«
Conventional techniques of producing transgenic animals, such as microinjection of genes into eggs and the retroviral transduction of genes into embryos, often produce many animals that are mosaic, which means they do not contain the foreign gene in all their cells.
That's partly because
the conventional technique of marking birds with bands has failed miserably at clarifying the bird's migration patterns — only one or two out of tens of thousands of banded birds are ever recovered.
Digitally coding these shapes requires less data than
the conventional technique of making a «bit map» of an image, which divides it into a mosaic of tiny picture points or pixels, and describes each pixel in digital code.
Not exact matches
This calls into question the reliability
of industry asset allocation and diversification strategies and the prediction capability
of conventional portfolio risk modelling
techniques.
This makes me happy: By creating a small electrical field that removes salts from seawater, chemists have introduced a new method for the desalination
of seawater that consumes less energy and is dramatically simpler than
conventional techniques.
This approach applies microwave at a frequency
of 2450 MHz to heat products to sterilisation temperatures, resulting in a shorter heating time compared to
conventional food processing
techniques.
New research showing organic farming more effectively restores soil carbon and reduces the cause
of climate change compared to
conventional techniques could sway more shoppers to buy organic — especially as conscious consumerism continues to rise.
CSIRO research programs use both
conventional and genetic modification (GM) approaches, with careful consideration being given to the most appropriate
technique, or combination
of techniques, to achieve the desired goal.
However, the very nature
of flexible packaging; lightweight and mixed materials, food contamination, inks, adhesives and difficulty in collection and sorting; renders
conventional thermal - recycling
techniques impractical.
Although they fit the mould
of a
conventional striker much more snugly than Salah, with their searing pace, individual skill and unerring finishing
technique, Torres and Suárez are perhaps better analogs for the new star
of Anfield than any
of the aforementioned names from the more distant past.
The
technique of CCS after
conventional in vitro fertilization is to grow embryos to day 5 - 7, the blastocyst stage.
While the on - your - back, epidural - numbed labor has long been the American standard, some women are opting for less
conventional birth methods and pain control
techniques — and even moving out
of the hospital room.
Accordingly, the principles
of attachment parenting don't prescribe specific
techniques or conclusions for most issues parents must consider, but rather reminds them to educate themselves and make informed choices about what's best for their children instead
of simply accepting
conventional parenting practices without question.
Created by a Minnesota - based company called Recombinetics, the hornless cattle are the first
of a new wave
of farmed animals developed using
techniques that, unlike
conventional genetic engineering, involve no «foreign» DNA (see «How to tweak a genome «-RRB-.
The new imaging system is the first to demonstrate the imaging capabilities
of some
of these unusual focusing
techniques by replacing
conventional, solid lenses with the combination
of a malleable lens and a liquid iris - like component.
«The computer image is still created with
conventional methods, then we modify it with our SSSS -
technique, improving the appearance
of the surfaces.»
This
technique can define the identity
of active plant constituents with greater accuracy than the
conventional practice
of measuring selected main constituents.
During last year's massive oil spill in the Gulf
of Mexico,
conventional oil - collection
techniques were found to be woefully inadequate.
Casadio's team used a variety
of techniques to determine the palettes, including
conventional methods like investigation with stereo microscopes as well as more sophisticated
techniques like micro-X-ray fluorescence.
Conventional techniques for recovering ancient human DNA typically require the destruction
of bone or tooth tissue during analysis, and this has been a cause
of concern for many Native and indigenous communities.
Both
of these computers use superconducting qubits built using
techniques from the
conventional computer chip industry.
Conventional tracing
techniques can only show which reference sites a new DNA sample matches best, Wasser says, but chances are it didn't come from any
of those locations.
Racing to stay ahead
of food demands In the medium term,
conventional crossbreeding helped by molecular biology
techniques (a
technique called «marker assisted breeding») may suffice.
A new
technique which colour codes DNA for laser sequencing may offer a faster and cheaper way
of sequencing genomes compared with
conventional methods.
«It took us 35 minutes to get the first ever electron density map
of HIV protease, and I estimate it would have taken 300 years using
conventional techniques,» he says.
For example, acupuncture is something that seems to bring at least as much relief to people who suffer some kinds
of back pain as a lot
of other surgical or other
conventional techniques do; but we also want to try to warn people away from the sorts
of remedies that are being prescribed that maybe or [are] not really backed up by much science at all.
He notes that the
technique can't yet match the resolution
of conventional photolithography and that it needs improvements to keep the patterns aligned if the array is used repeatedly on different parts
of a surface.
