Sentences with phrase «damaging reactive oxygen»

Inflammation in the intestines produces damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) which initiate DNA damage, reduces oxygen flow to tissue and results in the further generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and injury.

Most significantly, Tang - kuei is a natural source of ferulic acid, a potent antioxidant that protects cells from damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Gene analyses of the hippocampus and other brain areas revealed dysregulation in the genes linked to manifestation of damaging reactive oxygen species and neuronal function.

Denham then noticed that it wasn't simply the accumulation of reactive oxygen species that affected lifespan, but the damage these reactive oxygen species were inflicting on mitochondria.

Not exact matches

S. Okada, «Iron - induced tissue damage and cancer: the role of reactive oxygen species - free radicals,» Pathology International 46, no. 5 (May 1996): 311 - 32.

Reactive oxygen species, also called free radicals, are chemicals that typically contain oxygen, are known to be found in cigarette smoke, and cause DNA damage in cells.

After 10 days of smoke exposure, the scientists found an overall increase in DNA damage responses to so - called reactive oxygen species within the cells.

When potent oxygen radical scavengers such as cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) were combined with a highly charged polymer (polyacrylic acid) and incorporated into extracted chloroplasts using the LEEP process, damage to the chloroplasts from superoxides and other reactive oxygen species was dramatically reduced.

Carbonaceous PM is made up of black carbon, primary organic aerosol (POA) and, especially, secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which is known to contain harmful reactive oxygen species and can damage lung tissue.

Apparently, a side reaction in the respiratory system in the mitochondria causes them to steadily release reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA, RNA and proteins.

The damage sensors lit up first, with the hydrogen peroxide marker following moments later, suggesting that the reactive oxygen molecules are indeed a sign, and not a cause, of injury.

Scientists have long assumed that wounded mitochondria release reactive oxygen molecules, which then damage DNA and proteins, increasing disease risk.

Too many reactive oxygen species can be harmful because they can damage the DNA within our cells.

For decades, researchers have known that reactive oxygen species, or free radicals, can do serious damage to cells and trigger cancer.

At the hearing, Carpenter suggested that cell phones may increase the brain's production of reactive forms of oxygen called free radicals, which can interact with and damage DNA.

It belongs to a group of chemicals called reactive oxygen species (ROS), which scientists suspect to have a damaging effect on cells and their components.

It has been theorized that the major cause of bleaching is the result of chloroplast damage due to heat stress, which results in the production of toxic, highly reactive oxygen molecules during photosynthesis.

The cause of the damage is still poorly understood, but radiation is known to create highly reactive oxygen - containing molecules in the body.

They found that soluble iron in the earliest oceans quickly combined with oxygen to form rust — forming reactive oxygen molecules, which damage biological tissue and make the cyananobacteria grow more slowly and produce less oxygen.

This metabolic demand makes brain cells particularly vulnerable to damage from oxidative stress, in which reactive oxygen species (ROS), sometimes called free radicals, exert toxic effects on cellular components.

In addition, treatment with Korean red ginseng extract suppressed the expression of RSV - induced inflammatory genes and the formation of chemically reactive molecules containing oxygen, which play a role in virus - induced epithelial damage in RSV.

Although reactive oxygen species can damage cells when produced in high amounts, according to a study published online Sept. 5, 2017 by Science Signaling and featured on the journal's cover, these oxidative species are crucial signals that start the process of repairing myofiber.

«Energy production can also generate reactive chemical species — often referred to as «reactive oxygen species» or «oxidants» — as by - products, which can be damaging to cells.

Sunlight and toxins do much of the damage, but the biggest culprit may be highly reactive byproducts created as cells use oxygen to turn sugar into energy.

While reactive oxygen species (ROS), can damage and kill cells — these molecules have also been implicated in normal biochemical processes.

Scientists do not yet fully understand how antibiotics work on the molecular level, but they think that the drugs are effective in part by introducing reactive oxygen to bacterial cells, which damages key cellular structures.

The Einstein team suspected that cysteine was helping to kill TB bacteria by acting as a «reducing agent» that triggers the production of reactive oxygen species (sometimes called free radicals), which can damage DNA.

