The combination of a string of decisions in this field, coupled with the implicit acceptance or acquiescence of all the international subjects concerned, clearly indicates the existence of the practice and opinio juris necessary for holding that
a customary rule of international law has evolved.
Not exact matches
The argument that there is a right
of humanitarian intervention is usually put as an argument that a
rule of customary international law has developed since the UN Charter.
This strong ethical and moral responsibility is derivable both from the universally accepted moral principles including the widely accepted golden
rule which requires people to treat others as they wish to be treated, and
international law including, but not limited to the «no harm»
rule which is a widely recognized principle
of customary international law whereby a State is duty - bound to prevent, reduce and control the risk
of environmental harm to other states and a
rule agreed to by all nations in the preamble to the UNFCCC, the «polluter - pays principle» agreed to by almost all nations in the 1992 Rio Declaration, human rights
law which requires nations to assure that their citizens enjoy human rights, and many other legal theories including tort
law.
This strong ethical and moral responsibility is derivable both from the universally accepted moral principles including the widely accepted golden
rule which requires people to treat others as they wish to be treated, and
international law including, but not limited to: (a) the «no harm»
rule which is a widely recognized principle
of customary international law whereby a State is duty - bound to prevent, reduce and control the risk
of environmental harm to other states, and a
rule agreed to by all nations in the preamble to the UNFCCC, (b) the «polluter - pays principle» agreed to by almost all nations in the 1992 Rio Declaration, (c) human rights
law which requires nations to assure that their citizens enjoy human rights, and (d) many other legal theories including tort
law.
«Finally, the link which the provisions
of Chapter 13
of the envisaged agreement display with trade between the European Union and the Republic
of Singapore is also specific in nature because a breach
of the provisions concerning social protection
of workers and environmental protection, set out in that chapter, authorises the other Party — in accordance with the
rule of customary international law codified in Article 60 (1)
of the Convention on the
law of treaties, -LSB-...]-- to terminate or suspend the liberalisation, provided for in the other provisions
of the envisaged agreement,
of that trade.»
46 To that end, it should be noted that, on the basis
of customary rules of general
international law and those
of multilateral agreements, the Head
of State enjoys a particular status in
international relations which entails, inter alia, privileges and immunities.
To show the existence
of a
rule of customary international law, a lawyer musters examples
of state practice, whether manifested in treaties, national legislation and court cases, diplomatic correspondence, or other miscellany.»
It is not immediately clear to me what purpose is served by Aldo's comparison between comparative
law and
customary international law, unless,
of course, comparative
law is seen mainly as a technique to identify legal
rules that are ripe for transplantation to another legal system.
Whereas the GC primarily relied on EU
law to come to the partial annulment, the Court fully based its argumentation on
customary international rules of treaty interpretation, applying these
rules to the GC's argumentation.
The corrected view
of the common
law position prior to the English Act
of 1978 is as expressed by Lord Collins and not as expressed by the Hong Kong Court and the Mighell
rule does not reflect current English
law, common
law, civil
law in general nor
customary international law at the time
of the Contract or now.
A Court could identify a
rule of customary international law only if enough states follow a consistent practice, on the footing that it is a legal obligation.
Where an
international obligation does exist, whether under a treaty or a
rule of customary international law, a State is barred from invoking its internal
law including its constitution.
Although
customary international law contained
rules concerning the protection
of foreign investment as part
of the
international minimum standard, it remained a
law governing the relations between States.
Our public
international law practice finds us advising on claims under the European Convention of Human Rights, disputes involving the application of the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the rules and principles concerning dealings with the effective government of a State, the customary rules of the Law of the Sea and the effects of termination of and withdrawal from international treati
law practice finds us advising on claims under the European Convention
of Human Rights, disputes involving the application
of the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the
rules and principles concerning dealings with the effective government
of a State, the
customary rules of the
Law of the Sea and the effects of termination of and withdrawal from international treati
Law of the Sea and the effects
of termination
of and withdrawal from
international treaties.
Finally, the «unquestionable
customary norm» from Rule 158 of the Customary International Law Study's that «States must investigate war crimes allegedly by their nationals or armed forces, or on their territory, and, if appropriate, prosecute the suspect
customary norm» from
Rule 158
of the
Customary International Law Study's that «States must investigate war crimes allegedly by their nationals or armed forces, or on their territory, and, if appropriate, prosecute the suspect
Customary International Law Study's that «States must investigate war crimes allegedly by their nationals or armed forces, or on their territory, and, if appropriate, prosecute the suspects.»
If the problems
of research method that I have described prevent courts from «effectively and timely» identifying
customary international law, then the
Rule would seem to permit them to use special masters to supplement their efforts.
I was particularly struck by the Appeals Chamber assertion (para. 43
of the decision) that a
rule of customary international law now exists to the effect that
international courts and tribunals possess an inherent jurisdiction, which confers on each
of them the power to determine the scope
of their own jurisdiction (competence de la competence; Kompetenz - Kompetenz).
It is not necessarily the case, however, that the recognition
of a [
customary international law] norm against torture as the basis for some type
of private
law remedy in this instance would bring the entire system
of international law crashing down,» said the
ruling by Justice Mary Newbury, with justices Peter Willcock and Gail Dickson agreeing.