Sentences with phrase «decreased number of neurons»

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Engineered mice with decreased numbers of 5 - HT neurons and rats or piglets with decreased activity secondary to 5 - HT1A autoreceptor stimulation have diminished ventilator responses to carbon dioxide, dysfunctional heat production and heat - loss mechanisms, and altered sleep architecture.43 These studies linked SIDS risk factors with possible pathophysiology.

In addition, postmortem examinations of people with schizophrenia have revealed a marked decrease in the number of CA2 inhibitory neurons, while the rest of the hippocampus remained largely unaffected.

Myelin, a substance that insulates neurons, deteriorates, and the number of nerve fibers that carry messages throughout the central nervous system also decreases.

Studies of individual neurons in dishes of cultured neurons and in brain slices by co-first author Robert E. Stanley, a graduate student in the lab, revealed that neurons in the mutant mice had decreased numbers of dendritic spines, an important part of the synapses that neurons use to communicate with one another.

Scientists used to believe that the number of neurons in the brain could decrease (e.g., through trauma or alcohol), but never increase.

This possibility is supported by findings of a decreased number of CA2 inhibitory neurons in individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and altered vasopressin signaling in autism.

While Htt null KO mice do not survive to birth (Duyao et al., 1995; Nasir et al., 1995; Zeitlin et al., 1995), mice expressing a 50 % reduction of endogenous htt levels reveal cognitive and motor deficits (Nasir et al., 1995) and significant decreases in the number of neurons in globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus (O'Kusky et al., 1999).

The numbers of neurons in our brains begin to decrease at the age of thirty and some neurological diseases can result from significant loss.

When you're young, the orphaned neurons often sprout new axons that connect them to other motor neurons — so the number of motor units decreases, but the amount of muscle you can use stays the same.

In a study involving dietary ketosis via a low carbohydrate diet (less than 10 percent of total calories), compared to subjects on a 50 percent carbohydrate diet, the low - carbohydrate subjects demonstrated better performance on memory tests, with higher scores being correlated to higher serum KB levels.14 A study using cultured mouse hippocampal cells showed that addition of the KB β - hydroxybutyrate (β - OHB) to cells exposed to Aβ resulted in no decrease in the numbers of dendrites or total neurons — two of the noted pathological changes in AD.

In addition to the decrease in size, the overall number of neurons in the brain, the cells that comprise the brain and central nervous system, decrease in number.