Sentences with phrase «d allele»

If a dog has a double dose of the d allele in place of the dominant D allele at the D locus, such a dog will be blue (in the integument).

If the puppy has a recessive d allele passed on from both parents, they will have the «dilute gene» activated.

To further make their case, the LRC notes that the first Labrador retriever breeder who started regularly producing the silver colored variations was also a breeder of purebred Weimaraners, a breed in which the dd gene expression is always present and parents can ONLY pass down a d allele.

A dilute phenotype requires two copies of the recessive d allele.

Furthermore, sex - specific differences in gene polymorphism are suggested by one study showing that diabetic women carrying ACE D allele have a higher risk for development of diabetic nephropathy, which was not seen in diabetic men (Table 2)(331).

If a deleterious recessive allele becomes fixed, every subsequent generation will have that allele and only that allele to contend with.

Genotyping of a population of 329 patients with early RA revealed just over one - quarter had the allele * 2 HS1, 2 A enhancer, and one in 10 the allele * 1 HS1, 2 A enhancer, which is comparable with previously published data.7 Patients with the allele * 2 genotype had more active disease at the start of treatment and were significantly less likely to achieve a good response and / or remission after three months treatment than those patients with the allele * 1 genotype.

Having this allele reduces the risk of severe malaria by about 40 % in Kenyan children, with a slightly smaller effect across all the other populations studied.

But if the fitness cost is low, those plants will produce just as many seeds as plants that don't have the allele.

«In the group that did not have the allele, they saw what you would expect in terms of brain aging,» said Lisa James, a study author and University professor of Women's Healthy Aging in the Department of Neuroscience.

Thanks to efforts like the Exome Aggregation Consortium, we now have allele frequency data from cohorts of more than 50,000 individuals.

«[In] the people that did have this allele, there was no atrophy.»

There are about 15 FOXO3A SNP's that have alleles that have been shown by various studies to have longevity benefits.

All dogs have alleles at every locus.

Six of 33 loci had an allele with frequency > 70 %, and allele 202 at locus REN162C04 was homozygous in 101/102 dogs studied.

If he has both alleles at the D locus expressed as d, he will be dark slate - blue in both the coat and integument places that DD or Dd dogs would be black.

And the genetics of boredom, I mentioned that in the book, is dopamine receptor number two, DRD2, has an allele where 8 %, 10 %, 15 % of the population just doesn't tolerate sitting still for too long.

A serotonin transporter gene intron 2 polymorphic region, correlated with affective disorders, has allele - dependent differential enhancer - like properties in the mouse embryo

Not exact matches

I have two copies of the slow metabolism allele, which means I have an efficient metabolism: My body does a good job of storing food as energy so, unlike some, I don't need to eat just before I work out in order to have enough energy to work out.

For example, population processes associated with colonization, periods of geographic isolation, socially reinforced endogamy, and natural selection all have affected allele frequencies in certain populations (Jorde et al. 2000b; Bamshad and Wooding 2003).

In polluted environments, the surviving trees have fewer alleles than in non-polluted ones.

I would note, the simulation with the lowest population of n = 20 shows a 70 % allele fixation rate.

So in the cited reference, even though we start with 4 alleles, we know that for many, many genes, 3/4 would be lost, forever, after a few generations.

In the top panel of the figure, every time the line reaches 1.0 or 0.0, an allele has been lost forever.

Although the probability of a parent donating one or the other allele to an offspring is for the most part 50/50, the actual donations do not reflect this.5 probability (e.g. consider how many families have all boys or all girls).

An allele which dominates early in the game has a very high probability of completely excluding the other allele from the population.

Change in allele frequency in a population of time, common descent, punctuated equilibria, etc., etc. have no foundation in biogenesis.

Some genes have a variety of different forms, which are located at the same position on a chromosome; an allele is such a variant form of a gene.

Dr. Kshirod K. Jena, a principal scientist at IRRI whose research has been on breaking the yield barrier of rice using genomics strategy, and his team discovered that the gene Gn1a - type 3 allele had not been very effective in indica cultivars.

«This study reveals for the first time a comprehensive picture of all active alleles in different tissues — we have uncovered the first complete allelome» Florian Pauler, now at ISTA (Institute of Science and Technology Austria) and co-senior author, adds.

Present - day Europeans have more than 47,000 of these reintroduced ancestral alleles, and East Asians — who have more Neandertal ancestry than Europeans (SN Online: 2/12/15)-- carry more than 56,000, said Capra, an evolutionary geneticist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville.

Individuals were classified as high risk for Alzheimer's if a DNA test identified the presence of a genetic marker — having one or both of the apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 allele (APOE - e4 allele) on chromosome 19 — which increases the risk of developing the disease.

Within three weeks, they had collected the data that would fuel a series of landmark papers showing that the APOE4 allele is associated with a greatly increased risk of Alzheimer's disease.

His group has found, for example, that APOE3 — by far the most common APOE allele in humans — is usually inherited either with a short or a very long 523 tract.

Several variants, such as the HLA B * 5701 allele, have been associated with the pace of HIV disease progression in both controllers and «normals.»

«If a new mutation arose in a certain population and it was strongly favored, natural selection would drive the frequency of that allele up very quickly,» he says.

In the U.S., this behavioral division follows a genetic one: workers bearing two copies of one form, or allele, of the Gp - 9 gene live in nests governed by a single matriarch, whereas those that have one copy or a pair of a second allele take orders from a female oligarchy.

One iSNV (position 10,218) shared by 12 patients is later observed as fixed within 38 patients, becoming the majority allele in the population (Fig. 4C) and defining a third Sierra Leone cluster (Fig. 4, A and D, and fig.

«SNPs usually have two alleles: minor (with population frequency < 50 %) and major (with population frequency > 50 %),» said Gorlov, first author of the paper.

Of the Iron Age individuals, three carry at least one Duffy null allele, protecting against malaria, and two have at least one sleeping - sickness - resistance variant in the APOL1 gene.

It had been thought that the allele became prevalent when cattle were first domesticated, as cows carry a strain of TB that humans can catch.

They found that the longer cities in the region had been established, the more likely it was that the current inhabitants carried the immunity allele (Evolution, DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01132.x).

The team looked for patterns associated with two COLIA1 alleles, called S and s. Women who had one copy of the s allele had bone density in the thighbone and lower spine that was 2 % less than that of women with no s alleles.

The researchers finally examined the distribution of the A allele in a group of 347 survivors of the 1994 Rwandan genocide who had fled the civil war and were living in a Ugandan refugee camp.

By contrast, women who carry a sickle - cell allele, which protects against malaria, have only about 50 percent more surviving children in malaria - infested regions than women lacking the variant.

Women with two copies of s fared even worse: They had bones that were 4 % less dense — and faced a 280 % higher risk of fracture — than did women without any s alleles, says team member Andre Uitterlinden, a molecular geneticist at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

«Carriers of this allele had a roughly 2-fold increase in risk for PTSD.»

Molecular forces, such as low mutation rates or meiotic drive — in which certain alleles have an increased likelihood of being passed from one generation to the next — influence the rate of speciation.

For example, they revealed that most organisms have two copies of each gene, one from each parent, and that a gene comes in a variety of different forms, or alleles.

This may be a reason why the 313 blacks in the study had poorer responses on average — only 6 % of them had at least one A allele, compared with 42 % of the whites.