It must also take into consideration the particular characteristics of Indigenous
customary titles and protect not just the formal title but those inherent characteristics of the title as well.
The World Bank acknowledges
customary title as a means of facilitating econ omic development and recently noted that «subject to minimum conditions, [
customary title] is generally more effective than premature attempts at establish ing formalised structures».38 It should be noted that agricultural use of land is a key element of the value of land in the World Bank analysis, whereas this is not necessarily the case for remote land held under Indigenous communal ownership.
The World Bank acknowledges
customary title as a means of facilitating economic development, and recently noted that «subject to minimum conditions, [
customary title] is generally more effective than premature attempts at establishing formalised structures».
Buyers and sellers pay
the customary title and closing fees for their area; there are no additional charges.
Not exact matches
We're denied even the smallest formal aspects we've seen and heard for the last decade, such as the triumphant Marvel Studios
title sequence or the
customary feel - good opening scene for our beloved heroes.
But what is in mind here is not so much a reference to kinship as a
customary Messianic
title.
we want to make a
title challenge from our
customary 4th.
Suarez scored again in a routine 4 - 0 win over Spurs, and grabbed his by - now -
customary goal at Carrow Road in a 3 - 2 victory which left Liverpool needing seven points from their last three matches to be certain of the
title.
They turned the Bundesliga on its head, not only beating Bayern Munich to the Bundesliga
title in 2010/11 (before Pep Guardiola's arrival, it was
customary for Bayern to lose it every other year) but retaining the championship despite the Bavarian's attempt to answer in 2011/12.
Though it doesn't feature the theme it's become synonymous with, Brian Tyler's fabulous end
title music begs to be sat through, and not just for the
customary post-credits sequence that follows.
While it is
customary for popular AAA
titles to ship with not just one Collector's Edition alongside the base game, and instead with multiple editions with various pricing, Rockstar never really jumped on this boat.
With their
customary irreverence, the Coens take nothing seriously in Fargo, beginning with a
title card proclaiming in capital letters «THIS IS A TRUE STORY» which occured in Minnesota in 1987.
Our sources stated that Call of Duty would release as a «fully fledged» Call of Duty
title, with a campaign that is already being worked on, the
customary Call of Duty Multiplayer experience and the return of its Zombies mode.
However, it is normally
customary for the seller to choose the closing
title company, not the purchaser.
/ ~ pion dog or bitch in the United States, The only restriction on contestants for ~ the
title being that they must have previously placed first, second, third or fourth during the calendar year, in a Trial for the breed in this country where championship points are awarded, It is the purpose of this Trial to determine the best Springer of the year under the usual and
customary trial procedures» but «covering more trial days and more series per dog, in order that consist ant, outstanding, dog work over the entire trial may be demonstrated and the element of luck eliminated as nearly as possible in the final judging of all contestants, Thus no trick or unusual tests WIll be allowed and the dogs will be tested in a manner approximating a rough days, shoot adjoining water as closely as is possible with planted game, There will be a minimum of five land series and two water series and the winning and placing dogs will be required to complete all series to receive an award, The trophy for the best amateur handler in the trials will be awarded only in the event that the recipient is able = to complete all series required of the winning and placing dogs.
Its rulers, who bear the
title «Tjokorda» or «Agung» still live in
customary royal residences, called «Puris».
While it is
customary for popular AAA
titles to ship with not just one Collector's Edition alongside the base game, and instead with multiple editions with various pricing, Rockstar never really jumped on this boat.
As has become
customary with many AAA
titles, a modder solved the problem independently, and the game was no less broken than it already was.
As is
customary nowadays, Sony showed a sizzle reel of indie games during their E3 Press Conference showcasing the following
titles as PlayStation exclusives.
Customary for this time of the Holiday shopping season, the simultaneous release of so many triple - A
titles means that some games won't earn the undivided attention of the gaming public.
It wouldn't be a Resistance
title without the
customary pieces of intel scattered throughout the game.
The exhibition's
title «The Flesh Is Yours, The Bones Are Ours» refers to a
customary Turkish saying used when an apprentice was given over to a master — meant to convey that the teacher was granted influence over their pupil.
The pictures in Barnett's To Accident and Abandon Such
Customary Writings series are emblematic of the tension suggested in the
title of the FotoFest - Houston Center for Photography joint exhibition, Moving / Still: Recent Photography by Texas Artists, the fifth iteration of the organizations» collaborative series Talent in Texas.
The most important step was establishing Communal
Customary Right of Occupancy (CCRO) for the Hadza — essentially legal
title to the land where they live.
