National origin issues in public schools may be self - identified by districts or may be identified through an active
school desegregation court order, an Office for Civil Rights resolution, or an investigation by a federal or state civil rights enforcement agency.
Few remember that the Nixon administration conditioned federal aid to southern schools on their compliance
with desegregation court orders; that policy appears to have aided the desegregation efforts that federal courts were insisting upon.
Under her leadership, ELLs, who had previously been denied the opportunity to participate in a Choice of School Program, associated with a
longstanding desegregation court order, were allowed to do so.
These issues may be self - identified or identified through an active
school desegregation court order, an Office for Civil Rights resolution, or an investigation by a federal or state civil rights enforcement agency.
In Chicago, families had been untethered from their local neighborhoods and free to attend any public school in the city since the 1980s, stemming from
a desegregation court order.