Sentences with phrase «deep convection in»

TheWeddell Sea polynya is a large opening in the open - ocean sea ice cover associated with intense deep convection in the ocean.

The warm water evaporates from the ocean surface, and the light, warm and humid air rises, leading to deep convection in the form of towering cumulonimbus clouds and heavy precipitation.

The study: Cessation of deep convection in the open Southern Ocean under anthropogenic climate change doi: 10.1038 / nclimate2132

[b] Cessation of deep convection in the open Southern Ocean under anthropogenic climate change [/ b]

However, tropical deep convection in a natural state is poorly understood and modeled, with insufficient observational data sets for model constraint.

Too much precip in the Pacific makes the ocean overall fresher and more difficult to initiate deep convection in the ocean.

Yan, 2014: Lateral heat exchange after deep convection in the Labrador Sea in 2008.

It is important not to confuse the Walker Circulation with the Hadley Circulation (also known as the «Hadley Cell»), which also involves deep convection in the tropics.

The sea surface height map is consistent with active deep convection in the winters of 2015 and 2016.

However, over longer terms, deep - water oxygenation may also increase even if Atlantic meridional overturning circulation becomes weaker, as deep convection in the Weddell Sea and Antarctic Bottom Water becomes enhanced (Yamamoto et al., 2015).

«This has to do with water vapor, which is the fuel for explosive deep convection in the atmosphere.

Also, increase of melt water in the East Greenland Current may cause a weakening in the deep convection in the Nordic Seas.

Not exact matches

We suspect that water, the constituent of Saturn's deepest cloud deck, can suppress convection in the lighter hydrogen atmosphere for a period of decades, until finally buoyancy wins out and a large convective outburst ensues.

This deep convection, the most conspicuous feature of the tropical circulation, in the company of precipitation transports latent heat from the earth's surface to the upper atmosphere.

But if lighter material, like hydrogen, settles close to the iron core, it could block dense material from sinking deep enough to keep convection going, said O'Rourke, of Arizona State University in Tempe.

The changes to the deep convection discovered in the study suggested a dynamic change in the climate system was responsible for the change in rainfall.

Using Australia's National Computational Infrastructure's supercomputer Raijin, the team created high - resolution three - dimensional simulations of mantle evolution over the past 200 million years to understand the coupling between convection in the deep Earth and volcanism.

Deep convection occurs only in a few regions around the globe, including the Irminger Sea and the Labrador Sea near Greenland.

It is one of the few regions in the world where deep convection occurs.

«The water could only have risen from below, driven upward by powerful convection originating deep in the atmosphere.

This heavy element upwells from a star's core (where it is produced) to the surface (near where it is observed) in a phase called the third dredge - up, when material in deep helium - burning layers is brought to the surface through convection.

Presumably, the strong stellar wind emitted by giant stars eventually blows the titanium oxide out of the star's outer regions (along with hydrogen and helium gases and dust made of elements and molecules like carbon) into interstellar space, until vigorous convection brings out more titanium and oxygen that are created from nuclear processes deeper in the star.

The researchers» novel approach identified anomalies in the cloud environmental conditions that are important to trigger the transition to deep convection.

Since 5E lessons provide differentiated instruction in their very nature, your students will complete the unit with a deep understanding of: • Earth's Layers • Continental Drift • Thermal Convection • Earth's Plates • Plate Boundaries • Hotspots • Earthquakes • Seafloor spreading ** Your students will also confront and overcome the following misconceptions.

Firstly, we know that there is a great deal of decadal variability in how much and where deep convection takes place.

Changes in convection and cloud formations through altered air moisture (CAPE) could have implications for the coupled mode mechanisms, as would a deeper thermocline (usually situated near the bottom of the warm surface layer).

Observations of the humidity in the upper troposphere and its relation with sea surface temperature in areas of deep convection point to an overall positive climate feedback by water vapour in the upper troposphere, which is inconsistent with the Iris effect.

Hurricanes do have a deep surface mixing effect that normal tropical convection doesn't produce, and that would be expected to result in greater transfer of heat to the atmosphere, but it gets complicated in a hurry; see the realclimate discussion of the Walker circulation for example, as well as the link between hurricanes and sea surface temps.

In the tropics which are prone to deep convection, the water vapor response to warmer temperature also promotes a less steep lapse rate owing to latent heat effects.

(In real life I understand that mixing is the main agent of deeper warming in the ocean due to winds, currents, etc.) Only the top skin of water heats up and therefore lower warming must be by diffusion, or are convection cells within the water inevitablIn real life I understand that mixing is the main agent of deeper warming in the ocean due to winds, currents, etc.) Only the top skin of water heats up and therefore lower warming must be by diffusion, or are convection cells within the water inevitablin the ocean due to winds, currents, etc.) Only the top skin of water heats up and therefore lower warming must be by diffusion, or are convection cells within the water inevitable?

In the tropics, where you have deep convection and vertically extensive cloud towers, you have reflective cloud tops that also emit energy to space very high up, resulting in two very large but opposing terms in the energy balancIn the tropics, where you have deep convection and vertically extensive cloud towers, you have reflective cloud tops that also emit energy to space very high up, resulting in two very large but opposing terms in the energy balancin two very large but opposing terms in the energy balancin the energy balance.

