Sentences with phrase «detect small effects»

Research also needs to adequately control for covariates that may confound the effects of PAE, such as family processes (eg, problematic parenting or family conflict) and parental characteristics, especially maternal substance use.1, 12 Researchers also need to account for genetic liabilities that are shared by parents and offspring.13, 14 A woman's genetic risk of substance use could be passed down to her children and subsequently affect their behavior.15 Research on the consequences of PAE, therefore, needs studies with large samples, with sufficient statistical power to detect small effects, using analytical methods and designs that can account for potential confounds, including factors that are not measured.

Indeed, we only had adequate statistical power to detect medium and large effects, and were under - powered to detect small effects.

To detect small effects (d =.3), power was 52 — 69 % across the peer - report scales, 54 — 65 % across the self - report scales, and 71 — 78 % across the teacher - report scales.

Limitations include concerns regarding sufficient power to detect small effects and possible bias.

In these patients, it is not possible to determine whether the negative findings were the result of the low «sensitivity» of the method (e.g., failure to detect small effects), or whether they genuinely reflect the patients» limited cognitive abilities.

«The meta - analytic study requires a certain number of studies (at least 17 - 20 experiments) to detect smaller effects and to avoid false - positive results (if the findings are driven by the effect of single experiments),» Zinchenko said.

Even though the trial was powered to detect a small effect size, only modest improvements in parenting risks were found, but no impact on child behavior at follow - up time points of 18, 24, or 36 months was found.

However, the results suggest that contact - only CSA may produce a significant association with parenting stress and that studies including both contact and non-contact CSA may need larger sample sizes to detect smaller effects.

Not exact matches

A person who subscribes to the AEC philosophy might phrase the effect of continuing testing upon the incidence of leukemia as follows: «This effect is so small that it can not be detected with certainty in death statistics.

Bigger effects are easier to detect than smaller effects, while large samples offer greater test sensitivity than small samples.

As our study has a power of 80 % (α = 0.05) to detect a difference of at least 5.7 points for the Bayley PDI and 2.6 points for the Peabody motor scales, we can not exclude a small positive effect of breast feeding on motor development.

Although the number of participants in the study was relatively small, the researchers report that it was sufficiently large to detect clinically relevant effects.

The number of people involved in Kable's study was too small to detect any tiny improvements in performance, so it's possible a small effect was missed.

«We believe that RS - based SNP prioritization may provide guidance for more targeted and powered approach to detecting the disease - associated SNPs with small effect size,» he concluded.

This effect allows researchers to detect changes in humidity as small as 0.1 percent.

Take the example of antiretroviral drugs, where you got small effects with studies of individual drugs compared to two drug therapies that you really could not have detected without the right kind of study and right kind of statistics.

The frequency doubling effect is strong enough so that arrays that are too small to see with the naked eye can be detected easily.

These assays make it possible to detect even small changes in DNA methylation, making them useful in the hunt for new drugs to reverse the effects of repeat expansion.

Alternatively, micro explosions, termed nanoflares — too small and frequent to detect individually, but with a large collective effect — might release heat into the corona.

More analyses will be needed to detect risk variants with smaller effects, or ultra-rare variants.

The sensors detected changes in oxygen pressure as small as 15 millimeters of mercury, and it took less than 10 minutes to see the effects of a change in inhaled gas.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE White - matter hyperintensities (WMHs) detected by magnetic resonance imaging are thought to represent the effects of cerebral small - vessel disease and neurodegenerative changes.

This is the deepest large mm - wave dataset in existence and has already led to many groundbreaking science results, including the first galaxy clusters detected through their Sunyaev - Zel «dovich effect signature, the most sensitive measurement yet of the small - scale CMB power spectrum, and the discovery of a population of ultra-bright, high - redshift, star - forming galaxies.

The large number of DNA samples brought together in this study may enable the researchers to detect genes whose individual effects in the disorder may be small but may still play a role.

The effect is small since the Earth's mass is small, so atomic clocks must be used to detect the difference.

Furthermore, the number of subjects is too small to detect an effect.

This small effect would add up over time, but it would be difficult to detect in a research study lasting only weeks and it would take a long time for an individual to see the results.

