Sentences with phrase «control group of participants»

It did not include a control group of participants who did not change their diet, which would have helped isolate the effects of the lifestyle modifications.

A control group of participants with low - back pain underwent similar clinical examinations but did not receive spinal manipulation.

Each of the studies included a control group of participants who ate a diet high in saturated fats, constituting from 14 to 24 percent of their total energy intake.

Not exact matches

The data sets aren't huge — 232 participants in October before the election and 152 after, with a total of 772 negotiations recorded — and there may be some other difference that explains the later group's more aggressive behavior, though Low tried to control for factors, like party affiliation, that might offer alternate explanations for the shift.

«The participants who'd completed the gratitude task months earlier not only reported feeling more gratefulness two weeks after the task than members of the control group, but also, months later, showed more gratitude - related brain activity in the scanner.

The participants then followed one of three protocols — the first control group did nothing in particular, the second exercised for 35 minutes 40 minutes after studying, while the third group exercised for the same amount of time four hours later.

The scientists found that 89 % of participants on the intervention diet achieved satisfactory glycaemic control, whereby glycated haemoglobin fell below the 7 % threshold, compared to 50 % from the control group.

Study participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: those who were allowed to drink diet beverages, such as diet soft drinks, teas and flavoured waters, or those who were in a control group that drank water only.

Other difficulties when conducting or evaluating research in this area include ensuring the equivalency of the control and experimental groups in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 10 controlling for participant attrition (which may affect the validity of findings by reducing group equivalence) and missed visits (which may affect validity by reducing program intensity), 11 documenting that the program was fully and accurately implemented, and determining whether the program's theory of change logically connects program activities with intended outcomes.

One randomized controlled trial comparing home - visited families with control participants who received other community services found a statistically significant difference in mean depressive symptoms at two years post-enrollment, but this contrast was nonsignificant at three years post - enrollment.15 A second study of Early Head Start found no differences in depressive symptoms between intervention and control group participants post-intervention, although a difference was detected at a longer - term follow - up prior to children's enrollment in kindergarten.10 Other randomized controlled trial studies have not found effects of home visitation on maternal depressive symptoms.12, 16,17

A series of randomized control trials of a nurse home visitation program show a range of positive effects on maternal health, including decreases in prenatal cigarette smoking, fewer hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, and fewer closely spaced subsequent pregnancies., A randomized control study of another program that works with a particularly high - risk population found that participant mothers showed significantly lower depressive symptoms than those in the control group and were less likely to report feeling stressed a year after participation.

In another trial of the same program, participants were twice as likely to be employed as the control group at their child's second birthday.

65 % and 9 % of experimental (team) and control (standard) group participants had previously met midwife attending labour.

In order to avoid «double counting» in studies involving one control group and two different interventions groups, we split the control group number of events and participants in half, so that we could include two independent comparisons, as per methods described the Handbook [section16.5.4].

Interestingly, for a third group of participants who were given only a perfunctory summary of the policy and no information about the distribution of benefits, opinion became even more favourable toward the HMID and other regressive policies than for the control group who were given no information at all.

Participants in the control group wrote essays about neutral topics, such as «What is your idea of a perfect vacation.»

Participants were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil; a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts; or counseling on a low - fat diet (control group).

A subset of 30 participants in each group also carried out a task designed to assess the balance of goal - directed and habitual behavioural control.

In fact, though, study participants with disrupted activity in the brain's impulse control center were 50 percent more generous than members of the control group.

The other half of study participants served as a control group and took part in an online program unrelated to sexuality or sexual health.

«We hypothesized that yoga participants would show lower depression severity over time as assessed by the Quick Inventory of Depression Symptomatology (QIDS), as well as better social and role functioning, better general health perceptions and physical functioning, and less physical pain relative to the control group,» said Dr. Uebelacker.

Participants who understood BRONCANTO's rules exhibited very different reactions to sentences containing an error in sentence structure or grammar than did members of the control group: initially, upon hearing a blunder, the electrical impulses to one region of the brain decreased.

However, some caution in the interpretation of the results is necessary, as underlined in an accompanying editorial by Salvatore Petta, MD, PhD, of the Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Di.Bi.M.I.S., University of Palermo, Italy, and Giulio Marchesini, MD, of the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), «Alma Mater» University, Bologna, Italy., In fact, the study included only an elderly Caucasian population and there were few participants in the no - coffee or no - tea control groups, which limit a straightforward conclusion about the effect of coffee and tea on the liver..

As a control group, the rest of the participants were told that they were on a waiting list for the program.

