But instead of leaving it there, you harvest the corn and
convert it into ethanol, an energy intensive process, and use the remaining carbon in the ethanol as a replacement for gasoline carbon.
That's the essential promise of CBP — by having a magic bug that will extract sugars from biomass, and at the same time ferment those sugars into ethanol, you have a smaller, more consolidated design — compared to systems that have hydrolysis, and then move the sugary broth to a fermenter system to
convert into ethanol.
Water use for Alberta oil extraction is a tiny fraction of what's needed to grow corn and
convert it into ethanol that gets a third less mileage per gallon than gasoline.
Corn is increasingly being used to
convert into ethanol in the U.S. and in high demand in China where it it used to feed into the meat industry, and it has yet to be seen how this year's significant loss in harvest will impact grain use across the globe.
That gas is then purified and
converted into ethanol.
With these experimental results, it is shown that, using the carboxylate - type liquid zwitterion, plant biomass could be
converted into ethanol in a single reaction pot without washing / separation processes.
The energy efficiency would be much increased if dissolved polysaccharides could be
converted into ethanol.
Exciting new technologies are assisting with this transition: some convert fast growing grasses to ethanol using biochemistry, some convert waste into gases (a mix of hydrogen and carbon monoxide called synthesis gas) that are then
converted into ethanol, and others use algae or other microorganisms to make fuel directly from water or sunlight.
Not exact matches
With the help of government subsidies, companies are investing in
converting wood fibre (known as biomass)
into ethanol and diesel.
We've used yeast to
convert plant cellulose and starch
into biofuels like
ethanol for decades; however, the process still isn't efficient, and scientists are genetically altering yeast to change that.
New machinery developed by Biorefining Inc. in Minnesota precisely breaks kernels
into their constituent elements, which may
convert more of the starch
into ethanol at a lower cost, while also freeing up more of the valuable coproducts like corn oil.
The biotech companies Genencor and Novozymes have developed enzymes that
convert starches
into sugars and ferment the sugars
into ethanol in a single step, streamlining the process.
Each day the facility would
convert 1,000 tons of wood chips and waste from Georgia's vast pulp and paper industry
into 274,000 gallons of
ethanol.
But the hardiness that allows aspens to thrive in nature makes them resistant to enzymatic breakdown during fermentation, an important step for
converting biomass
into ethanol.
Commercial - scale efforts have existed for over a hundred years that
convert corn, sugar cane and other plant - based substances
into a wide array of products, ranging from fuel such as corn - based
ethanol to ingredients in many consumer goods, such as soap and detergents.
BlueFire has already operated such a plant to
convert wood waste
into ethanol in Japan to demonstrate the feasibility of the technology.
Scientists from the University of Bristol's School of Chemistry have been working for several years to develop technology that will
convert widely - available
ethanol into butanol.
The Bristol team's key finding is that their catalysts will
convert beer (or specifically, the
ethanol in beer)
into butanol.
The technology used to
convert ethanol into butanol is called a catalyst — these are chemicals which can speed up and control a chemical reaction and are already widely used in the petrochemical industry.
Professor Duncan Wass, whose team led the research, said: «The alcohol in alcoholic drinks is actually
ethanol — exactly the same molecule that we want to
convert into butanol as a petrol replacement.
Vertimass LLC, a California - based start - up company, has licensed an Oak Ridge National Laboratory technology that directly
converts ethanol into a hydrocarbon blend - stock for use in transportation fuels.
The enzymes
convert ethanol into vinegar, generating a stream of electricity.
In the last few years, some refineries began
converting the inedible parts of corn plants
into ethanol, Chundawat said.
His aim is to
convert it
into useful glucose, which can then be fermented
into ethanol.
Iogen Corporation has furthered this technology by developing enzymes to
convert tough, sugar - bearing cellulose in inexpensively produced agricultural waste
into ethanol (opposite page, top).
But making that dream a reality could harm local environments and would require developing new technology to harvest, process and
convert such plant material
into biofuels such as
ethanol.
