The meridional
cool phase occurring from the 1940s to 1970s and 1990s to present consists of equatorward winds over the continents and poleward winds over the subarctic and sub-antarctic oceans, resulting as Rossby wave formations.
The PDO
cool phase occurred from about 1900 to 1920, again from 1946 to 1976, and we have currently been in the cool phase since about 2003.
Not exact matches
So instead of going through a
phase change from liquid to solid, glass formation
occurs, which allows cells to be preserved in their existing state without going through the complete dehydration that you achieve in slow
cooling.
If you
cool many metals and alloys to very low temperatures (within 20 degrees or less of absolute zero), a
phase transition
occurs.
The key to air conditioning is evaporation: the
cooling occurs when a liquid absorbs energy from its surroundings and changes
phase to evaporate as a gas.
The recurring wave pattern of intense rain and thunderstorms, followed by a dry
phase as the force moves across the
cooler Pacific Ocean
occurs every 30 - 60 days, giving this atmospheric wave its unique stamp on the climate.
Naturally
occurring interannual and multidecadal shifts in regional ocean regimes such as the Pacific El Niño - Southern Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation, and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, for example, are bimodal oscillations that cycle between
phases of warmer and
cooler sea surface temperatures.
If you do a search of the NYT archives for «crop failure» the majority and the largest seem to
occur during the PDO's
cool phase.
Importantly, the Earth was in a
cooling phase during the 1960s and 1970s when so many more wildfires
occurred.
However, the
cool La Niña
phase of the cyclically variable Southern Oscillation of tropical temperatures has been dominant in the past three years, and the deepest solar minimum in the period of satellite data
occurred over the past half dozen years.
During a «
cool»
phase, the opposite pattern
occurs.
Judith — you say «The stadium wave hypothesizes that the Arctic regional sea ice max / min are out of
phase with the hemispheric warming /
cooling periods, with the minima lagging the hemispheric warming period and
occurring in the early half of the hemispheric
cooling period.».
The stadium wave hypothesizes that the Arctic regional sea ice max / min are out of
phase with the hemispheric warming /
cooling periods, with the minima lagging the hemispheric warming period and
occurring in the early half of the hemispheric
cooling period.
Our devotee will also pass by the curious additional facts that a period of similar warming
occurred between 1918 and 1940, well prior to the greatest
phase of world industrialisation, and that
cooling occurred between 1940 and 1965, at precisely the time that human emissions were increasing at their greatest rate.
This
occurred while the Equatorial Pacific was flipped into a
cool phase, which tends to lower global temperatures.
The charts below illustrate that occasional weak
cool - season links may
occur between the
phase strength of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO
phase strength) and EF1 to EF5 tornado reports for bi-monthly periods from 1950 through 2010 (1951 to 2011 for the last pair, Dec - Jan period).
Major innovational pulses
occurred at times when South African climate changed rapidly towards more humid conditions, while northern sub-Saharan Africa experienced widespread droughts, as the Northern Hemisphere entered
phases of extreme
cooling.
The
cooling experienced in the 1960s and 70s is seen as
occurring in the negative
phase of the AMO.