Not exact matches
But early this year, Princeton
materials scientists Steven Atkinson, Frank Stillinger and Salvatore Torquato found significantly less
dense configurations by pushing the pennies together as if they were on a shrinkable pad of
rubber rather than a rigid table, until reaching the «no closer» point.
They are inexpensive, and available in hard plastic,
dense rubber or synthetic leather
material.
The shell can be made from many
materials, including nylon, vinyl, leather,
dense rubber, or polyurethane, and the insides are often stuffed with sand, gel, or just inflated with air.