Under the prophetic influence religion took on a new character which was reflected both in the organized cult and in the formulation of civil as well as moral and
cultic laws.
On these matters some would argue that
the cultic laws of the Old Testament are no longer binding, and they must be distinguished from its moral commandments.
Not exact matches
Israel appropriated the prophetic message and entered into prophetic existence without abandoning its
cultic traditions or overcoming the archaic elements in its
law.
In their historical context, however, the issues, in response to which the Pauline formula was forged, no longer existed: because Christianity was well on the way to becoming a gentile religion, separate from Judaism, the question of the salutary benefit of faith in Christ, which earlier had arisen among Christians who did not observe the
cultic requirements of Jewish
law, and in that sense were without «works of the
law, arose now among Christians whose lives exhibited moral laxity, which could be understood in terms of popular moral philosophy.
We can not at this point follow the tragic, challenging story of Jeremiah, but with reference to the
law he saw, more clearly than any other man of his time, that its essence could not be fulfilled by
cultic busyness at the temple.
The priest sees God's goal as something much more immediately manageable; namely a world where life is regulated by the God - given
law, and any margin of failure is covered by
cultic atonement.
The first section is characterized by the formula, «If so - and - so... he (the offender) shall do thus - and - so...» This is termed «casuistic»
law, and is generally thought to have been derived largely from the Canaanites; for the most part it has to do with what we should commonly call secular rather than specifically
cultic or religious matters.
Apodictic
law has to do with specifically
cultic or theological matters (for example, 22:20); it is implicitly much more closely related to the religion of the Covenant community.
Apodictic
law explicitly deals with
cultic or theological concerns (e.g., 22:20); it is implicitly more closely related to the particular life of covenant Israel and the Yahweh faith.
Instead we should say that Israel is no longer defined in ethnic and
cultic terms (those born Jews who keep the
law) but rather that it consists of all those (Jews and Gentiles) who believe in Messiah Jesus.