Coral snake venom carries significant neurotoxicity and human injuries can be severe or even lethal.
Rokyta says there could be several explanations for the lack of variation in eastern
coral snake venom.
The mix of proteins in
coral snake venom from one part of the state was indistinguishable from that collected anywhere else.
Not exact matches
The results of a large - scale survey of
venom variation in the two
snake species, published January 8, 2015 in the journal Genetics, challenge common assumptions in
venom evolution research, provide crucial information for rattlesnake conservation, and will help
coral snake antivenom development.
But no matter where you go in the Southeastern United States, the
venom of the eastern
coral snake is always the same.
But when Darin Rokyta (Florida State University) and his colleagues collected and profiled
venom from eastern
coral snakes at many sites within Florida, they found no variation at all.
Each venomous
snake species produces a unique
venom, a mixture of around 50 - 200 toxic proteins and protein fragments that co-evolve with the typical prey of the
snake, such as the smaller reptiles eaten by the eastern
coral snake or the rodents preferred by rattlesnakes.
Laita gave the example of the blue
coral snake, which has an incredibly long
venom gland, running nearly half the length of its body.
Since 2003, the only FDA - approved
coral snake antivenom has been discontinued, leading to patients being hospitalized for treatment while the effects of the
venom wear off.
The researchers identified 5 toxins within the
snake venom and used a technique called SPOT - synthesis to identify the sections of the toxin (epitopes) that are recognized by
coral snake antivenom antibodies.
One more bit of lore regarding tricolors: There is a famous poem that people use to test the safety of an unknown
snake and figure out if it is king or
coral by the order of colors in the banding: «Red touch black,
venom lack; red touch yellow, kill a fellow.»
There are also reptiles like the Jergon Bothrops and the
coral micrurus
snake (lethal for its
venom), lizards, frogs, and numerous Andean and jungle fauna which inhabit the Sanctuary.