Sentences with phrase «control cell responses»

They also have varying effects if they act on different receptors — proteins in cell membranes that bind neurotransmitters and control cell responses.

Not exact matches

CRAC channels control the entry of calcium into immune and other cell types, and calcium is an important intracellular signaling molecule that modulates cytokine production and the immune response.

They discovered a population of NKT cells that have a gene that controls so - called regulatory T - cells, whose role is to suppress the immune response.

«If we learn how to control dendritic cells, we could strengthen our immune response to infection when needed, or weaken the action of certain immune cells that attack the body's own tissues in autoimmune disease.»

There is evidence to suggest the gene originally controlled stem cells or immune response, and was only later co-opted to defend animals against rogue cells when they became large and long - lived.

She also sought out genes that controlled the switch for maturation of T helper cells, maintaining just the right balance of T helpers — between Th1 cells that suppress allergic responses and Th2 cells that trigger them.

They showed that ZIKV infection of cortical progenitors (stem cells for cortical neurons) controlling neurogenesis triggers a stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (where some of the cellular proteins and lipids are synthetized) in the embryonic brain, inducing signals in response to incorrect protein con - formation (referred to as «unfolded protein response»).

«We were fascinated to find that, without the influence of Myb, Treg cells would allow the immune response to spin out of control, resulting in severe inflammation pretty much everywhere — whether in the lungs, liver, intestine or skin,» she said.

They demonstrated that non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice treated with a specific (AID / RAD51) pathway inhibitor had larger populations of certain B cells that were capable of suppressing diabetogenic T cell responses, and greatly reduced T1D development, compared with untreated controls.

Preclinical findings revealed that Myb gives immune cells called regulatory T (Treg) cells the «authority» to control the strength of the immune response depending on the level of «threat», from minor infections to aggressive diseases.

Other proteins work as muscles, control metabolism and immune response, or transport oxygen in the red blood cells.

By carefully controlling the composition of the droplets and the strength of the magnetic field, the forces applied by the droplet can be controlled, and the response of the surrounding tissue reveals its mechanical characteristics as well as the cues that cells are exposed to as the tissue grows.

«Stress response networks control the life vs. death decision in cells, and since a diseased cell is nowhere near its comfort zone, rewiring its stress responses allows it to avoid or delay cell death even when conditions are adverse.

Auxin controls a range of responses in plants, including cell and tissue growth and normal development.

This study, published recently in PLOS Genetics, shows that in the particular case of meiotic cells such as spermatocytes, the signalling route of the ATM protein also participates in the control system of the cell cycle progression in response to DNA damage, something which until now was unknown.

Innate immune cells control the immediate response to an infection, including neutrophils and macrophages, Curtis explained.

Moffitt Cancer Center researchers have discovered a novel mechanism that controls a cell's response to DNA damage.

Under normal conditions, T - cells and other immune cells collaborate to mount an immune response to invading mycobacteria, ultimately controlling their growth.

However, Dr Pullen and his team present evidence that plant growth is actually «sink - limited,» meaning that genetic regulation and cell division rates have a much bigger role in controlling plant growth than previously thought: «We are proposing that plant growth is not physically limited by Net Primary Productivity (NPP) or the environment, but instead is limited genetically in response to these signals to ensure they do not become limiting.»

A certain cytokine, or small protein that helps cells communicate during immune responses, can control whether immune cells promote or suppress inflammatory bowel disease, a finding that could lead to new treatments, according to a study led by Georgia State University.

JAK1 is part of a well - studied regulatory network of proteins that is involved in the control of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and immune response.

Their results demonstrate that specific rhoptry and dense granule effector proteins that T. gondii secretes before and after host cell invasion, respectively, control the development of an effective host antitumor response, and increase the survival of mice with ovarian tumors.

controls whether T cells, which play an active role in immune responses, become aggressive or suppressive.

The secretory capacity of a cell is controlled by a process known as the unfolded protein response (UPR).

These receptors detect viral RNA and signal an innate immune response inside the cell that is essential for limiting and controlling viral infections.

Using near - infrared light, researchers have shown they can selectively activate an immune response by controlling the flow of calcium ions into the cell.

