While the court acknowledged that the law was unsettled whether a liquidated
damages clause in an employment contract amounts to a form of restraint of trade on the basis of the financial burden that it places on the employee, the court ruled unanimously that this was an obstacle to competition and, as such, was in restraint of trade.
Usually, a litigants own lost time will not be a compensable item of damages in legal systems derived from those of England called «common law» jurisdictions (including England, Ireland, the United States, Canada, New Zealand and Australia), unless there is an contractual provision that provides that «time is of the essence» and some liquidated
damages clause in the contract that quantifies this harm.
For example, in a lawsuit based on a liquidated
damages clause in a contract, a defendant and a lawyer might agree that the lawyer be paid a percentage of the amount saved if the ultimate settlement is far below the liquidated damages amount.
In a recent decision, the New York Supreme Court, upheld a liquidated
damages clause in a dog adoption contract.
Following the Supreme Court's latest decision, the long - cited test of whether a liquidated damages clause is a genuine pre-estimate of loss designed to compensate the innocent party rather than deter the defaulting party from committing the breach (as established by early 20th century authority of Dunlop Tyre) is no longer conclusive although the Supreme Court accepted that it might still be of use in considering simple
damages clauses in standard contracts.
Successfully representing a large broking house in litigation enforcing a seven figure liquidated damages clause on the no show of a rainmaking broker recruited from a competitor — the leading case on the enforcement of liquidated
damages clauses in employment contracts.
Some types of clauses are common and well - known, such as a flood
damage clause in a homeowner's policy or a suicide clause in life insurance policy.
Meaning that the floodwaters that you thought were covered by the water
damage clause in a standard renters policy will actually be covered by a broad form policy.
Not exact matches
8 With respect to those who refuse to accept Castilian sovereignty and the Christian faith the document includes this
clause: «If you do not do it... with the help of God I will use all my power against you and will battle you everywhere and
in every possible way, and you will be subject to the yoke and obedience of the Church and their Highnesses, and I will take your people and your women and children, and make them slaves, and as much I will send them, and I will inflict on you all the harm and
damage possible.»
As if anticipating and trying to prevent the «war guilt»
clause of the Versailles treaty soon to be written by the Western allies, Weber raised the question of forgiveness
in politics: «A nation forgives if its interests have been
damaged, but no nation forgives if its honor has been of fended by a bigoted self - righteousness.
Such a shift, seen
in countries such as Zambia and Congo Brazzaville, was designed to alleviate any ongoing concerns of refugee - hosting countries about implementing the
Clause in order to ensure a public, political consensus for its eventual invocation, and end the politically
damaging speculation surrounding conditions within Rwanda and the Government's true motivations
in pushing for the Cessation
Clause.
Mr Oppong - Damoah said there were
clauses in the existing agreement which made it difficult to abrogate else the country will be liable to the payment of
damages as enshrined
in the contract.
9.9 If the customer breaches any of the obligations listed
in this
clause 9, ELITESINGLES can be entitled to require compensation for any resulting
damage or expenses.
(c)
In the event the aircraft is lost or damaged beyond repair, the Government shall pay the Contractor a sum equal to the fair market value of the aircraft at the time of such loss or damage, which value may be specifically agreed to in clause 1252.228 - 71, «Fair Market Value of Aircraft,» less the salvage value of the aircraf
In the event the aircraft is lost or
damaged beyond repair, the Government shall pay the Contractor a sum equal to the fair market value of the aircraft at the time of such loss or
damage, which value may be specifically agreed to
in clause 1252.228 - 71, «Fair Market Value of Aircraft,» less the salvage value of the aircraf
in clause 1252.228 - 71, «Fair Market Value of Aircraft,» less the salvage value of the aircraft.
For purposes of the
clause entitled «Loss of or
Damage to Leased Aircraft,» the fair market value of the aircraft to be used
in the performance of this contract shall be the lesser of the two values set out
in paragraphs (a) and (b) below:
Settling the European Commission investigation into anti-competition
clauses in Amazon's e-books contracts with publishers would allow Amazon to escape fines, civil claims, further investigations and reputational
damages, Maverick Law competition partner Bas Braeken noted.
Plaintiffs thereupon brought this action claiming inter alia that defendants» exercise of the «due - on»
clause in these circumstances constituted an unreasonable restraint on alienation within the meaning of Civil Code section 711, and that as a result they were
damaged in the amount of the difference between what the Nolls owed them under the installment land contract and what they
in turn owed Lassen on the original loan.