The associations between high versus low consumption of decaffeinated coffee and lower risk of type 2 diabetes21 and endometrial cancer40 were of a similar magnitude to total or caffeinated coffee, and there was a small beneficial association between decaffeinated coffee and lung cancer.48 The other outcomes investigated for decaffeinated coffee showed no significant associations, though it should be noted that meta - analyses of consumption would have much lower power to detect an effect.

And, second, smaller districts — where most Americans attend school — do not have a sufficient sample size within their own data to detect the hoped - for effects.

Given these small sample sizes, it takes fairly large preschool effects for such effects to be detected as statistically significant.

But Forbush was handicapped by lack of knowledge about the sub-lethal neurological effects of pesticides, and by a lack of technology capable of detecting the very small amounts of pesticides that can induce neurological harm.

However, the albedo - induced cooling effect is expected to be small and was not detected in observed trends in the study by Matthews et al. (2004).

Paper J notes that the anthropogenic effect on sea level rise in one region of the world (the Pacific Ocean) over one period of time (1993 - 2013) is too small to detect at a statistically significant level due to factors such as: a) small sample size (only 20 years), b) the effect of control variables (such as the IPO), c) limitations of satellite altimetry measurement, the technique being used to measure sea level in paper H. Paper K offers a contrasting account of paper J, noting that part of the Pacific sea level rise is anthropogenic.

It was likely that local conditions at scales finer than those detected by satellite observations increased or decreased the effect of the thermal stress within and among reefs at the sub-pixel scale (e.g., coral community structure, small - scale hydrodynamics, past bleaching; the analysis of which were beyond the scope of this study).

The second factor is the insulating effect of the atmosphere of which well over 90 % results from atmospheric water in the form of clouds and water vapour with the remaining 10 % due primarily from CO2 and ozone with just a slightly detectable effect from methane and a trivial effect from all the other gases named in tyhe Kyoto Accord that is so small it can't even be detected on measurements of the Earth's radiative spectrum.

If something exists but is too small to be detected then it only has an abstract existence; it does not have a discernible existence that has effects (observation of the effects would be its detection).

Because our excess heat is concentrated in what amounts to point sources, and those point sources are almost invariably located near to the temperature monitoring sites, you may want be a little kinder to Phillip and his opinion that waste heat accounts for a significant amount of our «warming» unless you have convincing evidence that the heat is dissipated so rapidly that its net effect is smaller than our ability to detect.

So, if there was any effect by the steam release just days earlier, it appears to be so small as to be impossible to detect.

MWMT and MAP had relatively small effects on tree growth (less than 40 % of the analyzed groups showed significant correlations), whereas the effect of MCMT on tree growth was mostly negative among the detected significant groups (Fig. 3B).

You also say that the GH effect is too small to be detected from individual station records.

Claims that even a seasonal signal has been detected, let alone a synoptic scale signal, would be grossly premature — indeed, I doubt that anything other than a huge effect would be detectable in such a small time period — and there is no indication of that at all.

A priori power analyses determined that a total of 234 participants would offer 80 % power to detect a small - to - moderate effect size.

This is not such a great limitation for many psychological and psychiatric phenotypes with substantial heritabilities of around 0.5, but may cause problems in detecting smaller, yet potentially important genetic effects.

Power calculations also showed that the trial had adequate power to detect effect sizes in the small to moderate range.

This suggests that the study had adequate power to detect effect sizes in the small / moderate range.

None of the trials in the 3 meta - analyses had enough power to detect effect sizes smaller than d = 0.34, but some came close to the threshold for detecting a clinically relevant effect size of d = 0.24.

Generally, larger studies have more power to detect significant effects compared with small studies.

Fourth, although post-hoc power analyses showed that this study with about 50 ICP / partner dyads had more than 90 % power to detect large effects (r > 0.50), it had less than 60 % power to detect small to medium effects (r < 0.30), making it possible to miss effects.

Thus, we developed longer versions for smaller studies in which this might serve as a primary outcome measure - providing the highest precision and power for detecting effects.

It's also an appropriate design for studies with small sample sizes that may not have the desired power for the statistical analysis to detect an effect when there is one.