The expansion of
corn for ethanol in the American Midwest has worsened water pollution and soil erosion, and has had no benefit in terms of reduced emissions.
If you divide 154 mmt (
corn for ethanol) / 321 mmt (total grain harvest) =
corn for ethanol might require 48 percent of the US grain harvest (corn and wheat combined).
Project Duration: September 2012 — August 2017 The use of
corn for ethanol production carries side effects, including food security concerns owing to its use as a staple food crop.
note 76;
corn for ethanol from USDA, Feedgrains Database, op.
He was once a self - proclaimed «pig farmer,» but these days he and his family are mostly involved in growing
corn for ethanol and soybeans for biodiesel.
93 In a world that no longer has excess cropland capacity, every acre planted in
corn for ethanol means another acre must be cleared somewhere for crop production.
«The pattern we show is consistent with the expansion of
corn for ethanol, the reduction of areas around fields that weren't cultivated before,» said senior author, Prof Taylor Ricketts from the University of Vermont.
No more
corn for ethanol.
And a 2009 study led by Robert Jackson, who at the time was the Nicholas Professor of Global Environmental Change at Duke University's Nicholas School of the Environment, concluded that plowing up untilled land to grow more
corn for ethanol fuel is «an inefficient and expensive greenhouse gas mitigation policy.»
An ad by the anti-ethanol group «Smarter Fuel Future» says: «Mandating
corn for ethanol doubles greenhouse gas emissions compared to gasoline, over 30 years.»
«Depending on prior land use, our analysis shows that carbon releases from the soil after planting
corn for ethanol may in some cases completely offset carbon gains attributed to biofuel generation for at least 50 years,» they note.
But the study comes at a time when farmers and producers are already receiving federal subsidies to grow more
corn for ethanol under the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007.
The authors added, «[O] ur analysis shows that carbon releases from the soil after planting
corn for ethanol may in some cases completely offset carbon gains attributed to biofuel generation for at least 50 years.»
Their findings showed a startling 218 - 990 million hectares of land would have to be converted to switchgrass (which is 14 - 65 times as much land as the US uses to grow
corn for ethanol); also 17 - 79 million tonnes of fertiliser a year — which would be 75 % of all global nitrogen fertiliser used at present; and 1.6 - 7.4 trillion cubic metres of water a year.
I think this attempted answer also merges into another failed tributary in addressing our oil addiction: growing
corn for Ethanol?
Meanwhile, we are witnessing an extraordinary increase in disastrous climatic changes as well as shortages of wheat due, in part to weather conditions and also to conversion of wheat fields to produce
corn for ethanol.
By 2016 about 43 percent of thatarea will be used to harvest
corn for ethanol.
He found that over 30 years, corn - based ethanol would actually increase emissions by nearly 100 percent, because farmers exploit previously unfarmed land to grow
corn for ethanol.
According to analyses that have been published in Science and carried out by the California Air Resources Board, corn - based ethanol is actually worse than gasoline, mainly because growing more
corn for ethanol forces farmers to clear additional grasslands and forests to grow food crops.
Not exact matches
When former U.S. vice-president Al Gore said last fall that his earlier enthusiasm
for corn - based
ethanol production in the United States was a mistake, he was conceding something that had long been obvious: the practice of diverting food crops to biofuels has contributed to food shortages and driven up prices
for staples across the globe.
And Brazil, arguably the world leader in making
ethanol from crops, has been turning sugar cane into fuel
for nearly three decades — a process that is 30 % cheaper than
corn - based production in the U.S.
Much of the ETBE used in Japan is already made in the United States using Brazilian sugarcane
ethanol, so the new rules should make it easy
for producers to switch quickly to U.S.
corn - based sources.
The nation's energy policy calls
for so much
ethanol that it consumes 40 % of the
corn produced in the United States.
Indeed, The New York Times reported in March that Mr. Icahn was pressing
for a change in a requirement that refiners be held responsible
for ensuring that
corn - based
ethanol is mixed into gasoline.»