In a further experiment, Böning and co-workers showed that a cumulative freshwater volume of ~ 20,000 cubic kilometers leads to a breakdown of deep convection and a slowdown of the AMOC by 5 Sv within a few years.

We can check the current SST and see that this matches what is going on currently, except for the cold region near 50N 25W, which was there not too long ago, but has recently disappeared, so we appear to be in a phase of high deep - water convection in the North Atlantic.

Consenquently, the associated SST pattern is slightly cooler in the deep convection upwelling regions of the Equitorial Pacific and the Indian Ocean, strongly cooler in the nearest deep convection source region of the South Atlantic near Africa and the Equator, warm over the bulk of the North Atlantic, strongly warmer where the gulf stream loses the largest portion of its heat near 50N 25W, and strongly cooler near 45N 45W, which turns out to be a back - eddy of the Gulf Stream with increased transport of cold water from the north whenever the Gulf Stream is running quickly.

The Gulf Stream circulation is about equal parts wind driven, which is roughly constant in strength, and deep - convection driven, which varies significnatly on decadal time scales.

Moore et al 2015 found in Nature Climate Change that convection (the deep mixing of seawater closely linked to the AMOC) in the Greenland and Iceland Seas has weakened and is likely to exceed a critical point as global warming continues, where it will become limited in the depth reached.

Located along the Andes Mountains, it is the largest lake in South America and is situated in such a way that mountain breezes tangle with warm lake air to create a perfect storm, so to speak, of storms — an enduring deep convection that results in 297 thunderstorms a year.

For a rough estimate, downwelling water to the deep ocean in convection zones is about 40 Sv (10 ^ 6 m3 / s), assuming that comes in with say 2 deg C, and leaves (through upwelling, isopycnal and diapycnal diffusion), that is a heat flux of 320 TW, thus at least an order of magnitude larger than the geothermal fluxes.

The high double hung window, when open at the top and bottom, creates a convection current within the room that brings fresh air in deeper.

In a warming world — if it warms — we might expect a broadening of the tropical and an enhancement of deep convection.

For deep convective systems, the G - 1 measurements will focus on characterizing the environmental conditions that lead to convective initiation and the vertical profiles of environmental properties around the growing deep convection and in adjacent regions that are not initiating deep convection so that the differences in environment can be compared.

EMBRACE aims to significantly improve the parameterization of deep convection and its link to important modes of tropical climate variability in current ESMs.

More information: Miyamoto, Y., Kajikawa, Y., Yoshida, R., Yamaura, T., Yashiro, H. & Tomita, H. Deep moist atmospheric convection in a subkilometer global simulation.

It seems that the El Niño - related warmer sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific in late winter cause deep convection patterns to shift eastward.

The meeting will mainly cover the following themes, but can include other topics related to understanding and modelling the atmosphere: ● Surface drag and momentum transport: orographic drag, convective momentum transport ● Processes relevant for polar prediction: stable boundary layers, mixed - phase clouds ● Shallow and deep convection: stochasticity, scale - awareness, organization, grey zone issues ● Clouds and circulation feedbacks: boundary - layer clouds, CFMIP, cirrus ● Microphysics and aerosol - cloud interactions: microphysical observations, parameterization, process studies on aerosol - cloud interactions ● Radiation: circulation coupling; interaction between radiation and clouds ● Land - atmosphere interactions: Role of land processes (snow, soil moisture, soil temperature, and vegetation) in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction ● Physics - dynamics coupling: numerical methods, scale - separation and grey - zone, thermodynamic consistency ● Next generation model development: the challenge of exascale, dynamical core developments, regional refinement, super-parametrization ● High Impact and Extreme Weather: role of convective scale models; ensembles; relevant challenges for model development

The vertically integrated inventory of human emitted CO2 in the oceans is (not surprisingly) much greater in areas of cold deep convection, especially in the northern Atlantic (the falling leg of the thermohaline circulation), and much less in the tropics where the ocean is strongly stratified; absorption in the tropics really is more in the near - surface waters.

In - depth analysis reveals that the model's shallow cumulus convection scheme tends to significantly under - produce clouds during the times when shallow cumuli exist in the observations, while the deep convective and stratiform cloud schemes significantly over-produce low - level clouds throughout the daIn - depth analysis reveals that the model's shallow cumulus convection scheme tends to significantly under - produce clouds during the times when shallow cumuli exist in the observations, while the deep convective and stratiform cloud schemes significantly over-produce low - level clouds throughout the dain the observations, while the deep convective and stratiform cloud schemes significantly over-produce low - level clouds throughout the day.

Other feedbacks like clouds, (poleward and deep) convection may alter that in positive or negative ways, but that is exactly what the current debate between skeptics and warmers is about.

The idea is that Arctic sea ice decline would expose the ocean to anomalous surface heat and freshwater fluxes, resulting in positive buoyancy anomalies that can propagate downstream to the North Atlantic, in due time suppressing deep convection and weakening the AMOC.

This is often called «deep convection» in the literature.