Sentences with phrase «decreased over the study»

In The New England Journal of Medicine, for example, female first authorship decreased over the study period.

The frequency of self - harm episodes decreased over the study period for the entire cohort.

Not exact matches

A common retort by the industry is that rates of the health outcome studied - whether it's asthma or preterm birth - are lower in fracking areas than in areas without fracking, or that the rate of the outcome is decreasing over time.

These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).

This study found that «the achievement advantage of white over minority students... increases in public schools during the last two years of schooling, whereas the minority gap actually decreases in Catholic schools.»

Straus and Bacon, for example, in their study of over 15,000 college students, found that the incidence of abstention from alcohol on the part of the parents decreased in each category as they moved from lower to higher family income.

Finally, we have reviewed a large - scale study on high blood pressure showing an association between high levels of protein intake (in the vicinity of 100 grams per day) and significantly decreased risk of high blood pressure over an 11 - year period of time.

Another 1994 sleep study, involving over 3,000 participants, determined that it is not until at least 24 months old that regular night waking decreases naturally.

Other studies found that the energy consumption and running economy decreased as a result of wearing the best running compression socks, as well as improved performence over a 5 kilometer race.

From the last study «The incidence of invasive early - onset GBS disease decreased by more than 80 % from 1.8 cases / 1000 live births in the early 1990s to 0.26 cases / 1000 live births in 2010; from 1994 to 2010 we estimate that over 70,000 cases of EOGBS invasive disease were prevented in the United States.»

Although it was originally believed that babies over 6 months lost this reflex, some studies suggest that while the bradycardia response decreases slightly, the diving reflex remains.

For instance, in one recent study, adolescents who had been coached by their mothers showed a pattern of decreasing behavior problems over time (Shortt et al 2010).

Using the Great Barrier Reef as their study case, they estimated the evolution of the region over the last 14,000 years and showed that (1) high sediment loads from catchments erosion prevented coral growth during the early phase of sea level rise and favoured deep offshore sediment deposition; (2) how the fine balance between climate, sea level, and margin physiography enabled coral reefs to thrive under limited shelf sedimentation rates at 6,000 years before present; and, (3) how over the last 3,000 years, the decrease of accommodation space led to the lateral extension of coral reefs consistent with available observational data.

Of all four groups studied, only those at high genetic risk for Alzheimer's who did not exercise experienced a decrease in hippocampal volume (3 %) over the 18 - month period.

The study, to be presented this weekend at the 35th annual meeting of the Society for Medical Decision Making (SMDM) in Baltimore, demonstrated that oral nutritional supplements were associated with a decreased probability of 30 - day readmission among Medicare patients aged 65 and over who could be tracked for readmission, with:

A new study entitled «Oral Nutrition Supplements» Impact on Hospital Outcomes in the Context of Affordable Care Act and New Medicare Reimbursement Policies» and conducted by leading researchers at the University of Southern California, Stanford University, The Harris School at The University of Chicago and Precision Health Economics, and supported by Abbott, found that the use of oral nutritional supplements decreased the probability of 30 - day hospital readmission, length of stay and costs among hospitalized Medicare patients aged 65 and over.

That's what all of our studies show: [love] tends to decrease over time.

After controlling for other factors, a generic drug in the highest marketing competition group was expected to see a decrease of 32 percent in price over the study period, while a generic drug in the lowest market competition was expected to see a price increase of 47 percent over the same period.

Turns out, it serves another purpose: A lack of water flowing over the gills decreases electrical activity there that can betray the cuttlefish's presence to foraging sharks, a new study suggests.

«Our study shows that a PAM enhances the effects of these pain - killing chemicals without producing tolerance or decreased effectiveness over time, both of which contribute to addiction in people who use opioid - based pain medications,» said Andrea G. Hohmann, a Linda and Jack Gill Chair of Neuroscience and professor in the IU Bloomington College of Arts and Sciences» Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, who led the study.

However, Schellenberg and von Scheve believe that the steady increase in duration and decrease in tempo that they found in their study doesn't support the idea of growing difficulties fully because it would mean our problems have increased steadily over the last fifty years.

Physical activity decreases substantially over time in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at all levels of severity, according to a new study from researchers in Germany.

German researchers found osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMTh) decreased postpartum low back pain by over 70 percent in women who had given birth at least three months before beginning treatment, according to a new study published in July issue of the Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.

