Sentences with word «cytoplasm»

That was a really important clue because the importance of that discovery is that you could specifically degrade a protein in cytoplasm while all the others were perfectly stable.

They are formed by proteins and an RNA molecule called mRNA that accumulates in the cell cytoplasm in response to stress.

Ever wonder how biologists use RNA sequencing from cytoplasm to decode a cell's stress response?

They plotted these measurements onto the diagram and found that, given their size and speed, these organelles should experience a range of resistances within cytoplasm.

Certain organelles may have to work harder to make their way through cytoplasm, and may therefore feel more resistance.

Now engineers at MIT have found that these organelles and other intracellular components may experience the surrounding cytoplasm as very different environments as they travel.

Oocytes, unfertilized eggs, have an exceptionally large cytoplasm containing RNA and protein that drives the early cleavage divisions and reprograms the male pronucleus to support early development.

Using an egg cytoplasm donor would reduce the risk of passing on such diseases.

Ciechanover says the discoveries helped to explain how the protein - degrading proteasome can coexist with proteins in the cell's cytoplasm without breaking down the wrong ones.

MiRNAs regulate protein synthesis in the cell cytoplasm by promoting target mRNAs» degradation and / or inhibiting their translation.

It is far more likely, however, that the egg - cell cytoplasm with its stripping factor will reprogram all the genetic material including the alterations made in the donor nucleus that were intended to prevent the creation of the zygote.

Injecting donor cytoplasm into an egg involves transferring mitochondria and their genes as well.

Additional analyses revealed that stem cells were also smaller, had a higher nucleus - to - cytoplasm ratio, and were less viscous than mature cells.

(iii) Lipid deposits (L), a sign of late stage POS phagocytosis, are observed within the iPS - RPE cytoplasm after 12 h co-culture.

Then, the sperm DNA is transferred inside the oocyte cytoplasm from the 50th minutes.

Using DNA - splicing enzymes, the Japanese team then inserted the binary - code - carrying sequence into plasmids — circular, double - stranded DNA strings that float around in bacterial cytoplasm, outside the organism's main chromosome.

The DP cells are very active with lots of cytoplasm when the hair follicle is producing a hair fiber although the DP cells do not multiply and proliferate unlike the hair producing cells above the DP.

As seen in Figure 2, the abnormal BM cells were found to exhibit eccentric, large, round - to - oval / convoluted nuclei with mostly fine chromatin and prominent nucleoli and moderate - to - abundant gray cytoplasm with several cells exhibiting multiple diminutive cytoplasmic vacuoles.

«How cytoplasm «feels» to a cell's components: In study that may guide drug design, researchers find organelles encounter varying levels of resistance.»

Infusing the problem egg with a shot of healthy cytoplasm replaces the defective machinery.

Xi says part of the trick is to suck a minuscule amount of cytoplasm out of egg cells first to make room for the injected bacteria and prevent cells from bursting.

The third parent provides nothing more than surrogate cytoplasm.

For instance, the egg - cell cytoplasm strips off all of the many epigenetic factors which differentiate a genetically restricted donor skin cell from a totipotent zygote.

Preliminary data indicate prominent accumulation of aluminum within the nuclear region and perikaryal cytoplasm of NFT - bearing hippocampal neurons, regardless of the underlying neurological diagnosis.

The cell was created by stitching together the genome of a goat pathogen called Mycoplasma mycoides from smaller stretches of DNA synthesised in the lab, and inserting the genome into the empty cytoplasm of a related bacterium.

To produce a synthetic cell, the genome must be transferred from yeast to a receptive cytoplasm.

Using fluorescence microscopy, the researchers found an accumulation of lipids in the fungal cytoplasm from samples grown in vitro as well as samples extracted directly from bee colonies.

The dynamics of the RNA messages passed between nucleus and cytoplasm provide a complex and sophisticated layer of regulation to gene expression, covered by Moore (p. 1514), who describes the teams of proteins that escort and regulate mRNA throughout the various stages of its life (and death).

The UK's Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority says it has not had any requests for licences to perform similar cytoplasm injection procedures in the UK.

If Geron can learn what chemicals in an egg cell's cytoplasm reprogram an adult cell's nucleus — the aim of their current experimentation — they can avoid using embryos altogether.

Using confocal microscopy and fluorescently labeled proteins, the scientists discovered that BAG3 appeared to be sequestering VP40 in the cell's cytoplasm away from the plasma membrane where the viral particles would need to go in order to bud off and spread to infect other cells.

These cells extend beaded strings of cytoplasm known as proplatelets, which break, releasing up to thousands of platelets.

The group reasoned that the more poroelastic cytoplasm is, the more effort an object such as an organelle needs to make to push water out of its way.

Poroelasticity originates from how fast cytoplasm can diffuse water out of a region.

In cells with the mutation, the new work shows, pores in the membrane separating the nucleus and cytoplasm become clogged, preventing vital molecules from passing through and creating a fatal cellular traffic jam.

In contrast, active processes that can knock a particle around a cell's cytoplasm do so only occasionally.

He and his team removed cytoplasm from the eggs of healthy mothers and injected it into the eggs of women having trouble getting pregnant.

In living cells, most floating structures are enclosed by membranes that help them retain their shape in the cells» watery cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm consists of fluid that is thick with proteins and structures such as mitochondria.

They extracted cytoplasm from frog eggs, which contains dynein and all of the components needed to make spindles, added fluorescent protein and the chemotherapy drug Taxol to create and stabilize microtubules, and loaded the mixture into «the world's simplest microfluidic chamber.»

The female egg cell is a huge biochemical universe unto itself, with a complex and sophisticated cytoplasm.

When a sperm cell meets an egg cell (the oocyte), it burrows through the thick outer rind surrounding the egg (the zona pellucida), enters the internal cytoplasm of the egg (the ooplasm), and locomotes its male DNA — half of the typical number of chromosomes — to the female half within about three to four hours.

A continuous cytoplasm between the persistent synergid cell and the endosperm was also observed, providing evidence for fusion of the two cells.

But Lei and Spradling found that as in fruit flies, these connected, mammalian sister germ cells also exchange cytoplasm and organelles — including mitochondria, the cell's energy factory; Golgi, the cell's packaging service; and centrosomes, which manage cell division.

If you could take a cell from any organism — an alga, giant sequoia, condor, or your second cousin — and dive through its membrane into its clear liquid cytoplasm interior, you would find that all life as we know it shares the same building blocks.