Circles represent weighted ratio mean estimates, error bars represent 95 % confidence limits for the weighted ratio; triangles represent the median
crop yield ratio for all states included in the analysis.
For example, Jesse Ausubel, Iddo Wernick, and Paul Waggoner break down changes in cropland area into five factors: population, per - capita income, food consumption, the
ratio of
crop production to the total supply of calories consumed by people, and
crop yields.