They looked at the way in which people make
decisions under conditions of uncertainty and found that their behavior violated expected utility theory — a fundamental assumption of economic theory that holds that decision - makers reason instrumentally about how to maximize their gains.
One is almost always — the «almost» is really an academic fudge — making important
decisions under conditions of uncertainty, as Sunstein well recognizes.
In making such
decisions under conditions of uncertainty (Ruth Macklin calls them conditions of ignorance), the construction of best - possible and worst - possible scenarios will probably depend in no small part on the basic orientation of the individuals constructing them.
Not exact matches
Economists and systems analysts have devoted considerable attention to «
decision - making
under conditions of uncertainty,» and fairly sophisticated ethical machinery has been developed for dealing with these macroethical problems.
The type
of decisions that serious poker players have to make
under conditions of stress and
uncertainty bear a number
of similarities to those that investors are faced with.
Investing equals
decision making
under the
condition of uncertainty.
My statements on policy relate to how think about policy
decisions under conditions of deep scientific
uncertainty, and to to assess whether policy responses will have their intended / desired effect and what their unintended consequences will be.
Attempting to use climate information in the context
of expected utility can lead to bad
decisions; there are much better ways to approach the
decision making
under conditions of deep
uncertainty.
Looking at other
decision making frameworks that are more suitable
under conditions of deep
uncertainty motivates a different type
of analysis and emphasizes assessment
of uncertainty and areas
of ignorance.
One might (or might not) argue for such a relation if the models were empirically adequate, but given nonlinear models with large systematic errors
under current
conditions, no connection has been even remotely established for relating the distribution
of model states
under altered
conditions to
decision - relevant probability distributions... There may well exist thresholds, or tipping points (Kemp 2005), which lie within this range
of uncertainty.
For more information about real options analysis, see Tom Copeland and Vladimir Antikarov, Real Options, Revised Edition: A Practitioner's Guide, Texere, 2003; and Glenn S. Daily and Laurence J. Kotlikoff, «
Decision Making
Under Conditions of Uncertainty: A (Second) Wakeup Call for the Financial Planning Profession,» 2006 (www.glenndaily.com/documents/wakeupcall.pdf)