Many experts on educational attainment
levels have noted that high schools that serve low -
income students tend to have overworked counselors who must handle many more students than do their
counterparts at wealthier high schools.
At that income, you can still afford things like a car, hobbies, entertainment, eating out and vacations, only at a more modest level than better - off counterpart
At that
income, you can still afford things like a car, hobbies, entertainment, eating out and vacations, only
at a more modest level than better - off counterpart
at a more modest
level than better - off
counterparts.
For example, compared to older mothers, teen mothers display lower
levels of verbal stimulation and involvement, higher
levels of intrusiveness, and maternal speech that is less varied and complex.47, 48 Mothers with fewer years of education read to their children less frequently25, 49 and demonstrate less sophisticated language and literacy skills themselves, 50 which affects the quantity and quality of their verbal interactions with their children.2 Parental education, in turn, relates to household
income: poverty and persistent poverty are strongly associated with less stimulating home environments, 51 and parents living in poverty have children who are
at risk for cognitive, academic, and social - emotional difficulties.52, 53 Finally, Hispanic and African American mothers are, on average, less likely to read to their children than White, non-Hispanic mothers; 54 and Spanish - speaking Hispanic families have fewer children's books available in the home as compared to their non-Hispanic
counterparts.25 These racial and ethnic findings are likely explained by differences in family resources across groups, as minority status is often associated with various social - demographic risks.