Sentences with phrase «cooling of surface waters»

For example, scientists have found that El Niño and La Niña, the periodic warming and cooling of surface waters in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, are correlated with a higher probability of wet or dry conditions in different regions around the globe.

Both Cannariato & Ravelo (1997) and Chaisson & Ravelo (2000) recorded a cooling of surface water in the EEP using δ18O measured in the surface - dwelling Globigerinoides sacculifer and deeper - dwelling Globorotalia tumida.

Not exact matches

The planets orbit an «ultracool dwarf,» a star much smaller and cooler than the sun, but still possibly warm enough to allow for liquid water on the surfaces of at least two of the planets.

We're all there, gathered around the proverbial water cooler, but it's mostly surface talk (and the occasional bit of juicy gossip).

We would soak the beans overnight then boil the crap out of them the next day, then we had them in a large container and would run cool water over them, stirring them occasionally, and the skin would kind of float to the surface allowing us to skim it off.

As they float to the surface of the water (about 2 minutes) remove them with a slotted spoon to a lightly greased baking sheet to cool.

1) Mix flour, butter and icing sugar in a bowl using two knives to cut the butter until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs 2) Add in the egg yolks and vanilla extracts and mix well, then add iced water until the dough starts to come together 3) Shape the dough into a ball on a cool, flat, floured surface 4) Flatten dough into a disc and then wrap in plastic wrap, and chill in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes 5) Meanwhile, peel, core and slice the apples into as thin slices as possible 6) Mix sugar and ground cinnamon powder with sliced apples and let it rest for a while 7) Pre-heat oven to 180 deg cel 8) Once dough has chilled, roll pastry dough on a sheet of parchment paper until it has expanded to the size of the tart mold (I used a rough mold the size of a large pizza) 9) Leaving at least an inch of dough free, arrange apple slices by overlapping them slightly in the shape of a circle, starting from the outermost part of the circle, until you reach the inside 10) Fold the edges of dough over the filling and then sprinkle the dough with a bit of sugar 11) Bake for about 40 - 45 minutes, or until the crust is golden brown and the apples are soft 12) Serve warm, with a side of whipped cream or ice cream (optional)

Simply place the tub on top of a small table, chair or other short sturdy surface (like a cooler), fill it up with about an inch of water, cups, pails and shovels, and let your little ones engage in some pouring, emptying and splashing fun.

The cycle of Pacific Ocean surface water warming and cooling has become more variable in recent decades, suggesting El Niño may strengthen under climate change

Cooler night temperatures also allow the scanner to stay cool and minimize the evaporation of water from the surface during the scanning procedure.

They identified wind patterns that mixed the warmer surface and colder deep waters to cool the ocean's surface and reduce the intensity of the storm.

Because a hurricane cools surface water, it discourages the formation of later storms in its wake, providing a form of negative feedback that limits the hurricane merging effect.

They found that adding five years of strong trade winds created powerful ocean currents that buried the warm surface water, bringing cooler water to the surface.

Water must have been present at the time of impact for it to be sealed into the moon, Saal notes, or it at least arrived before the moon's surface had time to cool and solidify.

But a reduction in the number and intensity of large hurricanes driving ocean waters on shore — such as this month's Hurricane Joaquin, seen, which reached category 4 strength — may also play a role by cooling sea - surface temperatures that fuel the growth of these monster storms, the team notes.

Since the surface is a few tenths of a degree cooler than the water below, when a wave breaks, the warmer water beneath (orange and red) mixes with the cooler water above (blue and violet).

Even as the surface warms, the deeps remain cool, and this cold water will continue to periodically push the ocean out of the El Niño state.

In a matter of seconds, when you put the food in the fryer, water starts evaporating, vapors form and escape the surface, oil penetration starts, and heat begins to rise while at the same time there's evaporative cooling off at different points in the food.

Cold surfaces can cause water vapor in the air to cool down, condense and form tiny beads of liquid.

Water that collects in valleys underneath the ice sheet, in the Gamburtsev Mountains, refreezes when it passes under thinner parts of the ice sheet that are less insulated from cool surface temperatures.

Large, densely populated urban areas are highly susceptible to exhausting heat waves exacerbated by the «heat island» effect in which once permeable, cooling surfaces like open land, bodies of water and vegetation have been replaced with surfaces that capture and retain heat like asphalt and concrete.

The other half of the cycle is La Niña, when the surface waters are cooler than normal.

Composed of about 99 percent water, sweat evaporates on the skin's surface, cooling the body and keeping it from overheating.

It was Olav Hollingsæter, founder of the company OceanTherm AS, who came up with the idea of cooling ocean surface waters as a means of preventing hurricanes.

The deep circulation that drives warm surface waters north is weakening, leading to a cooling of the north Atlantic relative to the rest of the oceans.

