Heterozygosity for A / J -
derived alleles at both Bhr1 and Bhr5 is sufficient to confer the airway hyperresponsive phenotype.
Arrow indicates the first appearance of
the derived allele at position 10,218, distinguishing clusters 2 and 3.
The derived allele at this locus is nearly fixed in floppy - eared breeds, consistent with the floppy ear position being the derived phenotype (Figure S2).
Not exact matches
Finally,
allele - specific expression indicates that expression of one of the three NCAM genes has a two-fold reduction in expression when linked to the
derived «sand»
allele at the CNE.
It follows from the last point above that the vast majority of common human genetic variation, i.e. SNPs with
derived allele frequencies of
at least 5 %, is neutral or nearly neutral with respect to fitness.
For each polymorphic site observed in a given horse sample, we defined the ancestral state using the donkey sequence data and computed a measure of genetic load as the product of the GERP score
at each site and the number of
derived alleles carried by this individual
at this site, averaged across sites for each individual.
Indeed, several admixture scenarios [44], [45] and selection
at linked sites are expected to generate an excess of high frequency
derived alleles, but the observation that most islands of differentiation are not enriched for high frequency
derived alleles suggests that selection
at linked sites is likely to have a relatively small contribution overall to the occurrence of areas of high differentiation.