Not exact matches
Donnelly's team examined cores of sediment sampled from two of the salt pond's
deepest points, searching for
layers that were deposited
when storms violently washed
ocean sand into the 65 - acre waterway.
In colder
oceans, the separating
layer (thermocline) does not form, or only for parts of the year, so phytoplankton at the top receives nutrients from the
deeper sea and provides oxygen for the the upper and
deeper layers (as well as nutrients,
when phytoplankton decomposes).
When the
ocean surface is cooler, warmth is taken from the surface into
deeper ocean layers that «do not emit heat out of the planet».
Joe Postma is also wrong in assuming solar radiation can heat the Earth's surface to that extent, especially
when 70 % of the surface is a thin (say 1 centimetre
deep) surface
layer of water which transmits most of the radiation down into the
ocean thermoclines.
Nor can one be confident that the contribution of subsea volcanic variability to
deep -
ocean temperature change is negligible in comparison with that from the atmosphere, particularly
when the relative densities of the two media and the distance of the benthic
layers from the atmosphere are taken into account.
When cold surface water no longer sinks into the depths, a
deeper layer of warm
ocean water can travel across the continental shelf and reach the bases of glaciers, retaining its heat as the cold waters remain above.