Several smaller studies have investigated the relationship of paternal and child mental health, and they have reported related findings
among children of different ages than those in the study reported in this article.14, — , 21 One study found an association between paternal depression and excessive infant crying.45 Another study found that children aged 9 to 24 months with depressed fathers are more likely to show speech and language delays, 19,21 whereas another study reported that children aged 2 years with depressed fathers tended to be less compliant with parental guidance.17 Among children aged 4 to 6 years, paternal depression has been found to be associated with increases in problems with prosocial behaviors and peer problems.15 Only 1 other study we are aware of was population based; it was from England and investigated related issues among much younger children, 23 demonstrating that both maternal and paternal depressive symptoms predicted increased child mood and emotional problems at 6 and 24 months of
among children of different ages than those in the study reported in this article.14, — , 21 One study found an association between paternal depression and excessive infant crying.45 Another study found that children aged 9 to 24 months with depressed fathers are more likely to show speech and language delays, 19,21 whereas another study reported that children aged 2 years with depressed fathers tended to be less compliant with parental guidance.17
Among children aged 4 to 6 years, paternal depression has been found to be associated with increases in problems with prosocial behaviors and peer problems.15 Only 1 other study we are aware of was population based; it was from England and investigated related issues among much younger children, 23 demonstrating that both maternal and paternal depressive symptoms predicted increased child mood and emotional problems at 6 and 24 months of
Among children aged 4 to 6 years, paternal depression has been found to be associated with increases in problems with prosocial behaviors and peer problems.15 Only 1 other study we are aware of was population based; it was from England and investigated related issues
among much younger children, 23 demonstrating that both maternal and paternal depressive symptoms predicted increased child mood and emotional problems at 6 and 24 months of
among much younger children, 23 demonstrating that both maternal and paternal
depressive symptoms predicted increased child
mood and emotional problems at 6 and 24 months of age.
Disorders considered herein include anxiety disorders (agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive - compulsive disorder, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, social phobia, specific phobia),
mood disorders (bipolar I and II disorders, dysthymia, major
depressive disorder), disorders that share a feature of problems with impulse control (bulimia, intermittent explosive disorder, and adult persistence of 3 childhood - adolescent disorders — attention - deficit / hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and oppositional - defiant disorder —
among respondents in the 18 - to 44 - year age range), and substance disorders (alcohol and drug abuse and dependence).