Nevertheless, their protein - conformation dependent traits are dominantly inherited from mother cells to all daughter cells and could be transmitted via
cytoplasmic transfer — two key prion traits.
For example, embryologist Jacques Cohen, scientific director at the Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Science of Saint Barnabas in Livingston, New Jersey, has developed a procedure called
cytoplasmic transfer that shows promise for assisting women approaching their early forties who either can't get pregnant through in vitro fertilization or have embryos of such poor quality they don't survive.
Cytoplasmic transfer involves injecting a bit of cytoplasm — the jellylike substance that surrounds the nucleus of an egg — from a healthy donor egg into the egg of an infertile woman before the egg is fertilized.
In May biologists at the Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Science of St. Barnabas Medical Center in Livingston, New Jersey, reported that three of 16 babies born through
cytoplasmic transfer at their center indeed carried mitochondrial DNA from the donor cytoplasm.
Among 18 conceptions aided by
cytoplasmic transfer at St. Barnabas, two had Turner's — about six times the natural rate.
Before the US government halted «
cytoplasmic transfer» in 2002 around 30 IVF babies were born by the technique.
Not exact matches
To get around that problem, some researchers have tried nuclear
transfer using a human cell and egg cells from rabbits or cows to produce so - called
cytoplasmic hybrids, or cybrids.
In the 1940s and 50s, scientists were working to understand genetic
cytoplasmic factors that could be
transferred between cells.
E. coli (green cells) uses intercellular nanotubes to
transfer cytoplasmic materials to Acinetobacter baylyi (arrows, red cells)(Pande et al., Nat Commun 2015).