For most available T cell immunotherapies, T cells (which play a central role in defending the body against illness) are engineered to recognize and eliminate tumors, but their activity is not specifically controlled, leading to toxicity and unwanted side effects in patients as a result of inflammation or in some cases suboptimal response to treatment.

In a new study published in Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, researchers found that inosine, a naturally occurring purine nucleoside that is released by cells in response to metabolic stress, can help to restore motor control after brain injury.

«ILCs and T cells appear very different, but in the end, the way they control key responses is amazingly similar,» said Han - Yu Shih, Ph.D., a post-doctoral fellow at NIAMS and first author of the paper.

New research shows that all - trans - retinoic acid (atRA), the active form of vitamin A, regulates immune system responses in the mouse intestine by controlling expression of the protein HIC1 in cells known as innate lymphoid cells.

This result reflected earlier findings that ILC and T cell subclasses produce similar sets of cytokines, but also revealed differences in how the two cell types control the activities of these key immune response genes.

An international research team headed by the rheumatologist Dr Andreas Ramming at Friedrich - Alexander - Universität Erlangen - Nürnberg (FAU) has now managed to identify an immune system cell type that can be used in a targeted attempt to control the inflammatory response in arthritis patients.

Researchers compared the inflammatory response of control - treated versus simvastatin - treated cells to RV by measuring CXCL10 secretion, an implicated therapeutic target for virus - induced asthma exacerbations.

The team, led by Stephen Liberles, Harvard Medical School associate professor of cell biology, has effectively deconstructed the vagus nerve, a key connection between body and brain that is important because it controls not only breathing but also heart rate, feeding behavior and responses to illness.

Because these islets carried the kind of peptide that spleen cells use to reeducate the immune system, they were able both to control blood sugar and to end the autoimmune response.

One of the immunotherapeutic approaches that has been explored thus far relies on the use of monoclonal antibodies that specifically target a protein present on the surface of prostate cancer cells called prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) to elicit an anti-tumor immune response and control the cancer.

RNA is a fundamental molecule that codes for protein and controls gene expression, playing a part in regulating many cell responses and vital processes.

In the case of planarians, the gene egr - 4 seems to perform an early control of cell proliferation as a response to amputation, and be involved later in the early differentiation of brain during regeneration.

To study this barrier and determine why a lack of blood flow causes it to leak, the researchers built a blood - vessel - on - a-chip model consisting of a channel lined with a layer of human endothelial cells surrounded by extracellular matrix within a microfluidic device, which allowed them to easily simulate and control the flow of blood through a vessel and evaluate the cells» responses.

T, B, and NK cell counts and function, including antigen - specific responses, were comparable to those of age - matched controls.

The idea is that the cells elicit an immune response that spirals out of control, attacking the child's own tissue.

It sits on the DNA in a cell, controlling thousands of genes by switching them on or off in response to outside signals.

However, by determining that protein translation is intimately connected to HSF1 activity, Whitehead scientists may have identified an approach to controlling cancer cells» overactive heat shock response.

ERC Starting Grant Dr. Cristina García - CáceresIn the funded project Dr. Cristina García - Cáceres and her team are investigating how brain cells called astrocytes cooperate with neurons in the control of systemic metabolism in response to hormones and nutrients.

«Although both anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 improved tumor rejection, mice treated with anti-CTLA-4 exhibited superior tumor control, suggesting the memory T - cell response by this agent is more durable,» said Allison.

Now, Professor Martin and colleagues have discovered that in response to specific types of cell damage, Parkin can trigger the self - destruction of «injured» nerve cells by switching on a controlled process of «cellular suicide» called apoptosis.

GR is part of a family of steroid receptor proteins that control cells» responses to hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and aldosterone.

Investigating conventional MHC - restricted T cell responses specific for tumor - associated peptide antigens, and local immune contextures, in mediating cancer control in patients following neoadjuvant (per - surgery) therapy.

Specifically, TheraT ® has proven to be safe in animals as well as capable of eliciting uniquely potent antigen - specific CD8 + cytotoxic T cell responses and strong tumor control in mice.

We attempt to understand how the organisation of chromatin determines the epigenetic control of T cell responses in vitro and in vivo.