Sentences with phrase «contrasting effects on»

The direct CO2 - fertilisation impact and warming effect of rising atmospheric CO2 have contrasting effects on their dominant functional types (trees and C3 grasses may benefit from rising CO2 but not from warming; C4 grasses may benefit from warming, but not from CO2 - fertilisation), with uncertain, non-linear and rapid changes in ecosystem structure and carbon stocks likely.

Roundworm and hookworm infections are associated with contrasting effects on human reproduction.

Aerodynamics for this EV are enhanced with a closed radiator grille, while a Striking Yellow accent bar on the grille along with an E badge in the same shade gives a contrasting effect on the body.

Not exact matches

It may have to do with Addyi's high pricing (on par with Viagra at $ 26 per pill without an assistance program), its daily intake requirement (unlike Viagra, it adds up to $ 780 per month), its potentially deleterious side effects (low blood pressure and fainting), its restrictions on alcohol consumption (abstinence vs. large quantities not recommended for Viagra patients), a 10 % efficacy rate (whereas Viagra works 50 % of the time compared to a placebo, according to a recent study), and its subtle neurotransmitter - targeting mechanism (contrast that to the obvious hydraulics of Viagra).

[27] In contrast, the expected benefits of becoming informed are quite low, as most shareholders» holdings are too small to have significant effect on the vote's outcome.

They might not sound like the sexiest updates, but with brightness having been boosted 67 % and contrast ratios having risen by the same figure, the effect on the screen is stunning.

Indeed to see the divergent effects that a common mathematical background could have, it is instructive to contrast White - head and Russell, since during their extensive collaboration on the Principia they were both exposed to similar mathematical influences.

My experience includes the multiple contrast involved in my prehension of my actual world and the awareness of my freedom as an efficacious dominant occasion to control the activities of lower occasions, particularly those making up my motor responses and their effect on the world, but also including psychological responses.

In addition, the older Puritanism exercised a powerful effect on his imagination by its clarity, its drama, its understanding of evil, and its contrast to the bland optimism and secularizing, genteel Protestantism and liberalism of eastern New England in his time.

Polkinghorne's discussion of the resurrection focuses, in contrast, on general philosophical arguments to the effect that «in order to confirm... the claim that the integrity of personal experience itself, based as it is in the significance and value of individual men and women and the ultimate and total intelligibility of the universe, requires that there be an eternal ground of hope who is the giver and preserver of human individuality and the eternally faithful Carer for creation.»

A thought - provoking contrast in the effects of Christianity on the political life of Western Europe is seen in the Crusades, initiated (1095) by Urban II.

But mentality can discriminate either by ruling out, contradiction, or including, contrast, As mentality broadens, what were initially contradictions become contrasts.8 Mentality grows by the transmutation of contradiction into contrast, The increase in mental functioning begets in turn greater depth of contrast, which in its own turn further promotes mental functioning.9 This explains to some extent why it is not necessary to increase LSD dosage on subsequent occasions to promote greater effects.

The contrast of textures, cold glossy metal, brushed effect paper, wood grain veneer and the multiple areas of laser engraving further deliver on its luxury promise, yet ensuring the brand tradition never leaves the user experience.

By contrast, parents who are able to help their children handle stressful moments and calm themselves down after a tantrum or a scare often have a profoundly positive effect on the children's long - term ability to manage stress.

«By contrast, parents who are able to help their children handle stressful moments and calm themselves down after a tantrum or scare often have a profoundly positive effect on the children's long - term ability to manage stress,» writes Tough.

One randomized controlled trial comparing home - visited families with control participants who received other community services found a statistically significant difference in mean depressive symptoms at two years post-enrollment, but this contrast was nonsignificant at three years post - enrollment.15 A second study of Early Head Start found no differences in depressive symptoms between intervention and control group participants post-intervention, although a difference was detected at a longer - term follow - up prior to children's enrollment in kindergarten.10 Other randomized controlled trial studies have not found effects of home visitation on maternal depressive symptoms.12, 16,17

Physiologic studies have demonstrated that, in general, swaddling decreases startling, 301 increases sleep duration, and decreases spontaneous awakenings.310 Swaddling also decreases arousability (ie, increases cortical arousal thresholds) to a nasal pulsatile air - jet stimulus, especially in infants who are easily arousable when not swaddled but less so in infants who have high arousal thresholds when not swaddled.301 One study found decreased arousability in infants at 3 months of age who were not usually swaddled and then were swaddled but found no effect on arousability in routinely swaddled infants.301 In contrast, another group of investigators showed decreased arousal thresholds310 and increases in autonomic (subcortical) responses311 to an auditory stimulus when swaddled.

