Sentences with phrase «controlling gene functions»

The technology to program the cells included optogenetics (a way to control cells with light) a programming language for cells called Cello that Voigt and his team developed last year and a new method for controlling gene functions known as CRISPR.

«Light can be utilized to control gene function.»

Not exact matches

In other words, they now have total control over that genome and can examine the function of every gene, seeing if each part of the genome serves a biological function or is redundant.

What all these have in common is that, without any central control, individual units (genes, cells neurons or workers) respond to simple, local information, in ways that allow the whole system (cells, brains, organisms or colonies) to function: the appropriate number of units performs each activity at the appropriate time.

Using gene - sequencing technology, researchers established that the precise segment of the pup's DNA «switched on» by the act of grooming was the part that controlled the future function of the hippocampus, which processes stress hormones.

The scientists also discovered that the stem cells released tiny packets of microRNA, bits of genetic material that control how genes function.

«The key point here is that we can say something about how the gene acts to influence this behavior — that is, is by functioning as a chemical messenger in cells that control this behavior in the brain.

Since beginning a lab dedicated to understanding cancer metastasis at Rockefeller six years ago, Associate Professor Sohail Tavazoie has found that microRNAs — tiny strands of RNA that function as switches to inactivate specific genes — play an important role in controlling genes linked to metastasis.

The newly unmasked genes play a role in three distinctively different bodily functions, including systems that control inflammation and cholesterol and the regulation of how brain cells clean up toxic proteins.

These play a key role in controlling gene expression and, thereby help regulate the cell's development, growth and function.

These two areas, though, are linked in more ways than just function — the same gene controls the size of each area, Salk researchers led by Dennis O'Leary have now discovered.

One gene that controls this pathway, HDAC7, is known to be a key factor in immune tolerance and the new data strongly suggests exploring the possibility that drugs affecting HDAC7 function may serve as future therapeutics in PSC.

In contrast, some paternally expressed genes favor growth of the hypothalamus, which controls unconscious body functions.

We know that Hox genes encode transcription factors that control the activity of other genes, but we found that digit - innervating motor neurons also express other genes, such as FIGN and CNEP4], and we still don't know the function of any of these other genes.

Significantly, treatment with 6AN specifically decreased the activity of genes with malignant, cancer - spreading functions, like cell cycle control and DNA repair.

While their preliminary experiments suggest the genes help control fluid levels in the cornea, Iyengar cautions that additional laboratory models will be needed to pinpoint their precise functions.

Optogenetic methods and tools have evolved fast, and in addition to be able to control cellular activity, researchers can now control the activity of gene function.

Among the approximately 100 imprinted genes discovered so far, about half of them, including Igf2, make proteins in the brain, raising the question of whether imprinting errors in genes that control the structure and function of the brain might contribute to mental illness.

«Because many broadly expressed genes that play key roles in essential cellular functions are under the control of cell - specific enhancers, the ability to affect enhancer function by knocking down eRNAs could potentially provide a new strategy for altering gene expression in vivo in a cell - specific manner,» said Glass, noting that in his research, anti-sense oligonucleotides were developed in conjunction with Isis Pharmaceuticals, which suppressed enhancer activity and reduced expression in nearby genes.

In this way, the gene plays an important role in controlling thyroid function.

Chromatin is the protein packaging that helps regulate genome function by controlling access to DNA; changes in this packaging can affect gene regulation.

CK: We have studies in C. elegans showing that the daf - 2 gene functions exclusively in the adult to control aging.

«They attribute excessive control and power to genes and DNA, rather than seeing them as part of the overall functioning of cells and organisms.»

This led Lippman's team to propose that the ancient function of the HPAT genes is to control tip growth, which, Lippman says, is likely related to key proteins that are critical for forming cell walls.

Hence, biologists for decades have studied the proteins that control how genes are transcribed into mRNA and how the mRNA is read and translated into a functioning protein.

[The intracellular domain's function of] transcribing a gene into a protein that then performs some function within the cell generally takes about two hours, but we were seeing leakage within 30 minutes of blocking Notch1, further suggesting that whatever process controls the permeability of the barrier is operating via a completely different mechanism,» says Bill Polacheck, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Fellow at the Wyss Institute and co-first author of the paper.

