Sentences with phrase «copper oxide»

Copper compression products use copper ions instead of copper oxide.

In 1986, however, discovery of high - temperature superconductivity in copper oxide compounds called cuprates engendered new technological potential for the phenomenon.

The thinnest superconductor yet is a layer of copper oxide material less than a nanometre thick.

This has been demonstrated by preparing more complex materials, such as lithium cobalt oxide — a cathode material for lithium batteries; bismuth manganese oxide — a multiferroic material; and a 90 degrees Kelvin (K) superconducting Yttrium barium copper oxide material.

Scientists have generally understood that the mechanism of superconductivity in copper oxide compounds depends on the ability of electrons on adjacent copper atoms to pair up.

Physicists had, however, observed stripes of charge in only one superconductor, lanthanum strontium copper oxide (LSCO).

Bozovic's team found that when they tainted the second lanthanum copper oxide layer in the stack, the critical temperature at which superconductivity could occur dropped from 32 kelvin to 18 kelvin — no such temperature drop was seen if any other layer was doped with zinc.

Meanwhile, Aharon Kapitulnik and colleagues at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, used a scanning tunneling microscope to study the crystal surface of bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide.

As Boyd recalls, he then remembered that Robert Millikan, a Nobel Prize - winning physicist and the head of Caltech from 1921 to 1945, also had to contend with removing copper oxide when he performed his famous 1916 experiment to measure Planck's constant, which is important for calculating the amount of energy a single particle of light, or photon, Boyd wondered if he, like Millikan, could devise a method for cleaning his copper while it was under vacuum conditions.

«In solid - state materials like copper oxides, there are many different effects and impurities that make these materials difficult to study.

In ceramics, they suspected strongly interacting paired electrons moving through copper oxide layersbut needed proof.

That proves that all of the «high - temperature» superconductivity traffic in the film takes place in a single copper oxide layer, says Bozovic.

That hole, along with two others, became lifelines through which water, food, medicine, and clothing — including socks lined with bacteria - fighting copper oxide fiber — were sent, plus a fiber - optic cable for communication.

This was achieved by coupling it with a material called praseodymium cerium copper oxide (PCCO).

The authors note that their findings provide «a new and unconventional context in which to view the underdoped copper oxides.»

Acids naturally found in the organic matter of soil, collectively called humic acid, can protect rice seedlings from the cell damage and stunted root growth caused by copper oxide nanoparticles, researchers report April 13 in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.

In this type of copper oxide Cu atoms have two different values of valence, making it a «mixed - valence» compound.

EPFL scientists have now carried out a study on a lithium - containing copper oxide and have found that its electrons are 2.5 times lighter than was predicted by theoretical calculations.

The superconductor is heated first so it can be shipped as powdered oxides: on heating they form the superconducting copper oxides.

The way electrons leak between the two copper oxides spontaneously creates a superconducting layer somewhere within the stack, able to operate at the relatively high temperature of 32 kelvin -LRB--241 °C)-- most superconductors work at even lower temperatures.

Many have attempted to build very thin films from copper oxide - based materials called cuprates to find an answer.

Many thought high - temperature superconductivity would be unstable in a single copper oxide plane, «now we know that's not the case».

And now they've found that adding trace amounts of what O'Hayre calls «magic pixie dust» — actually copper oxide and nickel oxide — to their ceramic mixture enables them to reduce the temperature to 1450 °C, below the threshold where barium vaporizes.

But in the mid-1990s, scientists discovered another, puzzling gap in their plots of copper oxide superconductors.

Schreier and his team created a device that would split carbon dioxide using a solar - derived current running through copper oxide wires.

He knew it was just a trick of light, that the ancient glass makers added copper oxide to make the green, cobalt to make the blue, and real gold to make the red.

Because of poor bioavailability, the use of copper oxide as a nutritional source is excluded.15 The 2007 CNES deleted the copper maximum concentration for many of the same science - based reasons cited above for deleting the maximum for iron content.

Herb Mook and colleagues at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee shot a beam of neutrons at a large crystal of yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO), the most widely studied of the cuprate superconductors (Science, 1 February, p. 787).

«We have shown that by interfacing a topological insulator, bismuth selenide, with a high temperature superconductor, BSCCO (bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide), it is possible to induce superconductivity in the topological surface state,» says Alexei Fedorov, a staff scientist for ALS beamline 12.0.1, where the induced high temperature superconductivity of the topological insulator heterostructure was confirmed.

The project was conceived by researchers from MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC), and aims within three years to develop superconducting electromagnets from a newly available material - a steel tape coated with an yttrium - barium - copper oxide compound.

Meanwhile the American Superconductor Corporation of Westboro, Massachusetts, and the US Naval Undersea Warfare Center, based in Connecticut, have finished a prototype sonar system incorporating bismuth strontium copper oxide, which is superconducting at 73 K -LRB--200 °C).

These results indicate an intimate connection between superconductivity and magnetism in copper oxides, an important clue for developing a predictive theory of high - temperature superconductivity.

«Instead of searching for new single - electron antiferromagnetic insulators like copper oxide to make high - temperature superconductors, maybe we should be searching for new highly magnetic, metallic materials that have properties like iron but in an orbitally selective arrangement,» Davis said.

Copper oxide materials become superconducting when an optimal number of electrons are removed, leaving positively charged «holes,» and the material is chilled below a transition temperature (blue curve).

Down a path of crushed stone leading to the cafeteria, the site is peppered with circle - shaped patterns made up of bluish - green rocks — a telltale sign of the presence of copper oxide.

The sleeves use copper ions (Cu + and Cu + +) rather than copper oxide.

The Mott metal - insulator transition is namely linked to unusual phenomena, such as high - temperature superconductivity in copper oxide - based materials.

Another study to be presented at the conference on Thursday shows beneficial soil bacteria can not tolerate silver, copper oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles, also used in sunscreens and other products.

J. Georg Bednorz and Karl Alexander Müller's 1986 report of high - temperature superconductivity in lanthanum barium copper oxide (lbco) led to a frenzy of research activity and speculation.

His initial experiments revealed not only that the technique worked to remove the copper oxide, but that it simultaneously produced graphene as well.

The solution Boyd hit upon was to use a system first developed in the 1960s to generate a hydrogen plasma — that is, hydrogen gas that has been electrified to separate the electrons from the protons — to remove the copper oxide at much lower temperatures.

«I realized then that the trick to growth is to have a very clean surface, one without the copper oxide.»

Running the measurements, the scientists found that the copper oxide's electrons are actually 2.5 times lighter than the values given by theoretical predictions.

In this case, the solid material was a copper oxide, a member of the transition - metal oxide family of materials, which have wide - ranging applications for their electronic, magnetic and catalytic properties.

The researchers used ARPES to measure the energy of the electron bands in the copper oxide.

Until now they have been difficult to make, particularly in large quantities, because they require precise ratios of raw materials containing metals such as bismuth, strontium and copper oxides to be ground together, before being heated to high temperatures to produce batches of about 10 grams of superconductor.

For that, they decided to disturb the copper oxide layers in a high Tc superconductor called BSCCO, which also contains layers of bismuth oxide, strontium oxide and calcium.

They grew six layers of insulating lanthanum copper oxide, and above them six layers of metallic lanthanum - strontium copper oxide.

These copper oxide ceramics, discovered in 1986, are far more practical than metal alloy superconductors.

The team used their diamond sensor to measure properties of a thin layer of yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO), one of the two most popular types of high - temperatures superconductor.