By comparison, Cutler and Sahni's study suggests that just over a third, about 37 percent, of the decrease could be chalked up to the recession.

34 %: Speaking of power, a seven - year study of people in their 60s found that stressful, high - demand jobs can be good for you if you have control over your workflow: Those with high - demand, high - control jobs saw a 34 percent decrease in the likelihood of death compared with folks in high - control, low - demand jobs.

Over the last 20 years, complications have decreased and survival has improved for extremely preterm infants, according to a study in the September 8 issue of JAMA.

Dr Sottile added: «This new system gave us an advantage over previous rodent models as we could study more accurately how specifically human cells would be affected by a decrease in temperature.

This study demonstrates that, over development, neural circuits reorganize themselves to decrease noise and improve the fidelity of communication amongst each other.

This marks a decrease of 7.3 percentage points over the previous study year (2015 - 16), when loss rates were found to be 40.5 percent.

«While we've seen a decrease over the years in motor vehicle fatalities involving people under the influence, the nature of those crashes is changing,» said study author Fernando Wilson, PhD, associate professor at the University of Nebraska Medical Center.

In the Women's Health Initiative — a massive study of 161,808 women over 15 years — there was a decrease in mortality among the women in the 50 - to 59 - year - old group who took estrogen alone or with progesterone.

They note that average health risks decreased «slightly but significantly» over the three years of the study — probably because of the health promotion programs that were available to employees.

Moderate physical activity for participants increased 1.4 days per week compared with controls who actually decreased their activity over the study period by about half a day per week.

A recent study from Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) and Boston Medical Center (BMC) shows a significant decrease in severe sepsis mortality rates over the past 20 years.

A study in the journal Science claims that the movement of jockeys out of phase with their horses eases the horse's workload and accounts for up to 7 percent of the decrease in race times over the last century.

When residents of São Paulo chose gasoline over ethanol to fuel their vehicles, levels of ozone actually decreased, according to a Northwestern study.

The new study suggests that some of these current uses will be affected over this century, depending on how much fossil fuel emissions increase or decrease.

The study sought to see if the STAN technology improved perinatal outcomes or decreased surgical deliveries over conventional labor / delivery fetal heart rate monitoring.

The protective effect of the cells on rheumatoid arthritis decreased over time, with no benefit seen 15 years after a woman last gave birth, according to a study in Arthritis & Rheumatism published online March 2010.

Interestingly, an imaging study comparing DA increases using BPND and 4 - propyl -9-hydroxynaphthoxazine -LRB-[11C] PHNO)(radiotracer with > 20-fold higher affinity for D3 over D2 receptors, and presumably more sensitive to competition with endogenous DA)(63, 64) in response to a stressor in individuals at high risk for schizophrenia showed that those who abused marijuana had a blunted response, consistent with decreased DA signaling (22).

The study notes that this decrease might be a consequence of participants not being able to stay with the prescribed diet and exercise regimen over the four - year period.

A new study led by Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego researchers has revealed that the thickness of Antarctica's floating ice shelves has recently decreased by as much as 18 percent in certain areas over...

Recently, Baccarelli et al250 have shown among 718 elderly participants in the Normative Aging Study that short - term exposures (over 1 to 7 days) to PM2.5 and black carbon are associated with decreased «global» DNA methylation in long interspersed nucleotide elements.

In a study conducted by Michaud and coworkers over a 10 year period and including over 48,000 men, it was concluded that having a high turnover of fluids decreases the likelihood of urinary bladder cancer.

A study published in the journal Sleep Medicine found that leptin levels decreased by 18 per cent and ghrelin levels increased by 28 per cent when sleep was restricted to four hours per night over two nights.

«Over the past decades, we gradually deviated towards more unhealthy habits, including a sedentary lifestyle, decreased physical activity, and consumption of a «happy diet,»» said study lead author Dr. Louise Alferink.

In this study they found that the more times a woman dieted to lose weight, while maintaining the same weight over a long period, exhibited a greater decrease in her immune system function.

Overweight and obese women who lost weight over two years decreased their total cholesterol scores, «regardless of the amount of weight lost,» according to a 2013 study in the Journal of the American Heart Association.

One review study found that an additional 14 grams of fiber per day were linked to a 10 % decrease in calorie intake and weight loss of 4.5 lbs (2 kg) over 4 months (28).

Although the rats» body weight and food intake decreased as expected over the study period, the amount of fat tissue in their abdomen actually increased.