Fat cells produce excessive reactive oxygen species, which can damage cells in a process called oxidative stress.

The damaged mitochondria become increasingly dysfunctional, producing even more reactive oxygen species and creating an undesirable cycle.

Under the hypoxic conditions, the body might produce more reactive oxygen species (ROS), harmful compounds that can damage DNA.

Exposing body tissues to highly reactive oxygen molecules can damage proteins, lipids, and DNA, hastening aging and cell death.

Her research team found that cellular oxidative stress (arising because of reactive oxygen species) increases in mice exposed to THS, damaging proteins, fats and DNA, and leading to hyperglycemia (excess glucose in the blood stream) and insulinemia (excess insulin in the blood)-- a condition also called insulin resistance.

Among the most interesting ones identified were those associated with 1) the large category of transport, and the more specific categories of carbohydrate transport and cation: amino acid symport; 2) several related to calcium, including calcium ion binding, calmodulin binding, and voltage gated calcium channel activity; 3) DNA damage response and signal transduction; 4) response to oxidative stress; and 5) oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolism.

Increased glucose processing has long been thought to inflict damage on the mitochondria (the cell's power generators), which then produce large amounts of reactive oxygen molecules, which in turn leads to kidney disease.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce cellular damages at different levels (proteins, DNA, and lipids) which increase the body susceptibility to noxious injuries with the final result to accelerate aging and decrease lifespan.

Now in a study published in the journal Scientific Reports, Alexander Zaika, Ph.D. and coworkers show that DNA damage in the esophageal cells caused by acidic bile reflux (BA / A) activates enzymes called NADPH oxidases in the mitochondria, the cell's power house, to release highly reactive - oxygen species (ROS).

The prevailing theory is that this reduces damage to mitochondria occurring as a result of the reactive oxygen species generated within these organelles, with localized antioxidants soaking up reactive molecules before they can cause harm.

STEVEN BENNER: Radiation causes damage to DNA by way of specific molecules, in particular, reactive oxygen species.

Sep. 14, 2017 — Blocking acid reflux - induced production of reactive oxygen compounds may be a useful strategy for preventing DNA damage and decreasing the risk of esophageal cancer.

So while it's true that organisms living deep in the Earth are not exposed to the high - energy radiation found when you travel between planets or more hypothetically between stars, the systems that cells have evolved to repair damage done by reactive oxygen species will be useful whether they arise from rocks or from cosmic rays.

Exposure of tumor cells to clinically relevant low doses of ionizing radiation causes DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

A child's heart is more sensitive to injury caused by interrupting blood flow during surgery, and excess reactive oxygen species are a key source of this damage.

DNA is constantly exposed to a variety of damaging factors such as genotoxic agents, environmental factors (e.g. UV light, irradiation) or normal metabolic activities (e.g. nucleotide misincorporation during DNA replication, reactive oxygen species) that causes a range of lesions.

In addition, the loss of Ripk2 has been demonstrated to result in the inability of cells to carry out mitophagy, leading to enhanced mitochondrial production of superoxide / reactive oxygen species and accumulation of damaged mitochondria that will trigger a caspase 1 — dependent inflammasome activation (Lupfer et al., 2014).

Anti-cancer drugs often increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause DNA damage.

«Past studies have shown that having low antioxidant levels and increased reactive oxygen species — chemical products that bind to body cells and cause damage — is related to more severe PAD,» said Matthew Muller, postdoctoral fellow in Larry Sinoway's lab at Penn State College of Medicine, and lead author of the study.

She also found that reactive oxygen species, (ROS), which can cause tissue damage, play a role in the process.

The functional disruption leads to oxidative stress inside the cell; an accumulation of highly reactive oxygen compounds takes place and a large number of the cell's molecules are damaged.

Specifically, the research demonstrates that grape seed not only damages cancer cells» DNA (by means of an increase of reactive oxygen species), but also prevents the pathways which allow repair (as seen by reduced amounts of the DNA repair molecules Rad51 and Brca1 as well as DNA repair foci).

The release of reactive oxygen species is also common in inflammaging, and these substances cause oxidative damage to cells and tissues, releasing debris that further elicits inflammation.