Sentences with phrase «control genes in our cells»

Scientists from the Babraham Institute near Cambridge in collaboration with colleagues from Brazil (here and here) and Italy have discovered a way that good bacteria in the gut can control genes in our cells.

Not exact matches

What all these have in common is that, without any central control, individual units (genes, cells neurons or workers) respond to simple, local information, in ways that allow the whole system (cells, brains, organisms or colonies) to function: the appropriate number of units performs each activity at the appropriate time.

The shared patterns of gene expression in the limbs and phallus are generated in part by a common set of noncoding DNA, also called «elements» or «enhancers,» which act to control gene expression in both of these structures, argues a study published October 1 in Developmental Cell.

The brainlike structures created from cells taken from autistic children showed increased activity in genes that control brain - cell growth and development.

«The key point here is that we can say something about how the gene acts to influence this behavior — that is, is by functioning as a chemical messenger in cells that control this behavior in the brain.

In his second semester, he started doing research in three different labs, including that of Carolyn Decker, a molecular biologist who was investigating how the cell controls gene expression through the destruction of messenger RNIn his second semester, he started doing research in three different labs, including that of Carolyn Decker, a molecular biologist who was investigating how the cell controls gene expression through the destruction of messenger RNin three different labs, including that of Carolyn Decker, a molecular biologist who was investigating how the cell controls gene expression through the destruction of messenger RNA.

As might be expected of an autoimmune disease, where the immune system turns on healthy tissue, all the genes play a role in controlling the growth and multiplication of cells in the immune system.

Several pint - size projects are in development, including gene chips, protein arrays, stem cell controls and electronic circuits.

Next, Anderson and his colleagues used a set of genetic tools to identify exactly which neurons were responsible for the effect on aggression and to see if the gene that encodes for Tk also controls aggressive behavior by acting in that cell.

The most common mutations, occurring in five of the women, occurred in genes including ARID1A, PIK3CA, KRAS and PPP2R1A, all known for controlling cell growth, cell invasion and DNA damage repair.

The researchers then examined a number of DNA variants in the protein production - control region of the bellwether gene in cell cultures.

The gene makes a protein that controls the quantities of other proteins a cell produces, and studies in roundworms suggest that the gene is involved in growth and development throughout life.

Running their computer algorithm, the biologists found that 5300 genes contained complementary sequences to an miRNA — suggesting that the miRNA could control that gene's expression, they report in the 14 January Cell.

The findings by a team of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) investigators, which will be published in the April 24 issue of Cell and are receiving advance online release, support the importance of epigenetics — processes controlling whether or not genes are expressed — in cancer pathology and identify molecular circuits that may be targeted by new therapeutic approaches.

Although the regulation of this gene has a strong «cell cycle control» component, I was more interested in studying cell cycle regulation «proper.»

The researchers demonstrated that blocking the PGD enzyme genetically or with a pharmacologic inhibitor reversed the epigenetic reprogramming and malignant gene expression changes detected in distant metastases, and also strongly inhibited their tumor - forming capacity, with no effect on normal cells or peritoneal pancreatic cancer controls.

When Murphy compared the genes turned off and on in oocytes and body cells of the same worm, however, she saw that two completely different sets of genes controlled oocyte and body - cell aging in C. elegans.

They found numerous genes activated in the XYL regulon - controlled yeast that upregulated pathways involved in growth, such as cell wall maintenance, cell division, mitochondrial biogenesis and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.

The newly unmasked genes play a role in three distinctively different bodily functions, including systems that control inflammation and cholesterol and the regulation of how brain cells clean up toxic proteins.

By providing a woman's family history of these cancers, including the ages they were diagnosed, the programs calculate a probability that the patient carries a harmful mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (genes involved in controlling malignant cell growth).

Even after the cells were taken out of microgravity for up to 30 generations before being combined with the control strain, they maintained 72 per cent of their adaptive advantage, pointing to permanent mutations in the genes rather than merely a temporary adjustment.

Other techniques exist for remotely controlling the activity of cells or the expression of genes in living animals.

The control mice, with all genes intact, should have lost sight as photo - receptors — the light - sensitive cells in the retina — died.

Among all the genes that control endocytosis, the authors of the study focused specifically on one, called RAB7; this gene is highly expressed in melanoma cells.

These play a key role in controlling gene expression and, thereby help regulate the cell's development, growth and function.

SIX3 and a related gene, SIX2, with a similar pattern of expression in human beta cells, encode proteins known as transcription factors that control the expression of many other genes in the cell.

Somehow, scientists know, the genes that control development — generally turned off in adult cells — get turned back on again by the oocyte, enabling the cell to take on the youthful potential of a newly fertilized egg.

