Furthermore, as drought conditions plague much of the US, cities are being forced to choose between electricity generation and
crop irrigation as freshwater sources dwindle.
Not exact matches
To this end, the soil — from which our nourishment comes — must be carefully husbanded by the use of the many techniques now well understood by scientific farmers, such
as proper drainage and
irrigation, contour plowing,
crop rotation, fertilization, and preservation of forests and grassland.
Improving water infiltration and retention capacity through high levels of organic matter and permanent soil cover, such
as cover
crops or mulch, which substantially reduce the amount of water needed for
irrigation.
They include: high levels of degraded soils; reductions in
irrigation quotas to restore the health of the Murray - Darling system; the re-forestation of some agricultural land to meet emissions reductions targets; the impacts of peak oil, such
as the diversion of food
crops into feed - stock for biofuels; and the price and
crop yield implications of peak phosphorous, given Australia's dependence on imported fertilisers.
But cotton is a popular
crop in western states and countries such
as Uzbekistan, where the Aral Sea has been all but eradicated by
crop irrigation.
Things of paramount importance in farmers» valuations were excluded, such
as a lands» fertility and
irrigation or its ability to grow a wider variety of
crops.
Dodd's work has applications in saving water for
irrigation managers and could lead to a reduction in the water requirements of
crops such
as wheat and potatoes.
When analyzing water, for instance, according to Conservation International, researchers studied the value of the
crops dependent on water for
irrigation,
as well
as the value of the energy water generates through hydroelectric dams, among other factors.
Drip
irrigation for vegetable
crops, in which small amounts of water are emitted right at a plant's roots, is estimated to be
as much
as 95 percent efficient.
Need for strong public outreach Agricultural production accounts for the greatest amount of global water consumption, and in this sector the authors suggest a variety of efficiency proposals such
as improved
irrigation systems and switching to
crop varieties that consume less water.
WATER LOSS Humans water
crops, like the rice fields shown here, using methods such
as irrigation.
In many cases farmers can indeed grow
crops without
irrigation,
as Pearce states, but their low yields are certain to be insufficient.
«By adaptation, we mean a range of options based on existing technologies, such
as switching varieties of a
crop, installing
irrigation or growing a different
crop, one better suited to warmer temperatures,» said Lobell, the associate director of the Center on Food Security and the Environment at Stanford.
Consumption of environmental services, such
as water (
crop irrigation alone counts for 70 % of the world's freshwater withdrawals), should be taxed, say the researchers, and any subsidies should be paid on the proviso that they are
as much for protecting the land
as for farming it.
«
As a fundamental technology that underpinned the agropastoralist societies in Xinjiang,
irrigation probably spread to Xinjiang through the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor along with
crops during prehistory.»
Preliminary analysis,
as detailed by Li and co-authors in the December issue of the journal Archaeological Research in Asia, suggests that the
irrigation system was built in the 3rd or 4th century A.D. by local herding communities looking to add more
crop cultivation to their mix of food and livestock production.
«
As research on ancient crop exchanges along the Silk Road matures, archaeologists should investigate not only the crops themselves, but also the suite of technologies, such as irrigation, that would have enabled «agropastoralists» to diversify their economies,» Li sai
As research on ancient
crop exchanges along the Silk Road matures, archaeologists should investigate not only the
crops themselves, but also the suite of technologies, such
as irrigation, that would have enabled «agropastoralists» to diversify their economies,» Li sai
as irrigation, that would have enabled «agropastoralists» to diversify their economies,» Li said.
The connections to
irrigation practices and global grain supplies, to Conservation Reserve Program land, to cover -
cropping practices, and to fire risks alluded to in this section and elsewhere in this assessment are all reminders that the interdependence of livestock and
crop agriculture will likely loom large
as Montana experiences the cumulative effects of climate change.
It's a small but beautiful farming town where various
crops are under
irrigation, such
as grapes, potatoes and groundnuts to mention a few.
The more obvious steps, in addition to more water - efficient
irrigation practices and water - efficient
crops, include adopting more water - efficient industrial processes and using both more water - efficient household appliances and those that use no water at all, such
as the new odorless dry - compost toilets.