Associate Professor Rika Numano explained, «The W / O droplet electroporation
technique has several advantages over
conventional transfection
techniques: small cell number required, as low as 1000 cells; small amount
of DNA required, which makes it applicable for various cell types including neural cells; and changeable genome DNA.
Citing how this new
technique represents a broad range
of chemical structures unlikely to be found using
conventional means, Helbling said, «These results are not only interesting from a novelty perspective, but demonstrate the breadth
of chemical coverage that our suspect screening affords.»
With this knowledge, Gasser observes, humans may be able to create other varieties
of seedless fruits, such as cherimoyas and tomatoes, that have so far defied
conventional breeding
techniques.
Writing in Physical Review Letters, the research team at Southampton has provided the first proof -
of - principle demonstration
of a new laser cooling
technique, based on a proposal by Martin Weitz and Nobel laureate Ted Hänsch in 2000, which is in principle applicable to atoms and molecules as yet untamed by
conventional laser cooling.
«We chose to attack the problem using machine learning implemented on a D - Wave quantum annealer, in order to test our ability to translate complicated real - life biology problems to the setting
of quantum machine learning, and to look for any advantages this approach might offer over more
conventional, yet state -
of - the - art classical machine learning
techniques,» Lidar added.
In a pair
of recently published papers, a team led by Berkeley Lab researcher Jonathan Ajo - Franklin announced they had successfully combined a technology called «distributed acoustic sensing,» which measures seismic waves using fiber - optic cables, with novel processing
techniques to allow reliable seismic monitoring, achieving results comparable to what
conventional seismometers can measure.
Work by Yeh's group and international collaborators later revealed that graphene made using the new
technique is
of higher quality than graphene made using
conventional methods: It is stronger because it contains fewer defects that could weaken its mechanical strength, and it has the highest electrical mobility yet measured for synthetic graphene.
He dismissed
conventional data acquisition
techniques because «information gained by «surveys and experiments with controls» is likely to be distorted by the artificiality
of the gathering situation».
The
technique is «very important,» he says, because it will extend the capabilities
of conventional electron microscopes and should allow «atom - by - atom magnetic analysis in the near future.»
Using
conventional breeding
techniques, Borlaug's crucial breakthrough was crossing stubby - stalked dwarf wheat with high - yielding varieties, resulting in a plant that was both extremely productive — when given ample fertilizer — and strong enough to hold up under the weight
of large clusters
of grain.
In addition to being able to detect NMR in far smaller samples than
conventional machines, our
technique does not require the application
of microwave fields that might disrupt biological samples» said Hollenberg, who is Deputy Director
of the Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology (CQC2T) and Thomas Baker Chair at the University
of Melbourne.
Although the
technique still needs refinements, physicists believe that in the future it will beat the precision
of conventional methods — and hopefully solve apparent discrepancies between measurements that have long puzzled physicists.
«In proof -
of - concept testing, our process was much faster than any heterogeneous
techniques, but still marginally slower than
conventional homogeneous processes,» Abolhasani says.
In 2013, Dr Shapour Jaberzadeh and his group, from the Department
of Physiotherapy at Monash University, discovered a new
technique that compared to
conventional tDCS, significantly increases the brain excitability.
Such wholesale reprogramming would be prohibitively expensive with what he calls the «laborious and outdated»
techniques of conventional genetic engineering, which make one alteration at a time to the DNA
of organisms.
Researchers in the field say future versions
of this system could take clear x-ray photographs with cheap cameras — no need for lenses and multipixel detectors — and less cancer - causing radiation than
conventional techniques.
Most
conventional lithography uses a variety
of techniques to focus light on a photosensitive film to create 2 - D patterns.
Betzig was the developer
of a
technique called near - field scanning optical micro-scopy which can achieve a much greater magnification than
conventional optical microscopes.
The plasma torch
technique produces the same amount
of hazardous exhaust gases as
conventional incineration.
The
technique may also give patients a higher quality
of life than
conventional hip replacement surgery.
Although the study was small with limited follow - up, the paper clearly demonstrates the feasibility
of distant access thyroid surgery using
conventional surgical
techniques.
The novel sensor created by researchers in OIST's Micro / Bio / Nanofluidics Unit, measures charge using the same
technique as
conventional sensors but has the additional function
of measuring mass.
Experts have long been experimenting with
techniques to create solar fuels, which allow all the advantages
of conventional fossil fuels along with the environmental benefits
of renewable energy.