Sentences with phrase «cooler deeper ocean layers»

However, tropical storms cool the ocean surface through mixing with cooler deeper ocean layers and through evaporation.

Not exact matches

Essentially, the researchers found that deeper warm water is increasingly mixing with the cool layer of water that traditionally lies atop the eastern part of the Arctic Ocean.

One, which the authors themselves note, is that the warming of the Arctic Ocean that is already happening could trap nutrients in deeper, cooler layers that would make them less available to feed algae blooms.

Second, physically there is absolutely no problem for wind changes to cool the upper ocean at the same time as they warm the deeper layers.

Even assuming that the dataset is comprehensive: Considering that the upper - ocean cooling is seen mainly at 30N and 30S, another explanation for this cooling is increased ocean — to — atmosphere heat transfer in these regions (possibly aided by hurricane - mixing of the upper ocean layer, and advection of deeper cold water as a result).

BBD wrote: «So why isn't the deep ocean cooling as energy is transferred to the upper ocean layer» ---------------------------------------- For the same reason as ice floats

So why isn't the deep ocean cooling as energy is transferred to the upper ocean layer?

When the ocean surface is cooler, warmth is taken from the surface into deeper ocean layers that «do not emit heat out of the planet».

Empirically, certain phases of ENSO are known to be associated with trends at the ocean surface that are the reverse of those at deeper layers, consistent with the notion that a positive surface warming is at times an ocean cooling event.

Either this is a truism (the sun must be heating the ocean surface first) or it is meant to take into account the complex circulations that occur in the ocean, like the Gulf Stream's involvement in a vertical rise of waters from deep ocean layers in one region and sinking of the cooled surface waters as the stream reaches its northern limit.

The existence of that cooler layer is evidence that the rate of evaporation is the primary influence on variability in the rate of ocean energy loss (apart from internal ocean circulation variability which is not relevant here) and it follows that more evaporation for the same rate of conduction and radiation (from a stable temperature differential) will send that cooler layer deeper and / or intensify the temperature differential between it and the ocean bulk below.

Indeed, the faster the rate of evaporation the deeper the level of temperature discontinuity will go and / or the larger the temperature differential will be between the cooler layer and the ocean bulk below.

This leads to a thin (1 mm deep) layer of cooler water over the oceans worldwide and below the evaporative region that is some 0.3 C cooler than the ocean bulk below.

Of course, if the air were to be warmer than the ocean surface then evaporation would take the extra energy required from the air rather than the water and that 1 mm deep layer (0.3 C cooler than the ocean bulk) would rise to the surface and dissipate but that doesn't happen often or for long.

In that diagram that top layer 1 mm deep and 0.3 C cooler than the ocean bulk remains day and night with no apparent change.

It can not do so because the 1 mm deep layer above the ocean bulk and 0.3 C cooler than the ocean bulk below (the subskin) effectively insulates the skin layer from the ocean bulk.

The existence of that persistent subskin layer 1 mm deep and 0.3 C cooler than the ocean bulk below is observational evidence that whatever goes on in the atmosphere has no effect on the natural background upward energy flow.

I'm not aware of observations that show that deep ocean layers have cooled over the last 50 years.

What will happen to the 1 mm deep cooler layer between the Knudsen layer and the ocean bulk?

If the energy was rising from the deeper ocean layers then they would be * cooling * but OHC in the deep ocean is also increasing.

In such events, the oceans become stratified, with warm layers acting as «lid» on deeper, cooler water.