is pretty cold — and is slowly compressed to ice.

[Response: Indeed it is the latter; most global climate models do not (yet) include continental ice sheet models.

Amundsen - Scott South Pole Station sits at the Earth's axis on a shifting continental ice sheet several miles thick.

Ice shelves are floating masses of ice on the edge of the continental ice sheet.

Thiel, E., and N.A. Ostenso, The contact of the Ross Ice Shelf with the continental ice sheet, Antarctica, Journal of Glaciology, Vol.

and I have a little question about continental ice sheet's thermal property at base.

Some climate scientists, including James E. Hansen, former head of the nasa Goddard Institute for Space Studies, say we must also consider slower feedbacks such as changes in the continental ice sheets.

That CO2 then warmed the globe, melting back the continental ice sheets and ushering in the current climate that enabled humanity to thrive.

«Ice - ages may superficially look similar to one another, but there are important differences in the relationships between the melting of continental ice sheets and global climate changes.

At the end of an ice age continental ice sheets, oceans and atmosphere change rapidly.

«These findings add to mounting evidence suggesting that there are sweet spots or «windows of opportunity» within climate space where so - called boundary conditions, such as the level of atmospheric CO2 or the size of continental ice sheets, make abrupt change more likely to occur.

The continental ice sheets play a central role in climate.

We determine that this difference is driven by the growth and retreat of large continental ice sheets that are present in the cold ice - age climates; these ice sheets reflect a lot of sunlight and their growth consequently amplifies the impact of CO2 changes.»

Continental ice sheets don't disappear in a simple, monolithic way — it's an extremely complicated process.

The abrupt changes seen in the Greenland ice cores are due to sea - ice changes and the slower changes are the growth or retreat of continental ice sheets.

It is thus suggested that D / O events are a consequence of interactions of the windfield with the continental ice sheets and that better understanding of the wind field in the glacial periods is the highest priority.

The process of accumulating enough ice and snow to form continental ice sheets is slow, and it took about 100,000 years.

Glacial climatic fluctuations caused habitat changes, including the appearance of continental ice sheets as far south as Washington State [37], that may have caused range shifts in locally adapted gray fox populations, with foxes with clade B haplotypes existing as far south as southern California.

The abrupt changes seen in the Greenland ice cores are due to sea - ice changes and the slower changes are the growth or retreat of continental ice sheets.

Such close linkages between CO2 concentration and climate variability are consistent with modelling results suggesting with high confidence that glacial — interglacial variations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases [CH4, N2O] explain a considerable fraction of glacial — interglacial climate variability in regions not directly affected by the northern hemisphere continental ice sheets (Timmermann et al., 2009; Shakun et al., 2012).

There is a strong regional pattern of sea level variation on multidecadal and longer timescales associated with e.g. the differential gravitational pull of growing or decaying continental ice sheets.

First, the more appropriate scientific definition of climate is that it is a system involving the oceans, land, atmosphere and continental ice sheets with interfacial fluxes between these components, as we concluded in the 2005 National Research Council report.

As for melting continental ice sheets, yes, that would increase the Earth's moment of inertia about its axis of rotation, leading to a slight increase in length of day.

It is thus suggested that D / O events are a consequence of interactions of the windfield with the continental ice sheets and that better understanding of the wind field in the glacial periods is the highest priority.

Other forcings, including the growth and decay of massive Northern Hemisphere continental ice sheets, changes in atmospheric dust, and changes in the ocean circulation, are not likely to have the same kind of effect in a future warming scenario as they did at glacial times.

Ice age - An ice age or glacial period is characterized by a long - term reduction in the temperature of the Earth's climate, resulting in growth of continental ice sheets and mountain glaciers (glaciation).

In particular, it would fail to stabilize the major continental ice sheets, and thus would not prevent a catastrophic rise in sea levels.

Melting continental ice sheets drove much higher rates of sea level rise than seen today, ranging from 10 to 40 + mm / year.

-- Susan Solomon, Nature The Long Thaw is written for anyone who wishes to know what cutting - edge science tells us about the modern issue of global warming and its effects on the pathways of atmospheric chemistry, as well as global and regional temperatures, rainfall, sea level, Arctic sea - ice coverage, melting of the continental ice sheets, cyclonic storm frequency and intensity and ocean acidification.

Recent studies have shown that Antarctica's two continental ice sheets are more sensitive to changes in ocean and air temperatures than previously thought, he notes.

Based on evidence from Earth's history, we suggest here that the relevant form of climate sensitivity in the Anthropocene (e.g. from which to base future greenhouse gas (GHG) stabilization targets) is the Earth system sensitivity including fast feedbacks from changes in water vapour, natural aerosols, clouds and sea ice, slower surface albedo feedbacks from changes in continental ice sheets and vegetation, and climate — GHG feedbacks from changes in natural (land and ocean) carbon sinks.

Our civilizations began building immediately after the last great continental ice sheets melted about 10,000 years ago, thanks to agricultural success.

Thermal expansion of seawater and melting continental ice sheets relevant to global warming are tiny effects relative to secular sea level change of ancient times.

There may be «large - scale discontinuities» (IPCC, 2001a) resulting from both the shutdown of the large - scale meridional circulation of the world oceans (see Section 1.4.6) and the disintegration of large continental ice sheets.

Some climate scientists, including James E. Hansen, former head of the nasa Goddard Institute for Space Studies, say we must also consider slower feedbacks such as changes in the continental ice sheets.

Other feedback factors relate to how much water vapor there will be in a warmer atmosphere and how fast sea ice and continental ice sheets will melt.

The growth and decay of continental ice sheets represents a slow feedback operating over millennia; if one is concerned with the more rapid response of the climate to CO2, ice sheets have to be accounted for as a major forcing.

As Earth became colder and continental ice sheets grew, further increase of δ18O was due in equal parts to deep ocean temperature change and ice mass change.

The main components of the cryosphere are mountain glaciers and ice caps, floating ice shelves and continental ice sheets, seasonal snow cover on land, frozen ground, sea ice and lake and river ice.

Deep ocean temperature is approximated as linearly proportional to the fraction of the heavy oxygen istotope (δ18O), though Hansen has concluded that the proportion depends on the size of the continental ice sheets.

Since the continental ice sheets of the last ice age melted over 6,000 years ago, net sea level rise has been quite small.