Notwithstanding several references to the
customary laws of indigenous communities (see e.g. paras 31 and 35), Tsilhqot» in presents a view of aboriginal
title as simply «Aboriginal land law» (at para 10) rather than as part of a more comprehensive normative order.
Transfer of ownership shall be deemed to occur in any of the
customary ways such transactions are conducted in the place where the vehicle is located, including, but not limited to, transfer of
title for the vehicle to a third party.
In - depth knowledge of national and local
customary practices, as well as coordination of
title, underwriting and escrow matters.
For legal reasons, companies usually provide dates of employment and job
titles, but the anonymity built into the tool allows references to provide more than the
customary confirmation.
The recognition of native
title is a recognition of
customary law; it accepts that only Indigenous people will be eligible for these rights which are inherent to them; and it implies self - determination within the life of the nation.
Like the issue in relation to benefits, membership of a native
title group should be decided according to the
customary laws of the Indigenous group.
Native
title law involves the translation of complex Indigenous social relations, spiritual attachment to land and
customary norms into legal rights which make sense to the Australian legal system.
Native
title determination applications deal with the concept of
customary law and in most cases are made on behalf of a number of people.
The insertion of
customary institutions and jurisdictions into the market - place through agreement making, such as Aboriginal heritage management agreements, consultation protocols and intra-Indigenous agreements over boundaries of native
title applications, is not mere syncretisation of tradition and modernity, but a transformation of relationships.
In the United States of America and New Zealand there have been significant attempts to convert Indigenous
customary land to individual freehold
titles for many years.
In a number of overseas countries the debate about the respective merits of
customary or communally held
titles and individual land
titles has a long history.
The weakening distinction between
customary and commercial rights can also be seen in a recent native
title consent determination between the Victorian Government and the Gunditjmara people (see the case study at the end of this chapter).
[22] The Court ordered Nicaragua to carry out the delimitation, demarcation and corresponding
titling of the lands of the Awas Tigni community, within 15 months, with full participation by the community, and taking into account its
customary law, values customs and mores.
The Court ordered Nicaragua to carry out the delimitation, demarcation and corresponding
titling of the lands of the Awas Tigni community, within 15 months, with full participation by the community, and taking into account its
customary law, values customs and mores: [164].
The National Water Initiative also commits all States and Territories of the MDB to increasing indigenous representation in water planning; recognising Indigenous peoples water needs, and providing for Indigenous access to water resources; incorporating indigenous social, spiritual and
customary objectives and strategies; and acknowledging the possible existence of native
title rights to water.
While the law has established that native
title rights and interests can include the right to fish or gather marine resources of the sea, rivers, lakes and inter-tidal zones, these rights and interests have generally been interpreted as giving only non exclusive
customary native
title rights in water.
Customary water usage is recognised under native
title, but can be subject to the doctrine of extinguishment.
Similarly, Les Malezer has argued that the onus upon Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples of proving that they have a
customary connection to their lands is one of the «fundamentally discriminatory aspects» of the Native
Title Act.
Recent High Court decisions interpreting the scope of the Native
Title Act have also provided a restrictive interpretation to the ability for native title to protect or recognise Aboriginal Customary
Title Act have also provided a restrictive interpretation to the ability for native
title to protect or recognise Aboriginal Customary
title to protect or recognise Aboriginal
Customary Law.
Furthermore, both the United States of America and New Zealand had made significant attempts to convert Indigenous
customary land to individual freehold
title and leasehold
title, and recently both countries have taken steps to overturn this approach due to adverse impacts.
Accordingly, it is not a necessary conclusion that the right of innocent passage negates claims of exclusive native
title rights to
customary marine tenures in Australian law.
Some of the difficulties relating to the recognition of
customary law at common law have been discussed above in relation in to limitations in the development of native
title.
These decisions indicate the limitations of relying upon the native
title system in order for Indigenous people to have aspects of Aboriginal
Customary Law recognised and consequently for them to be able to enjoy their cultural and property rights.
Significantly, this does not reflect the non-existence or abandonment of Aboriginal
Customary Law but instead the inability or unwillingness of the native
title system to act as a vehicle to recognise and protect it.
The discussion paper for this inquiry,
titled Towards mutual benefit, contains an overview of the consideration of Aboriginal
Customary Law to date at the national level and in the Northern Territory.
The third situation, mooted above, is the possibility of the recognition of exclusive native
title rights subject only to international
customary law rights of innocent passage.