Sentences with phrase «death of neurons in»

These losses are related to the death of neurons in the brain.

This damages nerve cells by blocking their ability to make the proteins needed for synaptic function and leads to the death of neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

Scientists have identified the molecular mechanism that leads to the death of neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as ALS or motor neurone disease) and a common form of frontotemporal dementia.

The findings may provide insight into treatments that could postpone the death of neurons in people who carry the HD gene mutation, but who do not yet show symptoms of the disease.

Several years ago, in tissue culture studies of mouse neurons, Dr. Shelanski found that caspace - 2 plays a critical role in the death of neurons in the presence of amyloid beta, the protein that accumulates in the neurons of people with Alzheimer's.

Various studies carried out in previous years showed that the binding of GDNF to its Ret receptor can prevent the early death of neurons in the Substantia nigra.

Parkinson's disease is caused by the death of neurons in the brain that produce dopamine, a chemical that shuttles signals between neurons and is responsible for controlling the body's movement.

A team at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago reports that isradipine (brand name DynaCirc), a drug currently prescribed to reduce high blood pressure, may block the death of neurons in patients with advanced cases of Parkinson's and may also be able to prevent the development of the disease.

The symptoms of Parkinson's — which is characterized by stiffness and can lead to a loss of motor and speech function — are triggered by the progressive death of neurons in a midbrain region called the substantia nigra that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine (implicated in the pleasure and reward systems as well as in the maintenance of proper movement control).

Not exact matches

Since the neuronal death can be recapitulated in directly reprogrammed patient neurons, Yoo said the new technique offers a way to study the details of how potential therapies — including drugs that are currently being tested in clinical trials — could rescue medium spiny neurons from death.

Although the molecular events that trigger neuronal death in each of these neurodegenerative diseases is distinct, the downstream apoptotic process through which neurons die in these pathologies are thought to share commonalities to each other, as well as to developmentally - regulated neuronal death.

This study, reported in the February 2015 issue of Experimental Biology and Medicine, utilized cultured cerebellar granule neurons, one of the most widely used models to study neuronal death.

At the same time, researchers have found that much smaller protein clusters called oligomers — made of only a few copies of these proteins — can be highly toxic to motor neuron - like cells grown in the lab and thus are more likely to be the chief causes of brain - cell death in these diseases.

The team manipulated the genome of mice such that they could initiate neuron death in the hippocampus by turning on specific genes.

When it reaches the brain, Zika virus infects neuronal stem cells, which will generate fewer neurons, and by inducing chronic stress in the endoplasmic reticulum, it promotes apoptosis, i.e. the early death of these neuronal cells.

Collaborators from the Human Genetics Department at the University Hospital of Jena, PD Ingo Kurth and Professor Christian Hübner, already demonstrated in 2009 that mutations in FAM134B cause the death of sensory neurons in a disorder called hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type II (HSAN II).

«With this work, we are beginning to understand the role that changes in mitochondrial DNA play in the death of cholinergic neurons, which has been shown to be pivotal in the onset and progression of motor and non-motor Parkinson's disease symptoms.»

Neurodegenerative diseases are caused by the death of neurons and other cells in the brain, with different diseases affecting different regions of the brain.

In Parkinson's sufferers, AS gets misfolded into a compact structure associated with the death of dopamine - producing neurons.

PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, primarily caused by the death of dopamine - containing neurons in the substantia nigra, a region of the brain involved in motor control.

Oligodendrocyte death, occurring after a spinal cord injury, activates a process called de-myelination that results first in damage to surviving neuronal connections and finally in death of the affected neurons.

Neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease involve the death of thousands of neurons in the brain.

Caleb Finch, a neurobiologist who studies Alzheimer's at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, points out that in human brains, amyloid plaques are associated with neuron death, which wasn't measured in the new study.

Next, Grima looked at cell death in cultured neurons with a healthy or a mutant form of Huntingtin, or with a mutant form of Huntingtin that was treated with small amounts of an experimental drug called KPT - 350, one that prevents a nuclear export protein, Exportin - 1, from shuttling proteins and RNA out of the nucleus.

«The findings that we found most interesting were the microRNAs that reflect the extent of the neuron death in the brain, since it is this process that causes the debilitating symptoms of the disease and eventually leads to the death of the individual,» explained senior author Richard H. Myers, PhD, Director of the Genome Science Institute at BUSM.

In 2015, Rothstein's team found out how a mutation in a gene — implicated in 40 percent of inherited ALS cases and 25 percent of inherited frontotemporal dementia cases — gums up transport in and out of the nucleus in neurons, ultimately shutting the cell down and leading to its deatIn 2015, Rothstein's team found out how a mutation in a gene — implicated in 40 percent of inherited ALS cases and 25 percent of inherited frontotemporal dementia cases — gums up transport in and out of the nucleus in neurons, ultimately shutting the cell down and leading to its deatin a gene — implicated in 40 percent of inherited ALS cases and 25 percent of inherited frontotemporal dementia cases — gums up transport in and out of the nucleus in neurons, ultimately shutting the cell down and leading to its deatin 40 percent of inherited ALS cases and 25 percent of inherited frontotemporal dementia cases — gums up transport in and out of the nucleus in neurons, ultimately shutting the cell down and leading to its deatin and out of the nucleus in neurons, ultimately shutting the cell down and leading to its deatin neurons, ultimately shutting the cell down and leading to its death.