Such cellulosic
ethanol from native plants would also require technological breakthroughs to efficiently
convert plant leaves, stems and other inedible parts
into fuel.
The team focused on yeast in part because of its important modern - day applications; yeasts are used to
convert the sugars of biomass feedstocks
into biofuels such as
ethanol and industrial chemicals such as lactic acid, or to break down organic pollutants.
This is one of the first steps in
converting complex plant materials
into simple forms that can be fermented
into ethanol for fuel.
The prevailing approach to biofuels production is to
convert plant sugars from traditional food crops
into ethanol using centuries - old fermentation practices.
Using enzyme technologies
converting forestland material
into e.g.
ethanol would offer -LSB-...]
Ordinarily, it is wasted when plant biomass, including cellulose, is
converted into biofuels like
ethanol.
Using corn to produce
ethanol has driven up food prices in recent years, and
converting forests and other areas
into farmland to grow more corn for biofuels may well negate
ethanol's improved greenhouse gas emissions (GHG).
«There was some interest in
converting syngas
into ethanol during the first oil crisis back in the 70s,» said Ames Lab chemist and Chemical and Biological Science Program Director Victor Lin.
As you drink and force your body to metabolize alcohol, you're
converting ethanol into acetaldehyde and acetate in your liver, and this causes increased production of tiny blood vessel constrictors called thromboxanes.
The e-NV200 test mule
converts ethanol or
ethanol / water
into electricity to charge a 24kWh battery, offering a driving range of more than 600 km.
Yeast in rising dough
converts sugars
into ethanol.
Gasification
converts all of it
into syngas, which can then be used to make a wide variety of chemicals, including methanol,
ethanol, or diesel.
The researchers examined three ways of using sunlight to power cars: a) the traditional method of
converting corn or other plants to
ethanol; b)
converting energy crops
into electricity for BEVs rather than producing
ethanol; and C) using PVs to
convert sunlight directly
into electricity for BEVs.
Work is now under way to develop efficient technologies to
convert cellulosic materials such as switchgrass, woodchips, wheat straw, and corn stalks
into ethanol.
Fast - growing sugarcane on highly fertile land in Brazil, for example,
converts only around 0.5 percent of incoming solar radiation
into sugar, and only around 0.2 percent ultimately
into ethanol.
Qteros» core technology is based on the Q - Microbe ™, which
converts biomass
into ethanol in a single step.
Q Microbe ™
converts a wide array of cellulosic biomass directly
into ethanol in a single step, consolidating enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation, largely eliminating costly enzymes and associated pretreatment, and simplifying the entire production process.
Uses a unique type of microbe to
convert biomass
into ethanol in one step, potentially replacing a multistep process that uses expensive enzymes to break down cellulose.
Researchers there are engineering a microbe that combines the last two stages of
ethanol production:
converting cellulose
into sugar, and turning sugar
into ethanol.
Biofuel is bioenergy
converted into a liquid fuel such as
ethanol or biodiesel, but biomass can also be
converted into gaseous fuels via biological or chemical processes such as digestion and gasification.
Instead of harnessing the sun's energy to
convert carbon dioxide
into plant food, artificial photosynthesis seeks to use the same starting ingredients to produce chemical precursors commonly used in synthetic products as well as fuels like
ethanol.
«The biofuels researcher Timothy Searchinger has calculated that once the massive release of greenhouse gases cause by
converting grassland and rainforest
into cropland is taken
into account, introduction of biofuels produces increases in greenhouse emissions, the size of the rise being as much as a doubling for corn
ethanol production,» Montford tells us.
These «biorefineries» will
convert widely available, inexpensive, organic materials such as agricultural residues, high - content biomass crops, wood residues, and cellulose in municipal solid wastes
into ethanol.
By - products of
ethanol production include distiller's grain, which is used as a very low cost cattle feed, and also corn oil can be extracted, which can be
converted into biodiesel.