Urinary incontinence (UI) has an effect on quality of life during the postpartum period.1, 2 Fear of UI is one of the most common reasons for maternal demand for cesarean delivery.3, 4 The muscle strength of the pelvic floor returns to the antepartum value 6 — 10 weeks postpartum in most women.5, 6 However, UI symptoms after delivery do not resolve in the long term in some women.7, 8 Studies have variously concluded that the prevalence of UI changed9 or did not change within 6 months or 1 year postpartum.10, 11 A higher prevalence or incidence of UI has been observed in women who had a vaginal delivery than in women who underwent cesarean delivery.10 — 18 In contrast, a recent study found that vaginal delivery was not associated with postpartum UI.19 The long - term protective effect of cesarean delivery has not been determined.20 Validated and reliable questionnaires to evaluate UI, including severity and quality of life, are needed for postpartum evaluation.21 However, comparisons of UI severity and the effect on daily life between women who have had vaginal and cesarean deliveries are scarce.22

In New York, by contrast, most consumers who qualify for cost - sharing are enrolled in the Essential Plan, so the end of the program would have relatively little effect on commercial premiums.

After plugging all this information into computer models, they found that access to scientific information has a minimal effect on the public's opinion about climate change, while weather extremes have no noticeable effect whatsoever (which slightly contrasts with a 2011 study).

In contrast, the assignment showed no effect on white students.

By contrast, the HMS team homed in on one microbe at a time and its effects on nearly all immune cells and intestinal genes, an approach that offers a more precise understanding of the interplay between individual gut microbes and their hosts.

(By contrast, the historical record indicates that the traditional El Niño, which occurs in the eastern Pacific, has little effect on rainfall levels in the subcontinent.)

In contrast, the researchers found that even if infants had been close to a wildfire while in utero, there was no statistically significant effect on their birthweight if they were outside the smoke's path.

In contrast, «India's investment in higher education hasn't yet had much effect on graduate education, Blumenthal says.

The results contrast with previous studies that looked at the effects of enduring hearing loss — rather than recurring hearing loss — on brain development.

In addition to the effects on patient care, the study may also have a major impact on the contrast agent industry.

In contrast to reefs across the globe, which have suffered severe and continuing damage due to the combined effects of climate change and local disturbances, the researchers found that the coral communities on most of the reefs they looked at had recovered rapidly from this major «bleaching» event.

Surprisingly, and in contrast to previous studies, profit - related pay and employee share - ownership had a mix of negative and no significant effects on attitudes.

By contrast, Miller says, greater levels of enforcement in Niger's national park were associated with sharply decreasing income levels among park neighbors but did not have as statistically significant effect on wildlife populations.

Azim Shariff, a psychologist at the University of Oregon in Eugene, says it contrasts with his analysis that, taken as a whole, previous research found no overall effect of religion on adults faced with these kind of moral tests.

In contrast to observations of the first year of the experiment published in 2012, the researchers now observe that evolution amplifies the negative effects on the microalgae's calcification.

«This is in contrast to a handful of previous smaller studies which have shown some positive effects on repetitive behaviours, social memory and emotion processing.

In contrast, the scientists found that capsaicin had no effect on the perception of the saltiness of sodium chloride.

Changing Mondrian's colours has a similar effect: in one example, a large square of red in one corner is offset by a small dark blue square on the opposite side, which contrasts more strongly with the surrounding white.

By contrast, the R206H ACVR1 mutant only slightly enhances the expression of initial and early chondrogenesis markers (collagen type II and aggrecan), consistent with a milder stimulatory effect of the FOP ACVR1 mutation on chondrocyte differentiation.

In contrast, Jaber et al. (2014), using pentobarbital anesthetic, reported that ODS injection in rats had no effect on chorda tympani responses.

Various aerosols also rise up in the atmosphere, but their net effect on global warming or cooling is still uncertain, as some aerosols reflect sunlight away from Earth, and others, in contrast, trap warmth in the atmosphere.

Dr. Curtis Adams, Texas A&M AgriLife Research crop physiologist, Vernon, tested the effects of contrasting soils, a sandy loam and a clay loam, and Rhizobium inoculants on nodulation and plant growth in two guar varieties in the greenhouse.

Emory neuropsychologist Dan Drane, who probes the effects of epilepsy surgery on memory and language abilities, had identified Olds as a good example of how the more precise stereotactic laser ablation procedure pioneered by Gross can preserve those cognitive functions, in contrast to an open resection.

An In Vivo Evaluation of the Effect of Repeated Administration and Clearance of Targeted Contrast Agents on Molecular Imaging Signal Enhancement Jason E. Streeter, Paul A. Dayton Theranostics 2013; 3 (2): 93 - 98.

In stark contrast to other studies, where imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were found to be toxic to bumblebee colonies, this study raises the possibility that clothianidin may not exert the same sub-lethal effects on bumblebee learning and memory and so might not be toxic to bumblebee colonies.

The contrast between the effects of these transfers on immunity and lack of immune activation by wAu transferred to D. melanogaster could be explained in various ways.

