Sentences with phrase «cooler than the atmosphere»

But doesn't that assume the oceans are cooler than the atmosphere, which is incorrect as far as I understand it?

The ocean can be cooler than the atmosphere and still modify the atmosphere's temperature in an upward direction compared to an even colder ocean.

Not exact matches

During the Eocene, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was more than 560 parts per million, at least twice preindustrial levels, and the epoch kicked off with a global average temperature more than 8 degrees Celsius — about 14 degrees Fahrenheit — warmer than today, gradually cooling over the next 22 million years.

However, a new study of the atmosphere suggests that clouds may have kept the planet cool enough to preserve the Venusian sea for billions of years — far longer than previously thought.

The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991 had an explosivity index of six and resulted in more than 800 deaths, devastated the surrounding landscape, and pumped enough aerosols and dust into the atmosphere to cause significant global cooling.

Moreover, that region often experiences what meteorologists call a temperature inversion, where temperatures in the lowest levels of the atmosphere are cooler than those higher up.

Most of this outer atmosphere has a temperature of around 9,000 degrees Fahrenheit, which is 1,000 to 2,000 degrees cooler than the sun's surface temperature.

Physicists have achieved record temperature reductions of more than 40 °C using radiative cooling, which beams heat through the atmosphere

In 1815, the Indonesian volcano Tambora propelled more ash and volcanic gases into the atmosphere than any other eruption in history and resulted in significant atmospheric cooling on a global scale, much like Krakatau a few decades later.

This means that, counterintuitively, the most energetic solar storms are likely to provide a net cooling and shrinking effect on the upper atmosphere, rather than heating and expanding it as had been previously understood.

«It is true that they do warm climate by strong methane emissions when they first form, but on a longer - term scale, they switch to become climate coolers because they ultimately soak up more carbon from the atmosphere than they ever release.»

Plucked from millions of stars and galaxies analyzed over the past 7 years by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, this bunch burns considerably cooler than normal and contains atmospheres made entirely of carbon, with no traces of hydrogen or helium.

Compared to seasonal norms, the coldest place in Earth's atmosphere in May was over the northern Pacific Ocean, where temperatures were as much as 2.08 C (about 3.74 degrees Fahrenheit) cooler than seasonal norms.

Atmospheric scientist Junjie Liu of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., and her colleagues report that the tropics of Asia, Africa and South America together released about 2.5 gigatons more carbon into the atmosphere in 2015 than they did in 2011, a cooler and wetter La Niña year.

Other aerosols can bring about temporary atmospheric cooling, mainly by seeding clouds that linger in the atmosphere longer than they normally would, or by scattering light.

The transit method, on the other hand, can be extended in some cases to study the (relatively cool) atmospheres of exoplanets smaller than Neptune with current facilities.

Data collected during two of these secondary eclipses revealed that the upper atmosphere of Kepler - 13Ab was far cooler than expected based on computer models of hot Jupiter exoplanets.

Its atmosphere is often compared to that of the young Earth, albeit cooled too much lower temperatures (< 90 K) than ever found on our planet.

New data from the Pluto flyby of the New Horizons spacecraft showed that nitrogen is escaping from the dwarf planet and into space at a much lower rate than expected due to a cooling effect in the atmosphere.

La Ninas, which feature cooler than normal waters in the eastern tropical Pacific, impact the circulation of the atmosphere overhead in a way that tends to tamp down on typhoon activity.

But the logged areas themselves can actually have a cooling effect, because open areas reflect more of the incoming sunlight back into the atmosphere than wooded areas.

The clouds would have reflected sunlight back into space to cool the Venusian surface, so that its atmosphere would have been 100 Kelvin cooler than without them.

Located in Jupiter's upper atmosphere, the storm is considerably cooler than its blistering surroundings, and researchers think it was formed by energy from Jupiter's polar aurora.

A new massive storm has been spotted in Jupiter's upper atmosphere, and it's considerably cooler than its blistering surroundings.

That is due to a thermal lag; it takes less time to heat up the atmosphere than it takes for it to cool off.

Coronal holes are gaps in the Sun's outermost atmosphere which are less dense and cooler than their surroundings.

Once heated, the ocean surface becomes warmer than the atmosphere above, and because of this heat flows from the warm ocean to the cool atmosphere above.

This can only be possible if conductive warming of the cool skin layer from the ghg warmed air above can prevent more heat loss than an increase in evapoaration heat loss due to a ghg warmed atmosphere.

During the long night the upper atmosphere cools, so at night it should be warmer than in the morning.

But even better than that cool effect is the world itself and the atmosphere, which definitely have a Blade Runner thing going on.

HONG KONG — When the third edition of Art Basel Hong Kong, Asia's hottest contemporary art fair, opens to the public on Sunday, the atmosphere will be noticeably cooler, for reasons that have less to do with the region's overall economic slowdown than with the shift in the fair's dates from humid May to balmy March.