Decades of work in developmental biology have provided a start: Biologists have used mutant frogs, flies, mice, chicks, and fish to identify some of the main genes that control a developing cell's decision to become a bone cell or a muscle cell.

They discovered that genetic variation influencing a person's risk for multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1diabetes is more likely to control gene activity in T cells than in monocytes.

CELLS GONE WILD Turning off the gene Apc in mouse intestinal cells in a culture dish spurs out - of - control cell growth (left panel, pCELLS GONE WILD Turning off the gene Apc in mouse intestinal cells in a culture dish spurs out - of - control cell growth (left panel, pcells in a culture dish spurs out - of - control cell growth (left panel, pink).

Dr Nadeau added «Our results are even more surprising because the cortex gene was previously thought to only be involved in producing egg cells in female insects, and is very similar to a gene that controls cell division in everything from yeast to humans.»

Klingelhutz and his team immortalized immature precursor fat cells by adding in two genes from HPV (the virus that causes cervical cancer) along with a gene for part of an enzyme that controls the length of cells» telomeres — the pieces of DNA that protect chromosome tips from deterioration.

Scientists have discovered a way in which proteins in our cells help to control genes in our DNA, which are involved in forming muscle.

«Previous techniques that have been used to investigate DNA control sequences usually rely on sorting cells one by one and measuring gene activity in each of them,» says Dr Eva Yus, lead author of the paper.

But while this study has proved that the technique works in a simple organism, it could also be applied to other bacterial species, yeast or even human cells to find useful information about how genes are controlled and how they can be manipulated.

«Potentially reversible changes in gene control «prime» pancreatic cancer cells to spread: Epigenetic changes, not DNA mutations, drive some metastasis.»

In a step toward accelerating the production of new gene therapies, scientists report in ACS Nano that they have developed remote - controlled, needle - like nanospears capable of piercing membrane walls and delivering DNA into selected cellIn a step toward accelerating the production of new gene therapies, scientists report in ACS Nano that they have developed remote - controlled, needle - like nanospears capable of piercing membrane walls and delivering DNA into selected cellin ACS Nano that they have developed remote - controlled, needle - like nanospears capable of piercing membrane walls and delivering DNA into selected cells.

The drug, lapatinib, activates the suppressor called FOXO, in HER2 + breast cancer cells, but then FOXO becomes a turncoat molecule, working with an epigenetic regulator that controls gene expression.

«Because many broadly expressed genes that play key roles in essential cellular functions are under the control of cell - specific enhancers, the ability to affect enhancer function by knocking down eRNAs could potentially provide a new strategy for altering gene expression in vivo in a cell - specific manner,» said Glass, noting that in his research, anti-sense oligonucleotides were developed in conjunction with Isis Pharmaceuticals, which suppressed enhancer activity and reduced expression in nearby genes.

It plays an important role in how cells sense their neighbors and, by controlling gene expression, determines which cells should develop into different types and how much they should grow - like a master controller.»

All of the diseases, which cause the death of brain cells involved in controlling body movements, have recently been traced to specific genes.

Previously, cancer researchers surmised that since chromosomal ends get swapped in ALT, mutation of genes that restrain DNA exchange, a process scientists call recombination, might actually cause the condition (or, to extend the ping - pong metaphor, make cells lose paddle control).

Further studies showed that very similar genes controlled the process in animal and human cells, and also helped piece together how the genes work together to keep the cell's recycling centers running.

This result reflected earlier findings that ILC and T cell subclasses produce similar sets of cytokines, but also revealed differences in how the two cell types control the activities of these key immune response genes.

Thus, this cDNA derives from a gene (oct - 2) that specifies an octamer binding protein expressed preferentially in B lymphocytes, proving that, for at least one gene, a cell - specific transcription factor exists and its amount is controlled through messenger RNA availability.

Many researchers think that it participates in controlling the activities of genes and in helping the 1 metre of DNA present in each cell to twist and pack itself into the cell's minute nucleus.

The researchers used tools of epigenomic analysis to trace the specific epigenetic switches controlling each of thousands of genes in both mouse and human retinal cells as the cells progressed through development.

These include proteins which control important processes in the cells, for example the transcription factors which activate genes for the production of new proteins.

Joining forces with dermatologists and oncologists from the University Hospital in Zurich and backed by the University Research Priority Program «Translational Cancer Research,» Sommer's team was able to demonstrate that, in melanoma cells, the epigenetic factor EZH2 controls genes that govern tumor growth as well as genes that are important for the formation of metastases.

- catenin pathway activates certain lncRNAs to directly control gene expression in skin fibroblast cells.»