«Deficient neuron - microglia signaling results in impaired functional brain connectivity and social behavior» Y. Zhan, R.C. Paolicelli, F. Sforazzini, L. Weinhard, G. Bolasco, F. Pagani, A. L. Vyssotski, A. Bifone, A. Gozzi, D. Ragozzino, C.T. Gross Nature Neuroscience 17 (3), 400-4006 (2014) «USPIO - loaded Red Blood Cells as a biomimetic MR contrast agent: a relaxometric study» A. Boni, D. Ceratti, A. Antonelli, C. Sfara, M. Magnani, E. Manuali, S. Salamida, A. Gozzi, and A. Bifone Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging 9, 229 - 236 (2014) «Distributed BOLD and CBV - weighted resting - state networks in the mouse brain» F. Sforazzini, A.J. Schwarz, A. Galbusera, A. Bifone, and A. Gozzi NeuroImage 87, 403 - 415 (2014) «Antimicrobial peptides design by evolutionary multiobject optimization» G. Maccari, M. Di Luca, R. Nifosì, F. Caldarelli, G. Signore, C. Boccardi, and A. Bifone PloS Computational Biology 9 (9): e1003212 (2013) «Differential effect of orexin - 1 and crf - 1 antagonism on stress circuits: a fMRI study in the rat with the pharmacological stressor yohimbine» A. Gozzi, S: Lepore, E: Merlo Pich, and A. Bifone Neuropsychopharmacology 38 (11): 2120 - 2130 (2013) «Water dispersal and functionalization of hydrophobic iron oxide nanoparticles with lipid - modified poly (amidoamine) dendrimers» A. Boni, L. Albertazzi, C. Innocenti, M. Gemmi, and A.contrast agent: a relaxometric study» A. Boni, D. Ceratti, A. Antonelli, C. Sfara, M. Magnani, E. Manuali, S. Salamida, A. Gozzi, and A. Bifone Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging 9, 229 - 236 (2014) «Distributed BOLD and CBV - weighted resting - state networks in the mouse brain» F. Sforazzini, A.J. Schwarz, A. Galbusera, A. Bifone, and A. Gozzi NeuroImage 87, 403 - 415 (2014) «Antimicrobial peptides design by evolutionary multiobject optimization» G. Maccari, M. Di Luca, R. Nifosì, F. Caldarelli, G. Signore, C. Boccardi, and A. Bifone PloS Computational Biology 9 (9): e1003212 (2013) «Differential effect of orexin - 1 and crf - 1 antagonism on stress circuits: a fMRI study in the rat with the pharmacological stressor yohimbine» A. Gozzi, S: Lepore, E: Merlo Pich, and A. Bifone Neuropsychopharmacology 38 (11): 2120 - 2130 (2013) «Water dispersal and functionalization of hydrophobic iron oxide nanoparticles with lipid - modified poly (amidoamine) dendrimers» A. Boni, L. Albertazzi, C. Innocenti, M. Gemmi, and A.Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging 9, 229 - 236 (2014) «Distributed BOLD and CBV - weighted resting - state networks in the mouse brain» F. Sforazzini, A.J. Schwarz, A. Galbusera, A. Bifone, and A. Gozzi NeuroImage 87, 403 - 415 (2014) «Antimicrobial peptides design by evolutionary multiobject optimization» G. Maccari, M. Di Luca, R. Nifosì, F. Caldarelli, G. Signore, C. Boccardi, and A. Bifone PloS Computational Biology 9 (9): e1003212 (2013) «Differential effect of orexin - 1 and crf - 1 antagonism on stress circuits: a fMRI study in the rat with the pharmacological stressor yohimbine» A. Gozzi, S: Lepore, E: Merlo Pich, and A. Bifone Neuropsychopharmacology 38 (11): 2120 - 2130 (2013) «Water dispersal and functionalization of hydrophobic iron oxide nanoparticles with lipid - modified poly (amidoamine) dendrimers» A. Boni, L. Albertazzi, C. Innocenti, M. Gemmi, and A. Bifone.

Normally, functional MRI relies on an endogenous contrast mechanism, the BOLD effect, which results in very small MR signal changes (only a few percent, at best).

In contrast, VPA administration from the day of transplantation had no effect on the control of leukemia, and ∼ 40 % of VPA recipients survived free of leukemia (Fig. 5B — D).

These results contrast with traditional knockout mice, where compensatory mechanisms mean that knockout of either PDS95 or PDS93 have no effect on synaptic transmission (Elias 2006).

Note that this effect of size on the perceived contrast can not be explained by the finite resolution of the visual system, because we used disks with angular diameter much larger than that of the Airy disk, and the effect was exactly the same for disks of the two different diameters we used.

These side by side microscopic images reveal the dramatic effect that a novel mechanotherapy has on muscle regeneration over a period of two weeks: no treatment is pictured (left) in contrast to direct mechanical stimulation of the muscle (right).

Treatment with 8 - pCPT - O - Me - cAMP, in contrast, had no effect on Oct4 reporter transactivation (p > 0.05, untreated vs. 8 - pCPT).