Sentences with phrase «dentate gyrus»

Schoenfeld, T.J., Rada, P. et al. (2013) Physical exercise prevents stress - induced activation of granule neurons and enhances local inhibitory mechanisms in the dentate gyrus.

«Brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was significantly up - regulated, and the 5HT1A serotonin receptor sub-type down - regulated, in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.

Chronic rapamycin treatment tended to increase dentate gyrus DCX immunoreactivity in aged animals, but this effect was far from reaching statistical significance.

Abbreviations: AMPAR, AMPA receptor; AS, Angelman syndrome; BDNF, brain - derived neurotrophic factor; CaMKII, α - calcium / calmodulin - dependent protein kinase II; CGN, cerebellar granule neuron; co-IP, coimmunoprecipitation; DG, dentate gyrus; ERK, extracellular signal - regulated kinase; fEPSP, field excitatory postsynaptic potential; Gab1, Grb2 - associated binder 1; HFS, high frequency stimulation; IGF, insulin - like growth factor; LTP, long - term potentiation; PSD - 95, postsynaptic density protein - 95; SYN, synaptophysin; WT, wild type

Our quantitative assessment of doublecortin (DCX) immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus showed a loss of DCX in aged animals (Supplemental Figure 1), consistent with a substantial decrease in the neurogenic capacity of the aged hippocampus.

c - Fos imaging of testing - induced brain activations showed that the deterioration of young memory was associated with dentate gyrus dysconnectivity, reminiscent of that seen in aged mice.

It is active only in the dentate gyrus, its activity decreases throughout a person's life, and, most tellingly, it is part of a molecular switch that converts short - term memories to long - term ones.

There was no significant increase in progranulin protein levels in the frontal cortex (Fig. 4B h), thalamus (Fig. 4C i), or hippocampus (Fig. 4D j), despite observing the expected increase in doublecortin - positive neurons in the dentate gyrus (Fig. 4E t), indicating increased neurogenesis as a positive control.

Exercise did not increase progranulin protein levels in frontal cortex (B), thalamus (C), or hippocampus (D), despite producing the expected increase in the number of doublecortin - positive neurons in the dentate gyrus (E, ** p < 0.01).

Learning and memory have been closely linked to strengthening of synaptic connections between neurons (i.e., synaptic plasticity) within the dentate gyrus (DG)- CA3 - CA1 trisynaptic circuit of the

Engin E, Zarnowska ED, Benke D, Tsvetkov E, Sigal M, Keist R, Bolshakov VY, Pearce RA, Rudolph U. Tonic inhibitory control of dentate gyrus granule cells by α5 - containing GABAA receptors reduces memory interference.

Lichtman's Brainbow technique was used here to color code the wires in a mouse's (a) ear muscle, (b) brainstem axon tract, and (c) hippocampal dentate gyrus, as part of a 2008 study (Credit: Jeff W. Lichtman and Joshua R. Sanes)

The dentate gyrus, part of the hippocampus, is involved in learning, episodic memory formation and spatial coding.

Lichtman's Brainbow technique was used here to color code the wires in a mouse's (a) ear muscle, (b) brainstem axon tract, and (c) hippocampal dentate gyrus, as part of a 2008 study

Consistent with earlier reports, Lemere's team observed synaptic reductions in the CA3 layer and in the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus of adult C57BL / 6J (000664) wild - type (WT) mice.

The largest theta waves, however, are generally recorded from the vicinity of the fissure that separates the CA1 molecular layer from the dentate gyrus molecular layer.

The researchers looked at the dentate gyrus, a specific area of the brain that is critical to memory and particularly vulnerable in Alzheimer's disease, and compared the genes that were turned on and off in normal mice and a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Dendrites of dentate gyrus granule cells contribute to pattern separation by controlling sparsity Chavlis, S., Petrantonakis, C.P., Poirazi, P. Hippocampus.

In Vivo Imaging of Dentate Gyrus Mossy Cells in Behaving Mice Danielson, N. B., Turi, G. F., Ladow, M., Chavlis, S., Petrantonakis, P. C., Poirazi, P., & Losonczy, A. Neuron.

Specifically, it appears that in neurons of the CA1 and dentate gyrus, these oscillations result from an interplay of dendritic excitation via a persistent sodium current (INaP) with perisomatic inhibition (Buzsáki, 2002).