In the event of a cancellation of a Reward Booking under clause 2.12 within 24 hours of your scheduled date of travel, you shall be liable to pay VAA the full published fare applicable in addition to any costs and damages, including but not limited to legal costs, reasonably incurred or suffered by us or any applicable Participating Company as a result thereo
In the event of a cancellation of a Reward Booking under
clause 2.12 within 24 hours of your scheduled date of travel, you shall be liable to pay VAA the full published fare applicable
in addition to any costs and damages, including but not limited to legal costs, reasonably incurred or suffered by us or any applicable Participating Company as a result thereo
in addition to any costs and
damages, including but not limited to legal costs, reasonably incurred or suffered by us or any applicable Participating Company as a result thereof.
In this clause 6 «Claims» means and includes any action, suit, proceeding, claim, demand, damage, penalty, cost or expense however arising (including negligence, trespass to the person or for breach of implied terms in the sale of services under section 74 of the Trade Practices Act (1974) Cth and equivalent provisions contained in State sale of goods or fair trading legislation
In this
clause 6 «Claims» means and includes any action, suit, proceeding, claim, demand,
damage, penalty, cost or expense however arising (including negligence, trespass to the person or for breach of implied terms
in the sale of services under section 74 of the Trade Practices Act (1974) Cth and equivalent provisions contained in State sale of goods or fair trading legislation
in the sale of services under section 74 of the Trade Practices Act (1974) Cth and equivalent provisions contained
in State sale of goods or fair trading legislation
in State sale of goods or fair trading legislation).
The ability to waive an implied reasonableness term usually goes hand
in hand with the contract doctrine that holds «penalties»
in contracts to be void as against public policy, but upholds «liquidated
damages»
clauses.
They negotiate record deals and touring contracts for their clients, helping them steer clear of
clauses that could prove punitive or cause future legal disputes and saving millions
in potential
damages.
Do you think that,
in the event of a breach by Singapore of the social / environmental
clauses of the EUSFTA, individuals that suffered direct
damage could rely on this Opinion to argue that they have recourse to trigger the procedure for adopting a decision to terminate the agreement?
Termination
clauses will
in almost all cases significantly limit
damages to which an employee is entitled.
The court set the punitive
damages at $ 100,000 considering the «outrageous» behaviour of the defendant
in dismissing Gordon and trying to hold him to their non-compete
clause.
In Howard the Ontario Court of Appeal awarded an employee whose employment was terminated 23 months into a five - year term
damages reflecting the balance of the term on the basis that the contractual
clause providing for early termination was unenforceable due to ambiguity.
The court concluded that the liquidated
damages of S$ 1 million was a genuine pre-estimate of the
damages which the medical centre could suffer if Dr Ng breached the restraint of trade
clause, as the amount payable reflected the expertise and goodwill he possessed
in the field of aesthetic medicine.
Expensive Secret Telling: When
Damages May Be Available for Breach of a Confidentiality
Clause in a Settlement Agreement
In our view, the Constitution's Due Process
Clause forbids a State to use a punitive
damages award to punish a defendant for injury that it inflicts upon nonparties or those whom they directly represent, i.e., injury that it inflicts upon those who are, essentially, strangers to the litigation.
Any
clause is null that,
in advance, excludes or limits the liability of one party for intentional or gross fault that causes
damage to the other party.
In its 5 - 4 decision in Philip Morris v. Mayola Williams, Justice Breyer, writing for the majority, held that the jury's verdict violated the Due Process clause of the Constitution because jurors had been permitted to consider harm suffered by other smokers, who weren't parties to the case, in assessing punitive damage
In its 5 - 4 decision
in Philip Morris v. Mayola Williams, Justice Breyer, writing for the majority, held that the jury's verdict violated the Due Process clause of the Constitution because jurors had been permitted to consider harm suffered by other smokers, who weren't parties to the case, in assessing punitive damage
in Philip Morris v. Mayola Williams, Justice Breyer, writing for the majority, held that the jury's verdict violated the Due Process
clause of the Constitution because jurors had been permitted to consider harm suffered by other smokers, who weren't parties to the case,
in assessing punitive damage
in assessing punitive
damages.
In 2005, the Supreme Court of Wisconsin struck down the statute ruling that the $ 350,000 limit on noneconomic
damages violated the equal protection
clause of the Wisconsin Constitution.