Also in the Post, Terence Corcoran wonders whether
Corn Cob Bob — the friendly spokesmascot for the Canadian Renewable Fuels Association — will survive its ongoing battle with the C.D. Howe Institute, which recently released a report questioning the environmental and economic justifications for corn ethanol subsid
Corn Cob Bob — the friendly spokesmascot
for the Canadian Renewable Fuels Association — will survive its ongoing battle with the C.D. Howe Institute, which recently released a report questioning the environmental and economic justifications
for corn ethanol subsid
corn ethanol subsidies.
In 2008, subsidies to produce
corn ethanol reduced the amount of
corn available
for food.
There are higher
ethanol yield crops that can be grown in areas unsuitable
for corn.
In addition there are versions of
corn that can be grown where the stalk and leaves have been modified to produce the material
for ethanol while the grain can be harvested
for food.
«The uses
for corn in
ethanol production coupled with drought conditions throughout the Midwest growing regions have led to dramatic price increases affecting everything from prepared foods to animal feed
for our dairy and meat products,» he states.
In addition to
ethanol, LifeLine also creates
corn oil
for the biodiesel industry, thus enabling it to cut down on waste while expanding its market reach.
For other recipes beware that extractives (such as vanilla) are usually extracted in
corn - derived
ethanol.
The explanation
for the hefty price of free - range eggs has something to do with the dynamics of increased
corn production
for ethanol and the resulting decrease in production of other less expensive feed.
Meanwhile, new reports in the United States showed that two million acres of native grasslands have been converted to
corn and soy monocultures in the past five years alone, driven in part by government subsidies and targets
for the
ethanol industry.
«GMA applauds today's overwhelming and bi-partisan support
for an amendment offered by Senators Feinstein and Coburn to end wasteful subsidies
for corn ethanol.
To the west is the beginning of about 1,000 miles of rows of
corn mostly, which feed our cattle and provides
ethanol for our cars.
After a much - quoted warning that «America is addicted to oil» in this year's State of the Union address, President Bush called
for «cutting - edge methods of producing
ethanol, not just from
corn but from wood chips and stalks or switchgrass.
Using Patzek's methodology
for every aspect of
ethanol production save the conversion process itself, a gallon of
Corn Plus
ethanol consumes less energy than it contains — even before factoring in credit
for coproducts.
Last year about 1.6 billion bushels of
corn were fermented in the United States to produce 4 billion gallons of
ethanol, double the amount
for 2001.
When you go to Washington to get stuff, sometimes you get the wrong stuff, like subsidies
for corn ethanol — the wrong feedstock
for the wrong fuel.
«
Corn - based
ethanol, instead of producing a 20 percent savings [in greenhouse gas emissions], nearly doubles greenhouse emissions over 30 years and increases greenhouse gases
for 167 years,» the researchers write.
And unlike the
corn used to produce
ethanol in the United States, algae do not compete with food
for farmland, one of the biggest problems with current biofuels.
Ethanol demand in the U.S.,
for example, has caused some farmers to plant more
corn and less soy.
The same is true
for other forms of transportation fuel, whether
corn ethanol for cars or algal oil to power ships.
This problem can become even bigger
for biofuels like
corn ethanol that emit greenhouse gases at every step, from laughing gas emanating from
corn fields after fertilization to the CO2 from the fermentation of kernels into
ethanol.
Commercial - scale efforts have existed
for over a hundred years that convert
corn, sugar cane and other plant - based substances into a wide array of products, ranging from fuel such as
corn - based
ethanol to ingredients in many consumer goods, such as soap and detergents.
That's because fermenting
corn into
ethanol delivers less liquid fuel energy
for internal combustion engines than does burning the kernels to generate power
for electric motors.
When the purse strings do open, they tend to support projects with well - defined constituencies: farmers whose
corn can be distilled into
ethanol to mix with gasoline,
for instance.
When existing
corn is used
for ethanol, what comes out of the tailpipe doesn't change and what is taken out of the atmosphere doesn't change either because the
corn would be grown anyway.
In setting state rules
for low - carbon fuels, California officials have calculated that
corn ethanol is worse than gasoline.
The rest can still be fed into the
corn supply chain to make
ethanol or grits or any of the other products
corn is already used
for.