The dentate gyrus also generates theta waves, which are difficult to separate from the CA1 waves because they are considerably smaller in amplitude, but there is some evidence that dentate gyrus theta is usually about 90 degrees out of phase from CA1 theta.

Waning production of neurons and an overall shrinking of the dentate gyrus, part of the hippocampus thought to help form new episodic memories, was believed to occur in ageing humans as well.

A zinc stain in this cross-section of a hippocampus shows the zone of connections (dark brown) between two regions, the dentate gyrus and CA3.

In a mirror study, chemotherapy administration in young and elderly mice resulted in a change in behavioral flexibility and alteration of neuron precursor proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus.

hypothalamo - pituitary - adrenal axis; dentate gyrus; hippocampus; corticosterone; glucocorticoïds; behaviour; spatial learning; apoptosis; memory and memory system; newborn neurons; neurogenesis; neural plasticity; Brain aging; neurons proliferation

Neurogenesis can take place only within specific regions of the brain, such as the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.

It was initially thought that age - related memory loss is an early manifestation of Alzheimer's, but mounting evidence suggests that it is a distinct process that affects the dentate gyrus (DG), a subregion of the hippocampus that receives direct input from the EC.

During fear conditioning, researchers used a virus to deliver a gene into the dentate gyrus, which labeled active engram cells.

The dentate gyrus has previously been implicated in the formation of memories, and is one of the areas of the brain with the most new neuron generation during adulthood.

The neurons, they found, were located in the dentate gyrus, part of the hippocampus.

In the image, yellow shows the increased RbAp48 in the dentate gyrus.

Engram cell in AD mouse — This image depicts a single memory engram cell (green) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) region of a mouse model of early Alzheimer's disease.

Light stimulation did not boost the number of spines in normal mice or strengthen the fear memory, nor did indiscriminately shining light in the dentate gyrus result in any long - term memory improvement.

By looking at the hippocampus in 55 post-mortem brains aged between 19 and 92, Frisén's team found that a subset of neurons in an area of the hippocampus called the dentate gyrus are indeed created throughout adulthood (Cell, doi.org/ms8).

For instance, the dentate gyrus is critical for distinguishing between similar environments, while CA3 enables us to recall a memory from partial cues (e.g., Proust's famous madeleine).

The engrams, or memory traces, of this particular experience are known to be located in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, a key brain area for memory processing.

These results provide evidence that NMDA receptors in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus play a crucial role in the process of pattern separation.

But she had to improve the sensitivity of the technique so that it could detect the isotopic ratio in DNA from the roughly 6 - gram sliver of neural tissue in the hippocampus thought to produce new neurons, the dentate gyrus.

We have tested this hypothesis by generating and analyzing a mouse strain that lacks the gene encoding the essential subunit of the N - methyl - d - aspartate (NMDA) receptor NR1, specifically in dentate gyrus granule cells.

«This is a spectacular independent confirmation» of the 1998 study suggesting that new neurons are born during adulthood in the dentate gyrus, writes Gerd Kempermann, a neuroscientist at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Dresden, in an e-mail.

For the first 5 years, Spalding worked on finding an effective way of separating the roughly 20 million neurons in the dentate gyrus from other types of hippocampal cells and then extracting their DNA.

The dentate gyrus subregion has been suggested to fulfill this role.

Working primarily with scientists at the University of Bristol in England, Tonegawa zeroed in on the hippocampus's dentate gyrus section, which he determined distinguishes between similar but different places or experiences.

In the slightly different chamber, their dentate gyrus neurons began sending out electrical signals, which, according to Tonegawa, suggests they were «distinguishing [between] and forming different memories.»

When a new granule cell neuron is made in the dentate gyrus, it needs to get «wired in,» by forming synapses, or connections, in order to contribute to circuit function.

The researchers also unexpectedly found that the Bax gene, known for its role in apoptosis, appears to also play a role in synaptic pruning in the dentate gyrus.

From the cells» ages, the group calculated that every day, humans replace 700 of their neurons in the dentate gyrus, a sliver of hippocampus thought to encode memories.

In agreement with predictions from these models, we show that minimal changes in the shape of the environment in which rats are exploring can substantially alter correlated activity patterns among place - modulated granule cells in the dentate gyrus.

By combining this sensory and spatial information, the dentate gyrus can generate a unique memory of an experience.

This opens the door to look at how this redistribution of synapses between the old and new neurons helps the dentate gyrus function.