Sentences with phrase «cytosine bases»

Methylation of cytosine bases is an epigenetic mechanism by which gene expression is regulated.

They then showed that the increase in excitability required enzymatic demethylation of the cytosine bases of the DNA and transcription.

These bonds almost always form between an adenine base on one strand and a thymine on the other strand and between a cytosine base on one strand and a guanine base on the other.

Not exact matches

DNA is base - 4, composed of adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine (abbreviated as A, C, G and T).

The four bases — adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine, usually abbreviated A, C, G and T — constitute the alphabet of the genetic language.

The SureSeq mix increases the success and accuracy of hybridization - based NGS for FFPE samples by repairing damage such as nicks and gaps, oxidized bases, blocked 3» ends, and deamination of cytosine to uracil.

The gold - standard method for detecting DNA methylation, which Clark's group developed more than 15 years ago, is bisulphite sequencing, in which unmethylated versions of the base cytosine are chemically converted into another base, uracil.

All of the unconventional bases so far discovered are derived from the same standard base — cytosine.

One problem is that although the technique is great at distinguishing adenine from methyladenine, it doesn't quite reach single - base resolution for cytosine and methylcytosine.

Base oxidation regulates gene activity In cooperation with colleagues at LMU, as well as researchers based in Berlin, Basel and Utrecht, Carell and his group have now shown, for the first time, that a standard base other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of mBase oxidation regulates gene activity In cooperation with colleagues at LMU, as well as researchers based in Berlin, Basel and Utrecht, Carell and his group have now shown, for the first time, that a standard base other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of mbase other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of mice.

Those As, Gs, Cs and Ts are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine — the four bases that make up each strand of DNA and can tell you what organism the strand of DNA came from.

Then some of Razin's colleagues showed that methyl groups could attach to cytosine, one of the chemical bases in DNA and RNA.

DNA is made of four substances — the nucleotide bases adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine — that will combine only in specific configurations and sequences.

It was nearly 100 years after Mendel published his work that scientists discovered genes are composed of the double - helical molecule DNA, which is built from four chemical letters, or bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine.

In the bacterial kingdom, the most prevalent base modifications are in the form of DNA methylations, specifically to adenine and cytosine residuals.

The best - known example of this kind of change is a methylation of the base cytosine at the 5th position on its carbon ring (5mC).

Methyl groups bind to the DNA base cytosine.

In recent years, interest in this fifth DNA base has increased by showing that alterations in the methyl - cytosine contribute to the development of many human diseases, including cancer.

In the early 80s, to these four «classic» bases of DNA was added a fifth: the methyl - cytosine (mC) derived from cytosine.

It is formed by combining four parts: A, C, G and T (adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine), called bases of DNA combine in thousands of possible sequences to provide the genetic variability that enables the wealth of aspects and functions of living beings.

Examining the end products of the reaction, CiviŠ and his team found all four RNA bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil — three of which are also found in DNA (PNAS, doi.org/xm8).

Those four bases are adenine (A) which pairs with thymine (T)(or uracil (U) in RNA), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C).

The sequence GGAC, code for the bases guanine - guanine - adenine - cytosine, stood out because it appeared with surprising frequency in the unprocessed primary microRNAs.

It is well known that plant traits are determined by DNA, specifically by the combination of four bases (a base sequence) of A (adenine), T (thymine), C (cytosine) and G (guamine).

The basis for this observation is that the genomes of all organisms are written in an «alphabet» that consists of only four nucleobase molecules: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C).

DNA's alphabet consisted of just four letters, A, C, G and T, that stand for four chemical units, or bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine.

RNA, too is composed of four chemical bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and — in a slight departure from DNA — uracil.

Working with French composer Richard Krüll, the pair turned the complete nucleotide sequences of several microbe genes into compositions based on DNA bases: A (adenosine), C (cytosine), G (guanine), and Thymine (which they have translated to «Re,» or D).

The technique of DNA origami capitalizes on the simple base - pairing properties of DNA, a molecule built from the four nucleotides Adenine (A), Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) and (Guanine).

Biochemists have known that human DNA (as well as the DNAs of many microbes, plants and animals) contains other bases besides the canonical adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine (ACGT).

Furthermore, high - resolution analysis of cytosine methylation in primary and transformed cells has found less aberrant methylation of CpG island promoters in transformed cells than had been previously hypothesized based on candidate gene studies [58].

Based on the nucleotide context, the authors suggest that a new mutational mechanism may be at work involving cytosine deamination of single - stranded DNA (presumably during replication).

Chief among these telltale DNA alteration patterns is cytosine deamination, in which cytosine (C) bases are replaced with uracil (U), a base that normally occurs in RNA.

Cytosine deamination rates and fragmentation patterns were plotted using mapDamage2.0 (70), based on 100,000 randomly selected alignments against EquCab2.0.

In addition to the four letters or bases in DNA — A, C, G and T — This base is formed from the DNA base cytosine (C) by addition of a methyl group, and so is called mC (m for methyl).

The method changes a cytosine - guanine (CG) base pair to a thymine - adenine (TA) pair (Nature 2016, DOI: 10.1038 / nature17946 and C&EN, April 25, 2016, page 5).

The researchers analyzed hundreds of human transcription factors, which are proteins that read the genetic information coded in DNA's sequence of four nucleotide bases — adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T)-- and pass that on to RNA molecules.

But to a chemist such as Benner, of the Florida - based Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, the map of life actually is an alphabet with four letters, each representing a chemical base: adenine (represented by the letter A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).

The genome comprises 4,411,529 base pairs, contains around 4,000 genes, and has a very high guanine + cytosine content that is reflected in the biased amino - acid content of the proteins.

There are four different bases — adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymidine (T)-- which are arranged in differing sequences in a DNA molecule.

Each staple strand is made up of a specific sequence of bases (adenine, cytosine, thaline and guanine — the building blocks of DNA), which is designed to pair with specific subsequences on the scaffold strand.

By finding and attaching the complementary base pairs, students understand that adenine can only pair with thymine, and cytosine can only pair with guanine.

By creating their own model of DNA, students should understand the component parts (sugar and phosphate «backbone» with complementary base pairs, adenine and thymine, cytosine and guanine) as well as the overall three - dimensional double helix or spiral structure of the molecule.