Methods such
as accurate water measurement and soil moisture monitoring, laser - leveling fields, using conservation tillage to retain soil moisture, switching to low energy precision application sprinklers, lining canals, and employing subsurface drip
irrigation where possible could save upwards of 40 percent of agriculture's water use while improving
crop yields and saving energy.
Agricultural Impacts
Crop yield may decrease if climate changes
As droughts increase, the demand for
irrigation water increases putting more stress on already depleted aquifers.
Certain advanced
irrigation methods, such
as regulated deficit
irrigation, can cut this by
as much
as 30 % or more, but these are not widely applied yet and such methods also may affect
crop yields and quality.
Water Use per Acre of Almonds: All
crops require water and the total water requirement varies throughout the growing season
as a function of temperature and other climatic factors, the characteristics of the plants themselves, soil conditions,
irrigation methods and efficiencies, and more.
Enhanced resilience to future periods of drought stress may also be supported by improvements in existing rain - fed farming systems (Rockström, 2003), such
as water - harvesting systems to supplement
irrigation practices in semi-arid farming systems («more
crop per drop» strategies, see Table 9.2).
As far as irrigation goes, we need to plan and plant our annual crops in either Autumn or Sprin
As far
as irrigation goes, we need to plan and plant our annual crops in either Autumn or Sprin
as irrigation goes, we need to plan and plant our annual
crops in either Autumn or Spring.
Countries such
as Britain need to focus on helping nations in the developing world cope with the predicted impacts, by helping them to introduce
irrigation and water management technology, drought resistant
crops and new building techniques.
The hydroponic units are cloud - connected, so farmers can remotely track the growth of their
crops,
as well
as control
irrigation, humidity, and plant nutrition.
These actions mostly address sectoral interests, such
as agricultural practices (e.g., altering sowing times,
crop cultivars and species, and
irrigation and fertilizer control), public health measures for heat - related risks (e.g., early warning systems and air pollution control), disaster risk reduction (e.g., early warning systems), and water resources (e.g., supply and demand management).
Societies have faced both gradual and abrupt climate changes for millennia and have learned to adapt through various mechanisms, such
as moving indoors, developing
irrigation for
crops, and migrating away from inhospitable regions.
Global Warming floods and droughts
crops, increases insect and fungal growth, increases the spread of said non-indigenous vermin, alters the range of
crops to where geology and infrastructure (such
as irrigation and farms) is not favourable (north of the Southern Manitoba bread - basket is boreal forest too acidic for
crops and north even further is only accessible by winter roads)...... these problems are potentially solvable, but certainly
as soon
as Chinese Himalayan meltwater dries up, or
as soon
as a Monsoon season fails because of Global Warming, the next decade of cost savings by following the Republican / Conservative geoengineering «plan»... such preventable events in the midst of an economic golden age will be looked on by future generations
as evil.
Cellulosic ethanol proponents have pushed the idea of using farm waste
as a way to boost biofuel production without impacting food
crops, but such conversion may carry a hidden cost in areas with insufficient rainfall or lacking
irrigation, warns a soil scientist from Washington State University.
IMHO a better approach to biofuel would be a
crop that can be grown without
irrigation in wasteland such
as the playas of the desert southwest and that yields an oil that does not require distillation or other energy intensive processing.
The multi-year analyses are most important for analysing water resources with respect to «drought for
irrigation» (
as compared to agricultural drought of rain - fed pastures and
crops).
This highlights the vulnerability of many agricultural systems and associated human vulnerability to future climatic changes,
as necessary adjustments to farming practices (e.g., using more tolerant
crop varieties,
irrigation, etc.) are likely to be costly and some of the most extreme reductions in plant growing days are expected in tropical countries with limited economic capacity (Figs 2 and 5).
For bigger farms, such
as those using center - pivot
irrigation (which is responsible for those giant green
crop circles seen when flying over ag land), solar power is an option, replacing diesel, propane, or grid power
as the motive factor in these systems.