Knowing the origin of each cell and which genes control their normal function are the foundations for scientists to decipher the disease process and eventually to find out how to guide the cells to self - repair or even to build up a brand new organ using amended cells from the patients.»

The new consortium proposes to characterize and tag the 1486 known transcription factors — proteins that switch genes on and off — in the mouse genome, as well as an estimated 600 coregulators that chip in to control cellular and biological functions through networks called regulons.

The genes had broad functions including controlling the expression of genes in many other areas of the genome.

From one end of the sinusoid to another, the hepatocytes have different metabolic functions, often controlled by external factors and gene expression.

Researchers have developed a set of genetic switches that can be built into engineered organisms, to control the function of genes they need to survive.

His efforts are directed toward understanding the nature and function of genes that control these processes and how disturbances in gene networks may lead to cancer.

The current work shows that changes in the genetic code of a particular gene can control epigenetic marks at different genes, implying that a gene's genetic code can affect whether other genes are turned on and off, which makes it important to understand the function of all genes involved, not just the one with the so - called misspelling.

In addition, A-to-I RNA editing is involved in control of the expression and function of microRNA (miRNA), which is a small RNA essential for the RNAi mediated gene silencing mechanism.

We will explore the function of these genes in controlling synaptic homeostasis, develop novel imaging approaches to visualize homeostatic changes in real time, and systematically screen genes implicated in aging and longevity for roles in homeostatic plasticity.

«It really highlights that just a small difference in the regulatory regions of human DNA — even ones that don't really make a gene, per se, but help to control genes — can have a big impact on how the brain is built, and ultimately how it functions,» she said.

Studying coral calcification with antagonists can provide further information and knowledge to better understand the role and function of genes that participate in the cellular control mechanism, and in the coral organic matrix.

«Taken together, the work represents a large step towards deciphering the code that controls gene expression, and provides an invaluable resource to scientists all over the world to further understand the function of the whole human genome», says Professor Taipale.

Homeostatic control of synaptic function has been demonstrated in diverse organisms, including flies, rodents, and humans, yet the genes and molecular mechanisms governing these processes remain unclear.

To gain insight into how genes and pathways were perturbed at the molecular level with loss of bsl1 function, we used RNA - seq to profile transcriptional differences in bsl1 - 1 inflorescence primordia compared with wild - type controls.

As long as the memory element remains intact, either of the two bacteriophage factors that control its function also inhibits the expression of a toxin gene encoded by the Essentializer.

The work has led him to explore the role of protein phosphorylation in a diverse array of cellular functions, including transformation, cell communication, cell adhesion, cell - cycle regulation, the control of gene expression, and protein degradation.

In these studies, sequence data from several thousands of individuals is compared to find disease - associated genes where cases have a higher load of genetic variants that are likely to disturb gene function, compared to the controls.

Endowed with the power to control the activity of other genes, GTF2I might regulate signal pathways determining the structure and function of the brain or the production of neurohormones such as vasopressin and oxytoxin.

He identified FOXP3 as the gene switch that controls the development and function of Tregs, and he later demonstrated how Tregs prevent spontaneous miscarriages by protecting growing fetuses from attacks by the maternal immune system.

In order to analyze the function of individual proteins in neuronal circuits or synaptic remodeling, researchers combine the Cre and FLP recombinases to control both knockout of a target gene and expression of a separate gene.

Newly evolved genes can rapidly assume control over fundamental functions during early embryonic development, report scientists from the University of Chicago.

For example the researchers used the CRE - ERT2 mouse model validated at the ICS, in which Cre function is controlled by the promoter of Atypical Notch ligand Delta - like homologue1 (Dlk1) under Tamoxifen activation, a skin fibroblast marker, to carry out temporal and tissue specific inactivation of key genes involved in skin fibroblast diversity.

Many HARs are located near genes that control fundamental developmental processes, 9 so their altered regulatory function could have profound effects on human biology.

Traditional small molecules targeting ARE - regulated gene activation (e.g., bardoxolone, dimethyl fumarate) function by alkylating numerous proteins including Keap1, the controlling protein of Nrf2.