For the past few decades the upper reaches of Earth's atmosphere have been cooling much faster than researchers anticipated.

Then for certain values of a and e the atmosphere will be cooler than the ground but increasing e will cool the atmosphere further.

There's also a number of interesting applications in the evolution of Earth's atmosphere that branch off from the runaway greenhouse physics, for example how fast a magma - ocean covered early Earth ends up cooling — you can't lose heat to space of more than about 310 W / m2 or so for an Earth - sized planet with an efficient water vapor feedback, so it takes much longer for an atmosphere - cloaked Earth to cool off from impact events than a body just radiating at sigmaT ^ 4.

On the global scale, the down blanket is the CO2 in the atmosphere and some years are just cooler than others.

This is a peer reviewed paper by respected scientists who are saying that aerosol forcing means that the majority of the warming caused by existing co2 emission has effectively been masked thus far, and that as aerosols remain in the atmosphere for far shorter a duration of time than co2, we will have already most likely crossed the 2 degree threshold that the G8 politicians have been discussing this week once the cooling effect of aerosols dissipate.

The fact that the mesosphere / thermosphere cools with higher CO2 (where the temperature declines in the mesosphere), and indeed that the high atmosphere of Venus is even colder than Earth, should also be independent validation that ozone is not a pre-requisite for upper atmosphere cooling.

Likewise a perturbation to the T ^ 4 pattern that gradually decays downward into the atmosphere may be necessary to balance the anomolous cooling near TOA and some anomalous warming below that due to the darkness of space (the anomalous warming would be from the intensity in all directions downward from space not only being not more than 0 but also being not less than 0 — continuation of the T ^ 4 pattern would after all require negative values at some point).

Temperature tends to respond so that, depending on optical properties, LW emission will tend to reduce the vertical differential heating by cooling warmer parts more than cooler parts (for the surface and atmosphere); also (not significant within the atmosphere and ocean in general, but significant at the interface betwen the surface and the air, and also significant (in part due to the small heat fluxes involved, viscosity in the crust and somewhat in the mantle (where there are thick boundary layers with superadiabatic lapse rates) and thermal conductivity of the core) in parts of the Earth's interior) temperature changes will cause conduction / diffusion of heat that partly balances the differential heating.

If you were in a situation where there was initially more precipitation than radiative cooling could handle, then the atmosphere could just warm up until the radiative cooling increased — though then you'd have to worry about how much the warming affects precipitation, etc..

At the point where there is so much H2O vapor in the atmosphere that there is very little solar heating of the surface (very very far from happenning), there will also tend to be almost no net LW cooling at the surface, so a tropospheric - type lapse rate could still tend to extend down to the surface (as long as the net LW cooling is smaller than the SW heating, there will be some non-radiative flux from the surface for equilibrium conditions).

What I should have said is that the stratosphere will cool — whether it gets cooler than the surface or tropopause or remains warmer (remember this is the case where we started with zero GHE and had some solar heating within the atmosphere) depends on specifics.

(PS a skin temperature can be lower than the brightness temperature of the OLR because a very thin layer at the top of the atmosphere will absorb a tiny fraction of OLR, thus barely affecting OLR, but must in equilibrium emit that same amount of energy both upwards and downwards; if it were as warm as the brightness temperature of the OLR then it would emit twice what it absorbs and thus cool.

he cooling due to aerosols is more than 10 W m − 2 at the top of the atmosphere, and more than 25 W m − 2 at the surface in the vicinity of Indonesia.

The condition that portions of the upper atmosphere are significantly warmer than otherwise via direct solar heating should (so far as I know) enhance the GHG - induced cooling at those levels.

I'd be a little frustrated too if someone was paying me to make the weird claim that the planet is cooling, and that I understand what is going on in the atmosphere better than those AGW pointy headed professors.

It might make sense to take a small portion of the aerosol that would have been dumped into the troposphere by retired dirty coal plants, and inject that directly into the stratosphere where it will restore the lost cooling effect while (hopefully) doing less harm than the old stuff dumped into the lower atmosphere.

It's not immediately obvious that a warmer atmosphere behaves differently than a cooler one.

Moreover, the seasonal, regional, and atmospheric patterns of rising temperatures — greater warming in winters than summers, greater warming at high latitudes than near the equator, and a cooling in the stratosphere while the lower atmosphere is warmer — jibe with what computer models predict should happen with greenhouse heating.

These analyses indicate that it is likely that greenhouse gases alone would have caused more than the observed warming over the last 50 years of the 20th century, with some warming offset by cooling from natural and other anthropogenic factors, notably aerosols, which have a very short residence time in the atmosphere relative to that of well - mixed greenhouse gases (Schwartz, 1993).