«We're administering BDNF directly to the degenerating neurons in memory systems of the cortex, and preventing their death,» says Mark Tuszynski of the University of California at San Diego.

Because of this, researchers can look for the same molecular signatures in human tissue and begin to tease apart whether particular subtypes of serotonergic neurons are involved in conditions such as sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) or autism.

This study may provide insight for treatments that would be effective in slowing down or postponing the death of neurons for people who carry the HD gene mutation, but who do not yet show symptoms of the disease.

These results collectively suggest that neural stem cells need MSI1 to generate enough neurons for normal brain size, but the presence of MSI1 also increases the vulnerability of these cells to Zika infection, leading to the death of the population which ultimately results in microcephaly.

The second team, led by Patrik Brundin of the Wallenberg Neuroscience Center in Lund, Sweden, found Lewy bodies in grafted neurons from two patients, who each received two grafts between 11 and 16 years before their deaths.

«Essentially, they cause acetylcholine to build up in the brain, causing hyperexcitability of neurons as well as the death of some neurons, which leads to inflammation in the brain,» said Ashok K. Shetty, PhD, a professor in the Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine at the Texas A&M College of Medicine, associate director of the Institute for Regenerative Medicine, research career scientist at the Olin E. Teague Veterans Medical Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System and senior author of the paper.

Though researchers believe that these substances could be used to treat conditions caused by the death of nerve cells, most of the factors previously investigated do little to protect the cells that are lost in Parkinson's and motor neuron disease.

In an earlier study, Subramaniam and his colleagues showed that Rhes binds to a series of repeats in the huntingtin protein (named for its association with Huntington's disease), increasing the death of neuronIn an earlier study, Subramaniam and his colleagues showed that Rhes binds to a series of repeats in the huntingtin protein (named for its association with Huntington's disease), increasing the death of neuronin the huntingtin protein (named for its association with Huntington's disease), increasing the death of neurons.

«Rapid access to large quantities of neurons will be useful for testing a significant number of pharmacological drugs in order to identify those capable of preventing the death of motor neurons,» concludes Cécile Martinat.

Researchers believe that this inhibitory process caused by an overabundance of alpha - synuclein is what occurs in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, before morphological changes such as the loss of function and death of neurons begins.

It is not yet known whether the dramatic and selective effects of the NGF antibodies are due to a direct toxic action of the antibodies on immature sympathetic neurons or to an inactivation by the antibodies of circulating molecules of NGF, thereby indirectly causing the death of the sympathetic neurons by depriving them of the NGF they need in order to survive.

The progressive degeneration of the motor neurons in ALS eventually leads to their death.

While normal RNA regulation involves regulated and reversible assembly of RNA - protein particles, both increased cellular age and mutation push the process towards hyperassembly, which leads to altered pools of RNA or RNA regulatory proteins in neurons that contribute to their eventual death.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that leads to paralysis and death due to the loss of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

For instance, my lab, in collaboration with others, has shown that in a mouse model of TSC, neurons are sized abnormally, are not sufficiently myelinated and are prone to cell death.

In the Finkbeiner laboratory, Linsley uses time - lapse imaging of neurons in culture, within organotypic mouse brain slices, and within live zebrafish to uncover the mechanisms in neurodegeneration that lead to neuronal deatIn the Finkbeiner laboratory, Linsley uses time - lapse imaging of neurons in culture, within organotypic mouse brain slices, and within live zebrafish to uncover the mechanisms in neurodegeneration that lead to neuronal deatin culture, within organotypic mouse brain slices, and within live zebrafish to uncover the mechanisms in neurodegeneration that lead to neuronal deatin neurodegeneration that lead to neuronal death.

This year's ASENT meeting featured a symposium on spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), an inherited motor neuron disease that is the second most common autosomal recessive disorder of children and the most common genetic cause of death in infancy, as a case study in neurology orphan drug development.

Lloyd Greene, PhD, Pathology & Cell Biology, will receive $ 1,956,935 over five years from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke for «Neuron Death in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of Trib3» in a competitive renewal.

This disease, considered as the leading genetic cause of infant death, is due to mutations or deletions in the «Survival of Motor Neuron» gene, SMN1, which results in low levels of the expressed SMN protein.

These disorders are caused by the progressive degeneration of motor neurons, often leading to paralysis and ultimately death in patients.

Insulin - like growth factor - I prevents the accumulation of autophagic vesicles and cell death in Purkinje neurons by increasing the rate of autophagosome - to - lysosome fusion and degradation.

Degeneration of motor neurons in ALS leads to progressive loss of muscle control, paralysis and untimely death.

They all result in the death of neurons, but the cells that die are somewhat different in each case.

Given the adult onset and dysfunction and death of adult neurons characterizing HD, most studies have focused on the toxic effects elicited by mutant huntingtin in post-mitotic neurons.