For both groups, the results were compared with five days of the participants» usual method of controlling the disease — finger - prick blood tests and a manual insulin pump.

Those who had exercised or meditated suffered for an average of five days; colds of participants in the control group lasted eight.

«The shift in assertiveness is small — HEART participants were 5 percent more assertive than the control group — but one of the key findings here is that a short, one - time intervention can have a measureable impact on behavior,» Widman says.

The participants were divided into three groups: two e-cig groups, which were allowed to vape and smoke tobacco cigarettes for the first two months of the study, and a control group that only had access to tobacco.

Øyvind Holme, M.D., of the Sorlandet Hospital Kristiansand, Kristiansand, Norway and colleagues randomly assigned study participants in Norway to receive once - only flexible sigmoidoscopy (n = 10, 283); a combination of once - only flexible sigmoidoscopy and fecal occult blood testing (FOBT; n = 10,289), or no intervention (control group; n = 78,220).

After a median of 11 years, 71 participants died of colorectal cancer in the screening groups vs 330 in the control group.

A third group of 10 able - bodied participants served as a control group.

The researchers found no increase in the cycling activity among the participants of the control group during the same period.

In a second phase of the study, the control group was given e-cigs and all participants were monitored for a period of six months via a web tool, where they regularly logged their vaping and smoking habits.

Participants were randomized into two groups — those who participated in twice - weekly strength training and 2.5 hr / wk of moderate - intensive aerobic exercise — and those who did no exercise (control group).

Using an independent group of 1602 MDD patients and 1390 control participants from the RADIANT - UK study, the researchers also replicated their finding that patients with a high number of DSM symptoms have increased genetic risk for schizophrenia.

Study participants were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups for six months: (1) oral estradiol and progesterone at a dose similar to that in many birth control pills (16 participants); (2) transdermal estradiol, better known as the estrogen patch, at a physiological replacement dose with cyclic progesterone (13 athletes); or (3) no estrogen (19 subjects).

For the test, the participants were divided into three groups — those diagnosed with MCI or had a family history of Alzheimer's disease, and two control groups, young adults and older adults, without a family history of the disease.

Freeman and colleagues including lead author Justin Centi and co-senior author Alice Cronin - Golomb, PhD, director of the Vision and Cognition Laboratory and Center for Clinical Biopsychology and a professor of psychological and brain sciences at Boston University, divided 55 volunteers into three study groups: 18 patients with both PD and OH, 19 patients with PD but without OH, and 18 control participants with neither PD nor OH.

Three groups of participants were used in the study: people with mild - to - moderate hearing loss and mild tinnitus; people with mild - to - moderate hearing loss without tinnitus; and a control group of age - matched people without hearing loss or tinnitus.

By testing cycling time to task failure (TTF) in a group of 12 active participants in a placebo controlled study, Dr Mauger discovered that stimulating the brain by passing a mild electrical current (transcranial direct current stimulation or tDCS) over the scalp to stimulate it increased the activity of the area associated with muscle contraction.

The report also found lending circles helped participants reduce outstanding debt by an average of $ 1,000 versus a control group that increased its debt by an average of almost $ 3,000 over the same time period.

Further, 59 percent of participants in the second study said they were significantly more likely than a control group that wasn't screened to take legal action against the company for invasion of privacy.

In a pilot study reported last year in Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, the researchers assigned participants to either a control group or to six sessions of mindfulness - based therapy over three weeks.

A control group of nine individuals were provided sham neurofeedback — they performed the same tasks as the other group, but the feedback came not from them but from a random participant.

The study was the first randomized - controlled trial to examine the potential benefits of the low fat diet on the management of MS.. The study found no significant differences between the two groups in brain lesions detected on MRI brain scans or on other measures of MS.. But while the number of trial participants was relatively small, study leaders believe the significantly improved fatigue symptoms merited further and larger studies of the diet.

The scientific team conducted two different analyses of blood samples involving two cohorts of study participants: 147 toddlers (91 with ASD, 56 control) in the first group, 73 toddlers (44 ASD, 29 control) in the second group.

Their control group consisted of 800 participants who were not affected by a malignancy.

Their most powerful tool in this job is the randomized controlled trial, a type of experiment in which researchers separate participants into two or more groups and subject some of them to the intervention to be studied, like a new drug or surgical procedure.

In all, 48 % of the participants died, which is similar to the mortality rate in the historical control group.

In this study, 41 rural towns (including a total of 77,658 newborns over the study period) were randomized to the intervention (HBV vaccination for all newborns) or control (no vaccination) groups, with two - thirds of the control group participants receiving a catch - up vaccination at age 10 - 14 years.