In accordance with the key principle of the Default
Clause that
damages are to be based on (but not limited to) the difference between the contract price and the actual or estimated value of the goods at the date of default, the Board of Appeal had awarded Buyers substantial
damages.
The Court rejected Sellers» argument, holding that the parties had agreed that their
damages would be based upon the measure set out
in the Default
Clause and these rules could therefore not be displaced by other principles.
Sellers argued that, on the facts, the
damages scheme
in the Default
Clause should have been overridden by the application of certain common law principles for the assessment of
damages, which would have led to the conclusion that Buyers had suffered no loss.
The disputed
clause in the insurance contract excluded the «cost of making good faulty workmanship» but made an exception to that exclusion for «physical
damage» that «results» from the faulty workmanship.
As recently reported
in the New York Times, a full one - third of top ranked websites forbid consumers from suing them for
damages, unsavory practices, inflated charges, and general bad behavior through inclusion of forced arbitration
clauses and class - action ban
clauses.
Contract — Exclusion
clause — Defendant contracting to overhaul engines of plaintiff's tugboat — Engine
damaged after seizing up during testing — Whether defendant
in breach of contract — Whether plaintiff's or defendant's standard terms applied — Whether defendant entitled to limit liability to price of quotation.
The motion judge held he was strengthened
in this view because another
clause of the insured's policy (the «while being worked on»
clause) included an explicit statement regarding resulting
damage.
In this case, a large regional developer filed a claim against our client seeking over AED 150 million
damages before the Dubai local courts despite the fact the agreement between them contained an arbitration
clause.
Whether these myths come from TV, movies, or well - meaning friends or family members, the reality is that
in many cases you can not break the lease, you will be held to your non-compete
clause and you may well be prevented from suing for
damages if you are injured during an adventure activity by the waiver that you signed voluntarily.
The
clause also contained language that stated contact
damages were limited to direct
damages only, excluding losses caused
in any way by acts, omissions or misrepresentations (but excluding «any fraudulent or negligent misrepresentation» committed
in connection with the agreement).
The Court said that any punitive
damages award higher than this was «excessive and arbitrary»
in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's due process
clause.
(2) Despite subsection (1), the rate of interest on
damages for non-pecuniary loss
in an action for personal injury shall be the rate determined by the rules of court made under
clause 66 (2)(w).
In the 2014 split decision of the British Columbia Court of Appeal in Rhebergen v. Creston Veterinary Clinic Ltd., 2014 BCCA 97, the majority of the court upheld the enforceability of an employment liquidated damages claus
In the 2014 split decision of the British Columbia Court of Appeal
in Rhebergen v. Creston Veterinary Clinic Ltd., 2014 BCCA 97, the majority of the court upheld the enforceability of an employment liquidated damages claus
in Rhebergen v. Creston Veterinary Clinic Ltd., 2014 BCCA 97, the majority of the court upheld the enforceability of an employment liquidated
damages clause.
The court unanimously agreed, based on a 1976 Supreme Court decision, that the reasonableness of the monetary amount, i.e., whether the lump sum payments set out
in the
clause amounted to a genuine estimate of anticipated
damages or a penalty, was only relevant to the issue of
damages; it was not relevant to the reasonableness of the
clause itself.
This decision extended the ruling
in a 2012 decision, Bowes v Goss Power Corp. which had held that where an indefinite hire contract contained a termination notice
clause allowing for termination on «6 months» notice or pay
in lieu» and the employer terminated without working notice, there was no duty to mitigate
damages or deduction for mitigation earnings.
Advising
in relation to potential claims under the SGA 1979, breach of warranties, rescission,
damages, entire agreement
clauses, quantum and potential negligence claims against former solicitors.
It was held that the
clause did cover
damage resulting from negligence, since the only way
in which the defendant could be liable under this contract is through some form of negligence.
The defendant argued that there was a relevant exclusion
clause in the contract between the claimant and the defendant, which stipulated that «The maximum amount allowed for lost or
damaged articles is twenty times the charge made for laundering.»
For example, recent advices have related to the proper interpretation and exercise of a lien / cesser of liability
clauses, the proper measure of
damages, war risks
clauses, deviation, deadfreight
clauses, package limitiation, «knock for knock» provisions
in a towage contract, the meaning and effect of ad hoc provisions
in ship - building contracts, the Hague / Hague - Visby Rules, the CMR convention and the Warsaw Convention (as amended).