NASA just announced 7 rocky planets around the cool red star Trappist - 1 — and 3 of those orbit within the Habitable Zone (where surface liquid water would be possible).

At other times, the surface water in the eastern Pacific instead may cool for long stretches of time.

Even more telling of La Niña's possible rise is the stash of cooler - than - normal waters below the surface.

The research published in Nature Communications found that in the past, when ocean temperatures around Antarctica became more layered - with a warm layer of water below a cold surface layer - ice sheets and glaciers melted much faster than when the cool and warm layers mixed more easily.

If the recent intensification of the cool spot were caused by a recent AMOC slowdown you would expect to see warming of intermediate waters under a cool fresh water surface layer.

As it streams to the surface and mixes with the cold bottom water (at a temperature of 2 degrees C), the vent water quickly cools and dumps its load of minerals.

The close - in orbit around the cool star implies a mean surface temperature of between 0 and 40 degrees C - a range over which water would be liquid - and places the planet in the red dwarf's habitable zone.

By examining the cooling rate of rocks that formed more than 10 miles beneath the Earth's surface, scientists led by The University of Texas at Austin Jackson School of Geosciences have found that water probably penetrates deep into the crust and upper mantle at mid-ocean spreading zones, the places where new crust is made.

Key features of this system include a high - pressure containment vessel immersed in a large pool of water and a passive emergency core cooling system that relies only on gravity - driven convection of the coolant and conduction of heat to the containment vessel surface.

The warming of the oceans by sunlight, makes the daytime surface waters more bouyant than the cooler waters below and this leads to stratification - a situation where the warmer water floats atop cooler waters underneath, and is less inclined to mix.

The Hellcat engine block is designed with unique water cooling jackets for optimum heat dissipation, a forged steel crankshaft with induction hardened surfaces to withstand extreme firing pressures of 1,595 psi.

Cold water will cause constriction of the arteries and veins near the surface of the body, which will inhibit heat loss and slow the cooling process.

It would seem logical that icy cold water would be the best choice to cool the pet rapidly, but it will actually cause capillaries at the surface of the skin to close.

The inversion itself is usually initiated by the cooling effect of the water on the surface layer of an otherwise warm air mass.

The (Inland) Blue Hole is where the underground stream comes to the surface, providing visitors with a source of cool and refreshing water for swimming.

When winds blow surface water away, it is replaced by cooler, nutrient - rich waters from the deep that support a variety of marine life.

I guess that I don't have to give the long list of examples where water vapor and / or cold air cools hot surfaces.

However, they can provide both positive and negative forcing» and Ray # 252 «we understand extremely well the way greenhouse gasses [sic] like CO2 warm the planet» So here we go — Assumptions from considerations of physics: Unless CO2 could enlist water vapour to amplify its forcing it would simply be an unremarkable trace gas in the atmosphere, but — CO2 + water (vapour) = + ve feedback implying warming CO2 + water (liquid) = - ve feedback implying cooling Facts: Clouds cover half the surface of the planet.

Geoengineering proposals fall into at least three broad categories: 1) managing atmospheric greenhouse gases (e.g., ocean fertilization and atmospheric carbon capture and sequestration), 2) cooling the Earth by reflecting sunlight (e.g., putting reflective particles into the atmosphere, putting mirrors in space to reflect the sun's energy, increasing surface reflectivity and altering the amount or characteristics of clouds), and 3) moderating specific impacts of global warming (e.g., efforts to limit sea level rise by increasing land storage of water, protecting ice sheets or artificially enhancing mountain glaciers).

In general, the regions of expanding warming upwelling water in the Indian Ocean, North Pacific, or wherever they are, must create slight bulges in the surface, and the regions of shrinking, cooling, sinking water in the Arctic must create slight depressions in the sea surface (again, I mean in a very low pass sense — obviously storms, tides, etc, create all kinds of short - terms signals obscuring this).

The troposphere is currently cooling radiatively at about 2K / day, and adding CO2 to the atmosphere generally increases the radiative cooling (primarily through increases in water vapor, though how these details play out also depend on the details of the surface budget).

and, of course, the effect of cooler water at the ocean's surface is less re-radiation of heat into the atmosphere over it, and hence (i) less heating of the atmosphere from that source (ii) more heat retained at that water surface.

for the oceans there is the possibility of «surface» (100 to 200 m thickness) ocean waters to cool stronger than forecasted.

Normally, a hurricane sucks up cold water from deeper layers, cooling the sea surface and weakening the hurricane, but in the case of deep warm water layers, the hurricane intensifies because it is sucking up warm water.

-- As it turns out, nature has provided humanity with an «escape hatch» from this conundrum, which is a means to cool the surface of the planet with the same techniques as nature uses to cool overheated tropical sea water.